Abstract: An organic electroluminescent element having at least one organic layer including a light emitting layer sandwiched between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, which is characterized in that at least one organic layer contains an organometallic complex represented by General Formula (2).

Abstract: One objective of the present invention is to provide an organic EL element which is suppressed in change in the resistance of a light emitting layer after passing a current therethrough for a long period of time, thereby having good emission spectrum chromaticity, and which is suppressed in change in the emission characteristics over time. Another objective of the present invention is to provide a lighting device and a display device, each of which uses the organic EL element. An organic electroluminescent element of the present invention is provided with a pair of electrodes and one or more organic layers that are arranged between the pair of electrodes, and is characterized in that one or more layers among the organic layers contain a compound that has a structure represented by general formula (1).

Abstract: A material for an organic electroluminescent element contains a compound represented by Formula (1): where R1 to R3 independently represent a group such as a deuterium atom and a halogen atom; at least one of R1 to R3 is a group represented by Formula (2); if pluralities of R1 to R3 are present, these substituents may be the same or different or may be bonded to each other to form a ring; n1 represents an integer of 0 to 8; n2 represents an integer of 0 to 3; n3 represents an integer of 0 to 4; n1+n2+n3 is 1 or more; Cbz represents a carbazolyl group; X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; and L1 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.

Abstract: One objective of the present invention is to provide an organic EL element which is suppressed in change in the resistance of a light emitting layer after passing a current therethrough for a long period of time, thereby having good emission spectrum chromaticity, and which is suppressed in change in the emission characteristics over time. Another objective of the present invention is to provide a lighting device and a display device, each of which uses the organic EL element. An organic electroluminescent element of the present invention is provided with a pair of electrodes and one or more organic layers that are arranged between the pair of electrodes, and is characterized in that one or more layers among the organic layers contain a compound that has a structure represented by general formula (1).

Abstract: A material for an organic electroluminescent element contains a compound represented by Formula (1): where R1 to R3 independently represent a group such as a deuterium atom and a halogen atom; at least one of R1 to R3 is a group represented by Formula (2); if pluralities of R1 to R3 are present, these substituents may be the same or different or may be bonded to each other to form a ring; n1 represents an integer of 0 to 8; n2 represents an integer of 0 to 3; n3 represents an integer of 0 to 4; n1+n2+n3 is 1 or more; Cbz represents a carbazolyl group; X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; and L1 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent element having at least one organic layer including a light emitting layer sandwiched between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, which is characterized in that at least one organic layer contains an organometallic complex represented by General Formula (1).

Abstract: A copper complex compound represented by Formula (1) is disclosed. in the formula, groups represented by R is a substituent, n is an integer of from 1 to 5 and the total carbon number contained in (R)n is 14 or more. A toner for electrophotography containing the compound is also disclosed.

Abstract: An electrochromic compound represented by Formula (1), wherein R1 is an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group; R2 and R3 are each a hydrogen atom or a substituent; X is N—R4, an oxygen atom, or a sulfur atom; and R4 is a hydrogen atom or a substituent; provided that at least one of R1-R4 has a partial structure represented by Formula (2), —Si(Y)nR?(3-n)??Formula (2) wherein Y is a halogen atom or OR, R is an alkyl group, or an aryl group; R? is an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group, and n is an integer of 1-3.

Abstract: An electrophotographic toner is disclosed. The toner contains a compound of Formula X-1 and a copper complex compound represented by the following Formula (1), which are defined detain in the specification.

Abstract: A compound represented by Formula (X-1) is disclosed. in the formula, Rx1 and Rx2 each independently represents an alkyl group, Lx is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, Gx1 is an alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms, Gx2 is an alkyl group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, Gx3 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a Gx4-CO—NH— group or a Gx5-N(Gx6)-CO—group, Gx5 and Gx6 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and Qx1, Qx2, Qx3, Qx4 and Qx5 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. An electrophotographic toner containing the compound is also disclosed.

