Abstract: A novel ionic liquid is provided. A highly safe secondary battery with high charge and discharge capacity is provided. The ionic liquid includes a cation represented by General Formula (G1) and an anion represented by Structural Formula (200). In the formula, X1 to X3 each independently represent any one of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine. One of X1 to X3 may be hydrogen. In addition, n and m each independently represent 0 to 5. Furthermore, a secondary battery including the above-described ionic liquid is provided.

Abstract: A technique capable of certainly suppressing adhesion of waste ink to hands, clothes, and the like during replacement of a waste ink tank is provided. There are included a container portion provided with an insertion port which a discharge member discharging waste ink can be inserted into and pulled out from and a shielding portion movable between a shielding position where the insertion port is shielded and an open position where the insertion port is opened.

Abstract: A secondary battery with little deterioration is provided. A secondary battery with high safety is provided. A separator having excellent characteristics is provided. A separator achieving the secondary battery with high safety is provided. A novel separator is provided. In the separator, a polymer porous film and a layer including a ceramic-based material containing a metal oxide microparticle are stacked, the thickness of the layer including a ceramic-based material is greater than or equal to 1 ?m and less than or equal to 100 ?m, and the film thickness of the polymer porous film is greater than or equal to 4 ?m and less than or equal to 50 ?m.

Abstract: A heavy-duty pneumatic tire includes a carcass ply including a main portion extending between bead cores and a pair of turn-up portions, a first reinforcing layer of a steel cord disposed in each bead portion in a U-shaped manner, and a second reinforcing layer of an organic fiber cord disposed in each bead portion and at least a part of the second reinforcing layer extending in a radial direction of the tire at an axially outward location of the first reinforcing layer. The second reinforcing layer includes an axially inner second ply and an outer second ply. The outer second ply has an inner end positioned below the bead core. The inner second ply has an inner end located axially inward of the inner end of the outer second ply, and has a substantially same length as the outer second ply in a tire cross-section.

Abstract: In a chromatogram mass spectrometer's data processing system, if the intensity of a target peak originating from a target component at a target mass-to-charge ratio is equal to or higher than a threshold, the mass-to-charge ratio of a peak having a signal intensity lower than the threshold on the mass spectrum corresponding to the point in time where the target peak appears is designated as a correction mass-to-charge ratio. A mass spectrum at a point in time in the target peak where the signal intensity does not exceed the threshold is acquired. A sensitivity factor is calculated by dividing the strength at the target mass to-charge ratio on this mass spectrum by the strength at the correction mass to-charge ratio on the same spectrum. A mass chromatogram at the correction mass-to-charge ratio is created. This mass chromatogram is multiplied by the sensitivity factor to create a corrected mass chromatogram.

Abstract: A tire 2 includes a pair of beads 12 and a carcass 14. A core 28 of each bead 12 includes a body 34 having a hexagonal cross-section, and a cover 36 covering the body 34. The cover 36 is wrapped around the body 34, and the number of turns the cover 36 is wrapped around the body 34 is greater than or equal to one and smaller than two. The cover 36 includes a plain weave fabric obtained by interlacing warp threads 72 and weft threads 74. The warp threads 72 and the weft threads 74 intersect. An angle of the intersection is greater than or equal to 45° and not greater than 125°. The warp threads 72 are inclined relative to a carcass cord 70. An angle of the inclination is greater than or equal to 22.5° and not greater than 67.5°.

Abstract: A heavy duty pneumatic tire includes a tread portion provided with a plurality of circumferentially extending main grooves and a plurality of land portions separated by the main grooves. The land portions include a shoulder land portion with a tread edge, a first middle land portion adjacent to the shoulder land portion, and a second middle land portion adjacent to the first middle land portion. The shoulder land portion is formed into a circumferentially continuous rib. The first middle land portion is formed into a row of first middle blocks separated by a plurality of first middle lateral grooves. The second middle land portion is formed into a row of second middle blocks separated by a plurality of second middle lateral grooves. Each first middle block has a circumferential length greater than that of each second middle block.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a tread portion provided with a land portion with a plurality of lateral grooves extending across the land portion. Each lateral groove includes a main portion with a width equal to or more than 2.0 mm and a sipe portion extending radially inwardly from a bottom of the main portion. The main portion includes a first wall located on a first side in a circumferential direction and a second wall located on a second side in the circumferential direction. The sipe portion includes a first sipe wall located on the first side and a second sipe wall located on the second side. The lateral grooves include a first lateral groove having the first wall being continuous to the first sipe wall smoothly and a second lateral groove having the second wall being continuous to the second sipe wall smoothly.

