Abstract: A method for forming a photoelectric conversion region of an image sensing device includes determining a thickness of a substrate and a capacitance of a photoelectric conversion region of an image sensing pixel corresponding to a desired performance of the image sensing pixel, determining a size of a desired photoelectric conversion region for the image sensing pixel based on the determined thickness of the substrate and the determined capacitance of the photoelectric conversion region, determining a first ion implantation energy suitable for implanting impurities into a predetermined depth in the substrate, determining a thickness of a mask pattern corresponding to the first ion implantation energy, and determining at least one second ion implantation energy suitable for implanting the impurities into the substrate for forming a plurality of sub-photoelectric conversion regions at different depths that collectively form the desired photoelectric conversion region.

Abstract: A common voltage generation circuit includes a common voltage adjusting circuit adjusting a level of a common voltage in response to a compensation signal and providing the adjusted common voltage to a liquid crystal panel, and a common voltage compensating circuit including a resistor producing potential differences between the adjusted common voltage and each of the positive and negative polarity data voltages, a first voltage detector detecting a potential difference between the adjusted common voltage and the negative polarity data voltage, a second voltage detector detecting a potential difference between the adjusted common voltage and the positive polarity data voltage, and a voltage comparator comparing output signals of the first and second voltage detectors and feeding the compensation signal back to the common voltage adjusting circuit.

Abstract: There are disclosed a system and a method for measuring reflectance of an object. The system for measuring reflectance of an object according to the present invention includes: a light source unit including a light source irradiating light to the object; a light source position adjusting unit that adjusts a position and a direction of the light source unit; a light receiving unit that acquires image data by detecting light reflected on the object; and a reflectance acquiring unit that acquires the reflectance of the object from the image data. According to the present invention, it is possible to more precisely acquire the reflectance of the object within a shorter time.

Abstract: There are disclosed a system and a method for measuring reflectance of an object. The system for measuring reflectance of an object according to the present invention includes: a light source unit including a light source irradiating light to the object; a light source position adjusting unit that adjusts a position and a direction of the light source unit; a light receiving unit that acquires image data by detecting light reflected on the object; and a reflectance acquiring unit that acquires the reflectance of the object from the image data. According to the present invention, it is possible to more precisely acquire the reflectance of the object within a shorter time.

Abstract: A common voltage generation circuit includes a common voltage adjusting circuit adjusting a level of a common voltage in response to a compensation signal and providing the adjusted common voltage to a liquid crystal panel, and a common voltage compensating circuit including a resistor producing potential differences between the adjusted common voltage and each of the positive and negative polarity data voltages, a first voltage detector detecting a potential difference between the adjusted common voltage and the negative polarity data voltage, a second voltage detector detecting a potential difference between the adjusted common voltage and the positive polarity data voltage, and a voltage comparator comparing output signals of the first and second voltage detectors and feeding the compensation signal back to the common voltage adjusting circuit.

Abstract: A driving apparatus that can easily detect a failure occurring in a liquid crystal panel and a liquid crystal display comprising the driving apparatus for a display comprises a voltage generator generating first and second gate clock signals that are a combination of a gate-on signal and a gate-off signal, wherein the first and second gate clock signals control a turn-on/off condition of a gate line, and a signal comparator comparing the first gate clock signal and the second gate clock signal with each other and turning a timing controller for the display on or off according to a comparison result.

Abstract: Disclosed is a plasma rapid thermal process apparatus having an improved plasma supply port for supplying atomic radicals to a rapid thermal process chamber. The supply port includes an inner tube and an outer tube. The inner tube has one end which is opened and connected to the discharge tube and the other end which is closed. The diameter of a closed portion of the other end is smaller than those of other portions of the other end. A first spray hole is formed around a side wall of the closed portion. The outer tube has one end which is opened such that the closed portion of the inner tube is inserted in the one end, and the other end at which a plurality of second spray holes is formed. The other end of the outer tube is spaced apart by a predetermined interval from the other closed end of the inner tube. With the improved supply port, it is possible to achieve a highly efficient and uniform thermal process with low thermal budget at low temperature.

Abstract: A driving apparatus and a circuit for a display device are presented. The driving apparatus includes a plurality of pixels, a positive polarity reference gray voltage generator capable of generating a plurality of positive polarity reference gray voltages, and a data driver capable of generating a plurality of negative polarity reference gray voltages based on the positive polarity reference gray voltages. The data driver is also capable of generating a plurality of positive polarity gray voltages and a plurality of negative polarity gray voltages using the positive polarity reference gray voltages and the negative polarity reference gray voltages, respectively, and applying gray voltages to the pixels. The gray voltages correspond to external image signals and are selected from the positive and negative gray voltages. The invention simplifies the design of the driving apparatus and circuitry for a display device.