Abstract: A compound represented by Formula (X-1) is disclosed. in the formula, Rx1 and Rx2 each independently represents an alkyl group, Lx is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, Gx1 is an alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms, Gx2 is an alkyl group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, Gx3 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a Gx4-CO—NH— group or a Gx5-N(Gx6)-CO—group, Gx5 and Gx6 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and Qx1, Qx2, Qx3, Qx4 and Qx5 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. An electrophotographic toner containing the compound is also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a novel electrochemical display element which performs bright white display, high contrast black/white display and full-color display with a simple member configuration. A method for driving such display element is also provided. The display element contains an electrochromic compound, which is colored or has its color disappear due to oxidation or reduction, a metallic salt compound, an electrolyte and a white scattered material, between opposing electrodes. The display element substantially performs multiple color display of three colors or more, i.e., black display, white display and colored display other than black, by driving operation of the opposing electrodes.

Abstract: A copper complex compound represented by Formula (1) is disclosed. in the formula, groups represented by R is a substituent, n is an integer of from 1 to 5 and the total carbon number contained in (R)n is 14 or more. A toner for electrophotography containing the compound is also disclosed.

Abstract: A copper complex compound represented by Formula (1) is disclosed. in the formula, groups represented by R is a substituent, n is an integer of from 1 to 5 and the total carbon number contained in (R) n is 14 or more. A toner for electrophotography containing the compound is also disclosed.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an electrophotographic toner is disclosed. The method includes steps of dispersing the minute colored particles having a volume average particle diameter of D1 in the toner binder resin, the toner particle satisfies formula of 3=D2/D1>1, wherein D2 is an average diameter of dye cloud formed by the colored particles in the toner particle.

Abstract: An electrophotographic toner which achieves superior coloring without exhibiting any difficulty in dispersibility in thermoplastic resin while exhibiting improved characteristics, is disclosed, comprising a thermoplastic resin and a metal chelate dye contained in the thermoplastic resin and represented by the following formula: M(L1)(L2)n(X1)m(X2)1.W1 Image forming method by use of the toner is also disclosed.

Abstract: A display element containing at least 1 type of electrochromic compound, which is reversibly subjected to coloration or decoloration by at least either of electrochromic oxidation and reduction reaction, and an electrolyte between a pair of a display electrode and an opposed electrode; and undergoing a color tone change by an electrode driving operation, wherein a compound represented by following Formula (1) is held on the opposed electrode.

Abstract: Provided is a novel electrochemical display element which performs bright white display, high contrast black/white display and full-color display with a simple member configuration. A method for driving such display element is also provided. The display element contains an electrochromic compound, which is colored or has its color disappear due to oxidation or reduction, a metallic salt compound, an electrolyte and a white scattered material, between opposing electrodes. The display element substantially performs multiple color display of three colors or more, i.e., black display, white display and colored display other than black, by driving operation of the opposing electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention is to realize supercooled freezing as a method of enhancing the quality of frozen food with a simple arrangement by a method other than quick freezing. Further, the present invention is to obtain a refrigerator and a frozen food preservation method capable of realizing high quality freezing by a simple arrangement. The refrigerator, which stores food making use of the cold air generated by a cooler 3, includes a supercooling case 81 for keeping the stored food in a supercooled state, in which the food is not frozen even at a temperature equal to or less than the freezing point of the food, for at least a predetermined period of time. The supercooling case 81 is composed of, for example, a lower case of two-stage type upper and lower cases disposed in a switching chamber 200 capable of being switched to a plurality of temperature zones.

Abstract: A method for producing an electrophotographic toner comprising the steps of: (1) mixing a water-insoluble organic solvent, an oil-soluble dye capable of chelating with a metal, a metal compound and water to form an oil-soluble dye dispersion, (2) removing the organic solvent from the oil-soluble dye dispersion to form colored microscopic particles, and (3) adding an emulsion thermoplastic resin to the colored microscopic particles so as to associate the particles with slow coagulation.