Abstract: For an easy calibration using calibration particles, provided is a measuring device to capture images of target objects. An image analyzer acquires multiple images obtained at a predetermined time interval, (a) specifies the mean-square displacement of a bright point of a calibration particle based on the displacement of the bright point of the calibration particle in the multiple images in a calibration mode, and (b) specifies the mean-square displacement of a bright point of the target particle based on the displacement of the bright point of the target particle in the multiple images in a measurement mode. A particle size analyzer (c) derives the particle size of the target particle from the mean-square displacement of the bright point of the target particle based on the mean-square displacement of the bright point of the calibration particle and the particle size of the calibration particle in an analysis mode.

Abstract: Provided is a particle measurement device in which irradiation light emitted by a light source is expanded by an expander in a shape satisfying the requirements of a diffractive optical element, converted into parallel light, and made to enter the diffractive optical element. The diffractive optical element shapes the irradiation light entering therein into a flat top beam in which the cross section in the focal position thereof has an elongate rectangle shape. The intensity distribution of light can be made substantially uniform in a detection area formed by the shaped irradiation light.

Abstract: A flow passage is irradiated with irradiation light, and light scattered from a particle contained in a sample passing through a detection region that is formed in a prescribed section is condensed at a position obtained by extending the prescribed section in a flow direction of the sample and captured at a prescribed frame rate. Then movement amount of the particle due to Brownian motion in directions perpendicular to the flow direction on the basis of captured plural frame images. Furthermore, a particle size of the particle is determined by correcting the movement amount using correction values that were obtained in advance corresponding to each of defocus positions for correcting errors of movement amount in the images caused by magnification.

Abstract: For an easy calibration using calibration particles, provided is a measuring device to capture images of target objects. An image analyzer acquires multiple images obtained at a predetermined time interval, (a) specifies the mean-square displacement of a bright point of a calibration particle based on the displacement of the bright point of the calibration particle in the multiple images in a calibration mode, and (b) specifies the mean-square displacement of a bright point of the target particle based on the displacement of the bright point of the target particle in the multiple images in a measurement mode. A particle size analyzer (c) derives the particle size of the target particle from the mean-square displacement of the bright point of the target particle based on the mean-square displacement of the bright point of the calibration particle and the particle size of the calibration particle in an analysis mode.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a particle measuring method is disclosed. The method includes irradiating a detection liquid with light. The detection liquid contains methyl salicylate. The method further includes converting scattered light from the detection liquid into an electric signal by using photoelectric conversion after irradiating the detection liquid with the light. The method further includes performing a particle measurement on the detection liquid by using the electric signal.

Abstract: Provided is a particle measuring device and a particle measuring method for measuring a particle size with favorable accuracy. A flow cell (1) includes a flow passage (1a) of sample fluid. An irradiation optical system (3) irradiates, with light from a light source (2), the sample fluid in the flow passage (1a). An imaging unit (4) captures, from an extension direction of the flow passage (1a), an image of scattered light from the particle in a detection region in the flow passage (1a), the light passing through the detection region. A particle size specifying unit specifies a movement amount of the particle in a two-dimensional direction by Brownian motion based on multiple still images of a particle image captured at a predetermined frame rate by the imaging unit (4), thereby specifying the particle size of the particle from the movement amount in the two-dimensional direction.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a particle measuring method is disclosed. The method includes irradiating a detection liquid with light. The detection liquid contains methyl salicylate. The method further includes converting scattered light from the detection liquid into an electric signal by using photoelectric conversion after irradiating the detection liquid with the light. The method further includes performing a particle measurement on the detection liquid by using the electric signal.

Abstract: Provided is a particle measuring device and a particle measuring method for measuring a particle size with favorable accuracy. A flow cell (1) includes a flow passage (1a) of sample fluid. An irradiation optical system (3) irradiates, with light from a light source (2), the sample fluid in the flow passage (1a). An imaging unit (4) captures, from an extension direction of the flow passage (1a), an image of scattered light from the particle in a detection region in the flow passage (1a), the light passing through the detection region. A particle size specifying unit specifies a movement amount of the particle in a two-dimensional direction by Brownian motion based on multiple still images of a particle image captured at a predetermined frame rate by the imaging unit (4), thereby specifying the particle size of the particle from the movement amount in the two-dimensional direction.

Abstract: A flow cell 1 is provided with a flow channel 2 which has rounded corners 3 in section. A measuring sample under high pressure is introduced into the flow channel 2 formed in the flow cell 1 and particles existing in the measuring sample are measured. The measuring sample is in a liquid phase, a gaseous phase or a super critical phase above 1 MPa.

