Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a vehicle includes a relay which is controlled to close to supply a power from a battery to an electric field load or is controlled to open to block the power, a sensor that detects a state of charge (SOC) value of the battery and opening and closing of a door of the vehicle, and a controller that is configured to control the relay to close based on the power supplied from the battery or a power of an external power device, when the controller concludes that the SOC value of the battery is less than a first reference value and that the door is opened, and charges the battery with the power supplied from the external electronic device.

Abstract: Proposed is a heat dissipating device using turbulent flow. In the heat dissipating device, a plurality of block flow paths are formed in parallel inside a block body, a first cap and a second cap are mounted on side surfaces of the respective ends of the block body so as to connect the block flow paths, a working fluid flows into the block flow paths, and the working fluid which has passed through the block flow paths is transferred to the outside. Turbulence generators are mounted inside the block flow paths, and finishing end portions on the respective ends of the turbulence generators are supported by the first cap and the second cap and are positioned inside the block flow paths.

Abstract: Integrated circuit devices and methods of forming the same are provided. The methods may include forming a sacrificial layer in a preliminary substrate by adding an element into the preliminary substrate, forming a transistor structure on the preliminary substrate, the transistor structure including a source/drain region, replacing the sacrificial layer with a power contact that comprises an upper surface contacting the source/drain region, and forming a power rail that contacts a lower surface of the power contact.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a shock absorption net for golf practice, and more specifically, the shock absorption net, by having a shock absorption skirt installed in a net part forming a top surface, prevents a golf ball flying from a golfer's swing from directly hitting an upper portion of a target cloth or an upper back frame having elasticity. The shock absorption net for golf practice of the present invention, when used, pre-emptively prevents a ball from directly clashing with the upper back frame or the target cloth and bouncing back with a strong force, and thus can protect a golfer from risks associated therewith and allow same to practice golf safely.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a safety golf ball for practice and, more specifically, to a safety golf ball for practice, by which a similar effect to the practice using a real golf ball can be obtained and a safety accident can be prevented. To this end, the safety golf ball for practice includes a soft outer core on an existing inner core so as to have a fast elasticity recovery speed.

Abstract: Proposed is a heat dissipating device using turbulent flow. In the heat dissipating device, a plurality of block flow paths (12) are formed in parallel inside a block body (10), a first cap (16) and a second cap (28) are mounted on side surfaces (15) of the respective ends of the block body (10) so as to connect the block flow paths (12), a working fluid flows into the block flow paths (12), and the working fluid which has passed through the block flow paths (12) is transferred to the outside. Turbulence generators (38) are mounted inside the block flow paths (12), and finishing end portions (40) on the respective ends of the turbulence generators (38) are supported by the first cap (16) and the second cap (28) and are positioned inside the block flow paths (12).