Abstract: A metal connection member including a Mg alloy member composed principally of magnesium, a partner member connected to the Mg alloy member, the partner member being composed principally of a metal nobler than magnesium, and a chemical conversion treatment film that covers a surface of the Mg alloy member and a surface of the partner member with covering a boundary between the Mg alloy member and the partner member.

Abstract: An optical apparatus includes: a semiconductor optical device integrating an optical coupler, an optical element, and an electrical circuit; and a printed circuit board including a main body and a metal piece. The body has first and second openings. The first opening, the metal piece and the second opening are arranged in a direction of a first axis. The first and second openings extend from the front and back faces of the body along the direction to the first and second faces of the metal piece, respectively. The metal piece is supported by the body. The semiconductor optical device is mounted on the first face of the metal piece in the first opening. The body has a supporting face connecting the first side of the first opening with the second side of the second opening and supporting the second face of the metal piece in the first opening.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes a main body of laminate structures, and a metal piece. The main body has a first opening and a second opening. The metal piece is held by the laminate structures of the main body. The metal piece has a first face and a second face opposite to the first face. The first opening and the second opening respectively extend to the first face and the second face of the metal piece. A semiconductor optical device can be mounted on the first face of the metal piece, in the first opening.

Abstract: An optical apparatus includes: a semiconductor optical device integrating an optical coupler, an optical element, and an electrical circuit; and a printed circuit board including a main body and a metal piece. The body has first and second openings. The first opening, the metal piece and the second opening are arranged in a direction of a first axis. The first and second openings extend from the front and back faces of the body along the direction to the first and second faces of the metal piece, respectively. The metal piece is supported by the body. The semiconductor optical device is mounted on the first face of the metal piece in the first opening. The body has a supporting face connecting the first side of the first opening with the second side of the second opening and supporting the second face of the metal piece in the first opening.

Abstract: An optical apparatus includes: a semiconductor optical device integrating optical couplers, an optical element for processing a light beam associated with each of the optical couplers, and a circuit for processing an electrical signal associated with the optical element; a printed circuit board electrically connected with the semiconductor optical device, the printed circuit board including a main body and a metal piece, the main body having a first opening and a second opening, and the metal piece being held by the main body; and a first electrical component mounted on the printed circuit board. The metal piece has a first face and a second face opposite to the first face, the first opening and the second opening extend to the first face and the second face of the metal piece. The semiconductor optical device is mounted on the first face of the metal piece in the first opening.