Abstract: A flow cell 1 is provided with a flow channel 2 which has rounded corners 3 in section. A measuring sample under high pressure is introduced into the flow channel 2 formed in the flow cell 1 and particles existing in the measuring sample are measured. The measuring sample is in a liquid phase, a gaseous phase or a super critical phase above 1 MPa.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing a polishing solution composed of pure water and abrasive grains, the apparatus including a preparation tank to prepare a polishing solution containing abrasive grains at a predetermined concentration, by mixing an abrasive grain-containing slurry and pure water, and a circulation device for circulating the thus prepared polishing solution to keep the solution in a suspended state. The circulation device includes a circulation conduit and a flow-controllable bypass conduit fluidly associated with the circulation conduit providing a constant flow rate and having a light-extinction type particle detector for monitoring the polishing solution so as to detect large abrasive grains having a particle size not less than a predetermined value and measure the number of the large abrasive grains.

Abstract: A clutch control device of a continuously variable transmission is provided with a clutch control part, which controls the engagement state of a clutch. The minimum engaging force, which is capable of maintaining the completely engaged state of the clutch, is predetermined to increase according to an increase in engine torque. The clutch control unit has an engaging force setting part, which sets the target engaging force for the clutch to a higher value than the minimum engaging force by a predetermined value. The clutch control unit controls the engagement state of the clutch so that the actual engaging force for the clutch can be higher than the minimum engaging force by the predetermined value. Therefore, the clutch control device can improve the fuel economy and prevent a shift shock when there is a rapid increase in the engine torque.

Abstract: A shift control system of a hydraulic CVT for an automotive vehicle with which it is possible to control a speed ratio to a target value with certainty while maintaining a required primary pressure, even when the vehicle is substantially stationary. Normally, a speed feedback control means sets a target speed of a rotating element on the basis of the vehicle speed and the load on the vehicle engine. The speed feedback control means feedback-controls a hydraulic pressure control means of the rotating element so that the actual speed approaches the target speed. When the vehicle becomes substantially stationary, control of the hydraulic pressure control means is switched from the speed feedback control executed by the speed feedback control means to pressure feedback control executed by a pressure feedback control means. That is, the actual hydraulic pressure acting on the rotating element is detected by a hydraulic pressure detecting means.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing a polishing solution mainly comprising pure water and abrasive grains, which apparatus comprises:

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission that can provide a sufficient engine braking during a downhill running time with neither complicating the control nor inviting an increase in the program capacity is established. In a gear ratio control system 60 for gear ratios in the continuously variable transmission coupled to an engine, setting means 51 to 55 set a target speed of an input unit 21 of the continuously variable transmission during the downhill running time on the basis of a target output of the engine. Control means 56 controls the gear ratios of the continuously variable transmission so that the real speed of the input unit 21 may become the target speed of the input unit 21.

Abstract: A clutch control device of a continuously variable transmission is provided with a clutch control part, which controls the engagement state of a clutch. The minimum engaging force, which is capable of maintaining the completely engaged state of the clutch, is predetermined to increase according to an increase in engine torque. The clutch control unit has an engaging force setting part, which sets the target engaging force for the clutch to a higher value than the minimum engaging force by a predetermined value. The clutch control unit controls the engagement state of the clutch so that the actual engaging force for the clutch can be higher than the minimum engaging force by the predetermined value. Therefore, the clutch control device can improve the fuel economy and prevent a shift shock when there is a rapid increase in the engine torque.

Abstract: A degree of sporty driving, or degree of load on tires of a vehicle, is detected based on a usage degree of tire performance. A horizontal force exerted on a tire is calculated and estimated based on longitudinal acceleration and lateral acceleration. Then a ratio, of the horizontal force to a maximum limit gripping force of the tire, is determined to enable detection of the load on a tire at all times.

Abstract: A control section for controlling a gearshift position changeover mechanism of an automatic transmission includes a downshift determination section for determining whether or not a downshift on descending roads is required, and a downshift command section for outputting a downshift command signal when it is determined that downshift is necessary. The downshift determination section is provided with a learning correction section for effecting a learning correction of a determination reference based on a manipulation characteristic of a driver immediately after completion of downshift each time a downshift takes place.

Abstract: A speed change control method controls changeover between gearshift positions of an automotive automatic transmission using a detected running condition parameter and a detected degree of necessity of engine braking. The degree of necessity of engine braking is detected using a neural network receiving the detected parameter as an input. Then, a shift pattern is preferably selected by fuzzy inference based on the detected parameter and degree of necessity of engine braking.

Abstract: A highly-viscous material coating apparatus for use, e.g. in an automobile coating process, to coat a joint of a workpiece, may be mounted on a robot. It provides improved operation where the workpiece provides a reference surface parallel to the joint, where the workpiece provides a reference surface displaced from the joint at varying distances along the length of the joint, and where the workpiece provides no reference surface. Where a reference surface is available, an extendable spring-biased guide pin of the apparatus moves along the reference surface, and any positional errors are compensated-for by action of the spring. If the distance between the reference surface and the joint varies, the varying distance may be compensated for by various disclosed practices. The apparatus also can be used where no reference surface is provided by retracting the guide pin with respect to the nozzle and by controlling the robot so as to direct the nozzle to the joint.