Abstract: A heavy duty pneumatic tire includes a tread portion provided with a zigzag central main groove having zigzag pitches of from 40 to 50. The central main groove includes a bottom and a pair of groove walls. Each groove wall includes a bottom side steep sloped portion and a top side gentle sloped portion. The steep sloped portion includes a height of from 10% to 35% of a depth of the central main groove and an angle of from 0 to 10 degrees with respect to a tire normal line of a tread ground-contact surface. The gentle sloped portion extends radially outwardly from the steep sloped portion. Each groove wall includes an internal corner protruding and an external corner, and the angle of the gentle sloped portion decreases in a range of from 15 to 25 degrees from the internal corner toward the external corner.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a tread portion provided with at least one zigzag main groove extending continuously in a circumferential direction of the tire with a plurality of zigzag corners. The main groove includes a groove bottom and a pair of groove edges. The groove bottom extends in a zigzag manner in the circumferential direction of the tire with a first amplitude. The groove bottom has a width varying periodically so that a maximum width portion and a minimum width portion appear in turn at the zigzag corners. Each of the groove edges extends in a zigzag manner in the circumferential direction of the tire with a second amplitude, wherein the first amplitude is greater than the second amplitude.

Abstract: A heavy duty tire has a carcass extending from a tread portion to a bead core in a bead portion through a sidewall portion, and a belt layer disposed on the outside of the carcass in the tire radial direction and on the inside of the tread portion. In a state in which a distance between a pair of bead heels is kept at 110% of a wheel rim width of a standard wheel rim and no inner pressure is applied, the contour shape of the tread portion is formed by a 1st circular arc having a center on the tire equatorial plane, and a pair of 2nd circular arcs, disposed on both outsides of the 1st circular arc in the tire axial direction. The radius of the 2nd circular arc is more than the radius R1 of the 1st circular arc. One 2nd circular arc has the center on the other 2nd circular arc side of the tire equator in the tire axial direction, and the other 2nd circular arc has the center on the one 2nd circular arc side of the tire equator in the tire axial direction.

Abstract: A tire 2 includes a pair of beads 12 and a carcass 14. A core 28 of each bead 12 includes a body 34 having a hexagonal cross-section, and a cover 36 covering the body 34. The cover 36 is wrapped around the body 34, and the number of turns the cover 36 is wrapped around the body 34 is greater than or equal to one and smaller than two. The cover 36 includes a plain weave fabric obtained by interlacing warp threads 72 and weft threads 74. The warp threads 72 and the weft threads 74 intersect. An angle of the intersection is greater than or equal to 45° and not greater than 125°. The warp threads 72 are inclined relative to a carcass cord 70. An angle of the inclination is greater than or equal to 22.5° and not greater than 67.5°.

Abstract: A heavy duty pneumatic tire includes a tread portion provided with at least one circumferentially extending main groove, at least one circumferentially extending sub groove, and a plurality of lateral grooves to form repeated pitch elements each of which consists of one lateral groove and a block element. The sub groove includes a shallow bottom part with a depth smaller than that of the main groove. The shallow bottom part of the sub groove is provided with a groove bottom sipe. The lateral grooves include a shallow bottom part with a depth smaller than that of the main groove. The shallow bottom part of the lateral groove is provided with a groove bottom sipe. The lateral grooves have groove widths W2 in a range of from 5% to 15% in relation to a circumferential length L1 of the pitch element.

