Abstract: There is provided a virtual ground type nonvolatile semiconductor storage device capable of effectively suppressing a leak current to the adjacent cell and thereby achieving high-speed read. During read operation, a ground potential GND is applied to a bit line SBL5 connected to the source region of one memory cell transistor MC04 subjected to read. Moreover, a read drain bias potential Vread is applied to a bit line SBL4 connected to the drain region of the memory cell transistor MC04. A bit line SBL3 connected to the drain region of a first adjacent memory cell transistor MC03 is put into a floating state. A potential Vdb equal to the read drain bias potential Vread is applied to a bit line SBL2 connected to the drain region of a second adjacent memory cell transistor MC02.

Abstract: An information recording apparatus (SS1) is provided with: a signal process device (72) for dividing record information (R) to be recorded into a pluralities partial record informations including at least video information, for applying a predetermined signal process to each of the partial record informations to thereby output processed partial record information (Sr, 42, 43, 44), and for generating and outputting, on the basis of control information (Si) which is inputted from the external to control a reproduction of the record information, additional information (Sac, 64: PGCI) including still time information (66E) indicative of a time for performing a still picture reproduction of a final picture of each of the partial record informations which is a picture included in each of the partial record informations at a final portion thereof after reproducing each of the partial record informations, at a time of reproducing the record information, the still time information being set for each of the partial rec

Abstract: An information record medium is provided with: substantial information including video information and audio information which are related to each other; first reproduction control information to simultaneously reproduce the video information and the audio information out of the substantial information; and second reproduction control information to reproduce only the audio information out of the substantial information.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to prevent dazzlement from being caused by beams of light directly emitted from a light source, without requiring any bulky component member. A vehicular headlamp 1 comprises a light source 7, a reflector 6, a cut-line forming shade 9 for forming a cut line, and a condenser lens 8. The cut-line forming shade cuts off some beams of light emitted from the light source and reflected by the reflector and forms shaped beams of light. The condenser lens projects the shaped beams of light forwards and radiates them according to a light distribution pattern. An opening is formed between the condenser lens and the reflector. A dazzling-light cutting shade 15 for cutting off beams of light emitted toward a region above the light distribution pattern is disposed between the light source and the opening.

Abstract: An information recording apparatus (SS1) is provided with: a signal process device (72) for dividing record information (R) to be recorded into a plurality of partial record informations including at least video information, for applying a predetermined signal process to each of the partial record informations to thereby output processed partial record information (Sr, 42, 43, 44), and for generating and outputting, on the basis of control information (Si) which is inputted from the external to control a reproduction of the record information, additional information (Sac, 64: PGCI) including still time information (66E) indicative of a time for performing a still picture reproduction of a final picture of each of the partial record informations which is a picture included in each of the partial record informations at a final portion thereof after reproducing each of the partial record informations, at a time of reproducing the record information, the still time information being set for each of the partial re

Abstract: An information record medium (1: DVD) has a record track recorded with record information to be reproduced by an information reproducing apparatus (S2). The information reproducing apparatus is provided with a read device (80), and performs a reproduction while moving the read device along the record track at a predetermined reading linear velocity. the record information is divided into a plurality of first data groups (30: VOBU), each of which is a unit able to be accessed by the information reproducing apparatus, recorded on the record track. Lowest reading rate information (212) indicates a minimum requirement of a reading rate for the information reproducing apparatus to reproduce a reproduction unit, which comprises at least one of the first data groups and which is to be reproduced by the information reproducing apparatus such that a sequential logical meaning of the reproduction unit is continuous.

Abstract: In order to provide technical information necessary for the production of L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) by utilizing genetic engineering techniques, the structural gene for PAL and the amino acid sequence of PAL have been elucidated in Rhodosporidium toruloides, and novel recombinant DNA plasmids (e.g., pSW101, pYtrp6 and pKY201) have been created by inserting a DNA strand coding for the PAL gene between the 3′-terminus of the promoter region and the 5′-terminus of the terminator region. Moreover, transformants having such a novel recombinant DNA plasmid have been created, and a process for the production of PAL by growing such a novel transformant so as to cause PAL to be produced and accumulated in the culture has been established. Furthermore, there has been established a novel technique for the production of L-phenylalanine by reacting an ammonia donor with cinnamic acid in the presence of the PAL prepared by the aforesaid novel process.

Abstract: A vehicle headlamp including a reflector and a light-source bulb installed in the reflector so that the bulb supporting portion of the light-source bulb is slid and fitted on the inner peripheral surface of an annular wall formed in the rear end of the reflector in a cylindrical shape. A plurality of notches are formed through the annular cylindrical wall so as to be positioned in front of the bulb supporting portion of the light-source bulb, thus allowing the heat inside the reflector to escape to the outside through the notches and avoiding the reflector from being heated to a high temperature.

Abstract: An information recording medium has: a plurality of audio information which are independent of each other; and a plurality of reproducing control information to be used for reproducing the audio information. Each of the plurality of reproducing control information is assigned to any one of the plurality of audio information. The reproducing control information includes double reproducing control information. The double reproducing control information is assigned to one of the plurality of audio information to which different one of the plurality of reproducing control information has been assigned.

