Abstract: A radio wave transmitter transmits a transmission command to an artificial fish in a water tank. A radio wave receiver in the artificial fish outputs the received transmission command to an ultrasonic transmitter so that the ultrasonic transmitter is caused to transmit ultrasonic transmission pulses. The ultrasonic transmission pulses are received by reception devices in the water tank, and a reception signal thereof is supplied to a propagation time clock generator. The propagation time clock generator generates propagation time clock pulses according to ultrasonic propagation times from the artificial fish to the reception devices. The propagation time clock pulses are counted by a pulse counter, and a count value thereof is inputted to an arithmetic operation control portion to obtain a propagation time, thereby calculating a three-dimensional position of the artificial fish.

Abstract: A radio wave transmitter transmits a transmission command to an artificial fish in a water tank. A radio wave receiver in the artificial fish outputs the received transmission command to an ultrasonic transmitter so that the ultrasonic transmitter is caused to transmit ultrasonic transmission pulses. The ultrasonic transmission pulses are received by reception devices in the water tank, and a reception signal thereof is supplied to a propagation time clock generator. The propagation time clock generator generates propagation time clock pulses according to ultrasonic propagation times from the artificial fish to the reception devices. The propagation time clock pulses are counted by a pulse counter, and a count value thereof is inputted to an arithmetic operation control portion to obtain a propagation time, thereby calculating a three-dimensional position of the artificial fish.

Abstract: A serial signal transmission device and a control method for determining polarity which can be used in various systems, for example, air conditioners, and a remote controller. The serial signal transmission device which carries out signal transmission between a plurality of control devices uses two transmission wires with fixed polarity, the serial transmission interface of each control device is equipped with two pairs of differential drivers and receivers, and the driver outputs and receiver inputs of different polarity in these two pairs of drivers and receivers are connected to each other. This device and control method make connection terminals for signal lines on each control device nonpolar, considerably reducing workload required for installing the apparatuses and wiring and eliminating connection errors.

Abstract: A spiral spring type starter apparatus for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The apparatus includes a power accumulator mechanism having a spiral spring with its one end fixed to a starter shaft and its other end fixed to a power accumulator box, a ratchet device provided respectively on the starter shaft side and on the power accumulator box side of the power accumulator mechanism for maintaining a power accumulated condition in the spiral spring and also for enabling power to be input to the power accumulator box and power to be output from the starter shaft, a centrifugal type ratchet mechanism interposed between the starter shaft and a crank shaft of the engine, a motor adapted to be fed with electric power from a generator through a control circuit after starting of the engine, and a power transmission device for transmitting output power from the motor to the power accumulator box. The motor and battery can be reduced in size.

Abstract: A spiral spring type starter apparatus for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The apparatus includes a power accumulator mechanism having a spiral spring with its one end fixed to a starter shaft and its other end fixed to a power accumulator box, a ratchet device provided respectively on the starter shaft side and on the power accumulator box side of the power accumulator mechanism for maintaining a power accumulated condition in the spiral spring and also for enabling power to be input to the power accumulator box and power to be output from the starter shaft, a centrifugal type ratchet mechanism interposed between the starter shaft and a crank shaft of the engine, a motor adapted to be fed with electric power from a generator through a control circuit after starting of the engine, and a power transmission device for transmitting output power from the motor to the power accumulator box. The motor and battery can be reduced in size.

Abstract: A spiral spring type starter apparatus for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The apparatus includes a power accumulator mechanism having a spiral spring with its one end fixed to a starter shaft and its other end fixed to a power accumulator box, a ratchet device provided respectively on the starter shaft side and on the power accumulator box side of the power accumulator mechanism for maintaining a power accumulated condition in the spiral spring and also for enabling power to be input to the power accumulator box and power to be output from the starter shaft, a centrifugal type ratchet mechanism interposed between the starter shaft and a crank shaft of the engine, a motor adapted to be fed with electric power from a generator through a control circuit after starting of the engine, and a power transmission device for transmitting output power from the motor to the power accumulator box. The motor and battery can be reduced in size.

Abstract: In the self testing refrigerator disclosed, a controller normally controls the operation of various electrical devices, such as a compressor, a blower, and an electric heater by actuating and deactuating separate relays from the power source to each of the devices. During self testing, a switch arrangement disconnects the power source supply and substitutes a high voltage dc generator having a series resistor. The same controller that controls the refrigeration operation of the devices automatically actuates the aforementioned relays separately and successively to apply the high voltage across the terminals of the electric devices and ground. The voltage across the resistor indicates the current flow through, and hence the integrity of, the insulation in each of the devices.

Abstract: A controller which controls a refrigerating unit so that a temperature detected by a controlled temperature detector is equal to a setting temperature, includes a memory for storing the temperature detected by the detector, a card data input-output unit for reading data from a card and writing data in the card, a reading unit of the card data from the input-output unit, and a discriminator for discriminating whether the card is a setting card or a recording card on the basis of the card data read from the reading unit, whereby (a) when the discriminator discriminates that the card is the setting card, the setting temperature is set on the basis of the card data, and (b) when the discriminator discriminates that the card is the recording card, the temperature data stored in the memory is read to be written in the recording card through card data input-output unit, so that administration of data such as the setting temperature and the controlled temperature by a computer is attained and wrong setting of the tem