Abstract: In alternative embodiments, provided are compositions, including products of manufacture, pharmaceutical compositions and kits, and methods, for treating, ameliorating, preventing or reducing the growth of, a biofilm, such as a biofilm in an oral environment, such as a biofilm growing on or adherent to a tooth an implant, or an oral prosthetic, or microbial colonies found in biofilms. In alternative embodiments, provided are compositions, including products of manufacture and kits, and methods, for treating, ameliorating, preventing or reducing the severity of an infection. In alternative embodiments, antibacterial and therapeutic formulations as provided and used herein are derived or isolated from Streptococcus sanguinis and/or Staphylococcus epidermidis organisms or cultures.

Abstract: A probiotic composition comprises an effective amount of a combination of bacteria, wherein the combination of bacteria comprises certain at least one bacterium A selected from the Bacteroidetes phylum and certain at least one bacterium B selected from the Firmicutes phylum.

Abstract: A method to detect liver fibrosis or for the differential diagnosis of non-alchohlic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a subject is provided. The method comprises analyzing a biological sample from a subject to determine an intestinal microbiome signature for the subject, and inspecting the intestinal microbiome signature relative to a reference intestinal microbiome signature to detect presence or absence of liver fibrosis.