Abstract: An information recording apparatus (SS1) is provided with: a signal process device (72) for applying a predetermined signal process to record information (R), which is to be recorded onto an information record medium (1: DVD) and is inputted from the external, to output processed record information (Sr), and for dividing control information (Si), which corresponds to the record information and is inputted from the external, into search control information (Sdsi, DSI), which is information to search a record position of the record information to be reproduced at a time of reproducing the record information, and reproduction display control information (Spci, PCI), which is information to control a reproduced display of the record information at the time of reproducing the record information, to output the search control information and the reproduction display control information; a multiplex device (75, 76) for multiplexing the processed record information, the search control information and the reproduction

Abstract: There is provided a nonvolatile semiconductor storage device capable of securing sufficient read accuracy without providing superfluous sense time margin when there are variations in temperature and transistor characteristics. This nonvolatile semiconductor storage device includes a reference cell 2 whose threshold value is preparatorily set to a value between a lower limit of a threshold voltage distribution in a state 0 in which nonvolatile memory cells MC00 through MC12 have a high threshold value and an upper limit of a threshold voltage distribution in a state 1 in which the memory cells have a low threshold value. When the characteristics of the nonvolatile memory cells MC00 through MC12 shift due to the influence of a change in temperature or the like, the characteristics of the reference cell 2 shift so as to follow this characteristic shift.

Abstract: An information record medium (1) is provided with: an audio information recording area on which a plurality of audio information (210) which are different in recording method are recorded; and a control information recording area on which control information (211) required to reproduce the plurality of audio information recorded on the audio information recording area is recorded. The control information recorded on the control information recording area includes identification information indicating that the plurality of audio information are same in content and different in recording method with each other. The control information may include a plurality of first division information for identifying first division units (260) respectively so as to divide each of the plurality of audio information recorded on the audio information recording area by the first division units respectively.

Abstract: A shade for screening part of reflected light from a light source is rotated between a low beam and a high beam positions providing a different amount of screened light. The beam switching device comprises a tension coil spring for elastically biasing the shade toward the low beam position and a solenoid constructed to press against the shade against the elastic biasing force of the tension coil spring so that the shade rotates to reach the high beam position. The solenoid is constructed to simply press against the shade. The beam switching device can be assembled to a reflector unit only by disposing the solenoid and the tension coil spring at predetermined positions, respectively.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved electronic image printing method, which uses a fourfold-laminated sheet B comprising a substrate, a mold-release layer, an adhesive layer and a milk white layer joined on top of each other in the order named, and a triple-laminated sheet A comprising a substrate, a mold-release layer and a resin layer joined on top of each other in the order named, thereby permitting a white letter or pattern to be printed on a piece of colored cloth. The adhesive layer may be selected to be appropriate for sticking fast to the material of which an article to be printed is made.

Abstract: A case developing machine 1 comprises a case unloading device 3 that unloads a closed case 10 from a case stacking station 2, a case opening device 4 that opens and develops an unloaded case 10, and an insertion space forming device 5 that forms an insertion space of rhombic cross section for a title sheet between a case body 11 and a cover 12. The case opening device 4 includes a suction cup 47 holding the back of a case 10, at least one pair of suction cups 43, 44 holding the front face and the rear face of a case 10, respectively, and a pair of claw members 45, 46 engaging with the end face of a case body 11. The insertion space forming device 5 includes a pair of contact members 51 that maintain the opened case body 11 in the reversed V-shaped cross section, and a suction cup 52 that maintains the cover 12 in the general V-shaped cross section.

Abstract: A booklet inserting machine (1) includes a suction cup (3) for holding and unloading a booklet (B) on the top of a stack of booklets at a stacking station (2), a gripping device (4) to grip the booklet (B) unloaded by the suction cup (3), and a transferring device to transfer the gripping device (4) along with the gripped booklet (B) toward a case (10) to insert the booklet (B) into an engagement claw (14) of the case (10).

Abstract: Preformatted areas in at least the most distal recording layer from an object lens among a plurality of recording layers in an optical disc include guard areas at both ends of the respective recording layer in the tracing direction. No data is recorded on the guard areas.

Abstract: An information recording apparatus (SS1) is provided with: a signal process device (72) for applying a predetermined signal process to record information (R), which is to be recorded onto an information record medium (1: DVD) and is inputted from the external, to output processed record information (Sr), and for dividing control information (Si), which corresponds to the record information and is inputted from the external, into search control information (Sdsi, DSI), which is information to search a record position of the record information to be reproduced at a time of reproducing the record information, and reproduction display control information (Spci, PCI), which is information to control a reproduced display of the record information at the time of reproducing the record information, to output the search control information and the reproduction display control information; a multiplex device (75, 76) for multiplexing the processed record information, the search control information and the reproduction

Abstract: An information recording medium has: a plurality of audio information which are independent of each other; and a plurality of reproducing control information to be used for reproducing the audio information. Each of the plurality of reproducing control information is assigned to any one of the plurality of audio information. The reproducing control information includes double reproducing control information. The double reproducing control information is assigned to one of the plurality of audio information to which different one of the plurality of reproducing control information has been assigned.

Abstract: An information storage medium includes: a video zone for recording audio/video information including video information and audio information associated with the video information; an audio zone for recording audio information; first navigation information for a video player which can reproduce the audio/video information; second navigation information for an audio player which can reproduce the audio information in the video zone and the audio information in the audio zone; and third navigation information for a compatible player which can reproduce both the audio/video information and the audio information. The first navigation information, the second navigation information and the third navigation information are recorded separately from each other.