Abstract: A heavy duty tire includes a tread portion provided with a pair of circumferential main grooves including at least one zigzag groove, lateral grooves extending between the main grooves to form center blocks therebetween, and lug grooves. Each lug groove includes an axially inner portion connecting to the zigzag groove while curving toward a first circumferential direction of the tire. The lug groove has a first groove edge disposed on a side of the first circumferential direction and a second groove edge facing against the first groove edge. The first groove edge is connected to an axially outer groove edge of the zigzag groove. The second groove edge is connected to an axially inner groove edge of the zigzag groove. The lug groove includes a constant groove width, and a groove-bottom width smoothly decreasing axially inward from the tread edge.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire comprises a tread portion provided with a center main groove on the tire equator and a shoulder main groove on each side of the center main groove. The center main groove and the shoulder main groove extend zigzag and continuously in the tire circumferential direction so that a crown land portion defined between the center main groove and the shoulder main groove has an axial width alternately increasing and decreasing along the tire circumferential direction. The crown land portion is provided with a shallow crown circumferential groove extending zigzag and continuously in the tire circumferential direction, and crown sipes extending from the center main groove to the shoulder main groove across the shallow crown circumferential groove. Zigzag apexes of the shallow crown circumferential groove are respectively positioned between the crown sipes.

Abstract: In a chromatogram mass spectrometer's data processing system, if the intensity of a target peak originating from a target component at a target mass-to-charge ratio is equal to or higher than a threshold, the mass-to-charge ratio of a peak having a signal intensity lower than the threshold on the mass spectrum corresponding to the point in time where the target peak appears is designated as a correction mass-to-charge ratio. A mass spectrum at a point in time in the target peak where the signal intensity does not exceed the threshold is acquired. A sensitivity factor is calculated by dividing the strength at the target mass to-charge ratio on this mass spectrum by the strength at the correction mass to-charge ratio on the same spectrum. A mass chromatogram at the correction mass-to-charge ratio is created. This mass chromatogram is multiplied by the sensitivity factor to create a corrected mass chromatogram.

Abstract: A heavy duty pneumatic tire includes a tread portion provided with a zigzag central main groove having zigzag pitches of from 40 to 50. The central main groove includes a bottom and a pair of groove walls. Each groove wall includes a bottom side steep sloped portion and a top side gentle sloped portion. The steep sloped portion includes a height of from 10% to 35% of a depth of the central main groove and an angle of from 0 to 10 degrees with respect to a tire normal line of a tread ground-contact surface. The gentle sloped portion extends radially outwardly from the steep sloped portion. Each groove wall includes an internal corner protruding and an external corner, and the angle of the gentle sloped portion decreases in a range of from 15 to 25 degrees from the internal corner toward the external corner.

Abstract: A heavy-duty pneumatic tire includes a carcass ply including a main portion extending between bead cores and a pair of turn-up portions, a first reinforcing layer of a steel cord disposed in each bead portion in a U-shaped manner, and a second reinforcing layer of an organic fiber cord disposed in each bead portion and at least a part of the second reinforcing layer extending in a radial direction of the tire at an axially outward location of the first reinforcing layer. The second reinforcing layer includes an axially inner second ply and an outer second ply. The outer second ply has an inner end positioned below the bead core. The inner second ply has an inner end located axially inward of the inner end of the outer second ply, and has a substantially same length as the outer second ply in a tire cross-section.

Abstract: A heavy duty pneumatic tire includes a tread portion provided with a plurality of circumferentially extending main grooves and a plurality of land portions separated by the main grooves. The land portions include a shoulder land portion with a tread edge, a first middle land portion adjacent to the shoulder land portion, and a second middle land portion adjacent to the first middle land portion. The shoulder land portion is formed into a circumferentially continuous rib. The first middle land portion is formed into a row of first middle blocks separated by a plurality of first middle lateral grooves. The second middle land portion is formed into a row of second middle blocks separated by a plurality of second middle lateral grooves. Each first middle block has a circumferential length greater than that of each second middle block.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a tread portion provided with a land portion with a plurality of lateral grooves extending across the land portion. Each lateral groove includes a main portion with a width equal to or more than 2.0 mm and a sipe portion extending radially inwardly from a bottom of the main portion. The main portion includes a first wall located on a first side in a circumferential direction and a second wall located on a second side in the circumferential direction. The sipe portion includes a first sipe wall located on the first side and a second sipe wall located on the second side. The lateral grooves include a first lateral groove having the first wall being continuous to the first sipe wall smoothly and a second lateral groove having the second wall being continuous to the second sipe wall smoothly.