Abstract: A catalyst for the production of synthesis gas or hydrogen from aqueous methanol by dissociation or steam reforming. The catalyst contains:(A) a noble metal component of one or more elements of the Group VIII of the Periodic Table on an oxide carrier which comprises(B.sub.1) TiO.sub.2 and/or CeO.sub.2, singly or in admixture with other thermo-resistant metal oxides and/or binders or(B.sub.2) TiO.sub.2 and/or CeO.sub.2 on the surface of a preformed, thermo-resistant carrier and(B.sub.3) ZrO.sub.2 or La.sub.2 O.sub.3 in weight concentrations of about 1 to 20% by weight.The concentration of hydrogen or of carbon monoxide may be controlled by monitoring the concentration of steam utilized in the inlet feed.

Abstract: Process for the treatment of liquids consisting mainly of methanol as fuels for mobile or stationary combustion engines or as hydrogen sources for fuel cells, which comprises passing the methanol mixture through a reaction chamber containing a noble metal supported catalyst for the catalytic decomposition or steam reforming of methanol, which is composed of: (A) a noble metal component of one or more elements of Group VIII of the Periodic Table on a carrier material which comprises, (B.sub.1) TiO.sub.2 or CeO.sub.2, singly or in admixture with other refractory metallic oxides and/or binders, or (B.sub.2) TiO.sub.2 or CeO.sub.2, applied to the surface of a preformed refractory carrier.

Abstract: Catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of multi-unsaturated organic compounds, in particular of diolefins and dienes in mixtures with other hydrocarbons; the catalyst is characterized by(A) a metal component from one or more elements of Group VIII of the Periodic Table on(B) a support material on the basis(b.sub.1) of one or more n-semiconducting oxides of one or more elements from the Subgroups IVb, Vb and VIb of the Periodic Table or of thorium or cerium, or respectively on the basis(b.sub.2) of one or more n-semiconducting mixed oxide systems of the formula Me.sub.2 Me.sub.1 (0).sub.x, where Me.sub.1 is an element of the group defined in (b.sub.1), Me.sub.2 an alkaline earth metal or an element different from Me.sub.1 or the group defined in (b.sub.1), and x signifies the number of oxygen atoms required for the saturation of Me.sub.1 and Me.sub.

Abstract: A catalyst for the production of synthesis gas or hydrogen from aqueous methanol by dissociation or steam reforming. The catalyst contains:(A) a metal component of one or more elements of the VIIIb group of the periodic table on a carrier material on the basis:(B.sub.1) of TiO.sub.2 or CeO.sub.2, singly or in admixture with other heat-resistant metal oxides and/or binders or(B.sub.2) of TiO.sub.2, which is introduced onto the surface of a preformed, heat-resistant carrier.Processes utilizing this catalyst allow for the dissociation of methanol for production of synthesis gas, or for the production of hydrogen through steam reforming.Thus, the concentration of hydrogen or of carbon monoxide may be controlled by monitoring the concentration of steam utilized in the inlet feed.

Abstract: Iron oxide-chromium oxide catalyst of increased mechanical strength (lateral crushing strength) for high-temperature water-gas shift reaction. The catalyst contains as an additional component magnesium oxide and/or magnesium spinels in the form of discrete particles.

Abstract: Catalyst for the synthesis of alcohol mixtures containing methanol and higher aliphatic alcohols from CO and H.sub.2, which contains, as an oxide precursor,(a) copper oxide and zinc oxide, which can be transformed into the catalytically active state by reduction with hydrogen;(b) aluminum oxide as a thermostabilizing substance and(c) at least one alkali carbonate or alkali oxide,the oxidic precursor comprising from 20 to 70% of the total volume of pores having a diameter between 14 and 7.5 nm, the alkali content being 13-130.times.10.sup.-6 gram atom alkali metal per gram of the oxidic precursor, and the aluminum oxide component having been obtained from a colloidally dispersed aluminum hydroxide gel or sol.

Abstract: Process for the removal of nitrogen oxides from exhaust gases, in particular from exhaust gases containing sulfur oxides, by catalytic reduction. As a reduction agent a gas mixture obtained by catalytic conversion of methanol either by catalytic dissociation or by steam reforming is mixed with the exhaust gases and passed over a catalyst, wherein the nitrogen oxides are reduced to nitrogen. According to the first variant, one operates with conventional catalysts above 300.degree. C., according to the second variant, with new catalysts below 300.degree. C.

Abstract: Catalyst for methanol synthesis, containing(a) as catalytically active substances copper oxide and zinc oxide, which, if desired, may be at least partially reduced, and(b) as thermostabilizing substance aluminum oxide.The proportion of pores with a diameter of 20 to 75 .ANG. (mesopores) is at least 20% and the proportion of pores with a diameter of more than 75 .ANG. (macropores) is at most 80%. The desired pore distribution can be obtained by using colloidally dispersed aluminum oxide or hydroxide in the production of the catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the production of olefins from synthesis gas comprises a first synthesis stage in which a mixture of methanol and higher alcohols are formed from a synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The catalyst for the first synthesis stage comprises the oxides of copper and zinc in intimate association with each other and a promoting compound selected from the group consisting of chromium, cerium, lanthanum, manganese, thorium, and an alkali metal. The materials from the first synthesis stage are separated into a gas phase and a liquid phase. Thereafter the methanol is separated from the higher alcohol fractions. The higher alcohols are then subjected to dehydration in a dehydration stage which comprises passing the higher alcohol fraction over an alkalized dehydration catalyst at a pressure in the range of 0.5-1 bar and a temperature in the range of 350.degree.-500.degree. C.