Abstract: A vapor delivery head for wet treatment of a substrate includes a body including an upper surface, a lower surface, an upper plenum and a lower plenum. A first bore is arranged on the upper surface of the body and fluidly connected to the upper plenum to supply heated fluid. A second bore is arranged on the upper surface of the body and connected to the upper plenum to remove heated fluid. A third bore is arranged on the upper surface of the body and connected to the lower plenum to receive a gas mixture. A plurality of through holes through the lower surface of the body are in fluid communication with the lower plenum.

Abstract: An antireflection, antistatic transparent coating for an optical article, comprising at least one electrically conductive layer, wherein said electrically conductive layer contains at least one metal and has a thickness lower than or equal to 1 nm. The invention also relates to a an optical article having two main faces, at least one which being coated with the above antireflection, antistatic transparent coating and a process for depositing the above antireflection, antistatic transparent coating onto said optical article.

Abstract: An antireflection, antistatic transparent coating for an optical article, comprising at least one electrically conductive layer, wherein said electrically conductive layer contains at least one metal and has a thickness lower than or equal to 1 nm. The invention also relates to a an optical article having two main faces, at least one which being coated with the above antireflection, antistatic transparent coating and a process for depositing the above antireflection, antistatic transparent coating onto said optical article.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for forming from a mold optical articles. These methods are particularly useful in preparing ophthalmic articles such as ophthalmic lenses, having several optical coatings thereon. The invention also relates to ophthalmic articles produced by these methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for forming from a mold optical articles. These methods are particularly useful in forming ophthalmic articles such as ophthalmic lenses, having a hydrophobic top coat thereon. Ophthalmic articles produced by these methods are also part of the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for forming from a mold optical articles. These methods are particularly useful in preparing ophthalmic articles such as ophthalmic lenses, having several optical coatings thereon. The invention also relates to ophthalmic articles produced by these methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for forming from a mold optical articles. These methods are particularly useful in forming ophthalmic articles such as ophthalmic lenses, having a hydrophobic top coat thereon. Ophthalmic articles produced by these methods are also part of the invention.

Abstract: An adhering, continuous, polycrystalline diamond film is deposited on a z sulfide substrate by forming a refractory nitride interlayer directly on the substrate and then depositing diamond on the interlayer in a vacuum chamber containing a microwave activated mixture of hydrogen and a gas including carbon. The diamond film may be of optical quality and may be deposited without mechanical treatment or seeding of the zinc sulfide substrate or the nitride interlayer. However, diamond deposition may be facilitated by abrasion of the interlayer before diamond deposition.

Abstract: An adhering, continuous diamond film of optical or semiconductor quality is deposited on a substrate by forming on the substrate a layer of a nitride and then depositing diamond on the nitride without mechanical treatment or seeding of the substrate or the nitride. A substrate of silicon or silicon carbide has been used by depositing a layer of silicon dioxide directly on the substrate and then directly depositing the nitride layer on the silicon dioxide. A polycrystalline diamond film has been deposited by heating the substrate and nitride layer in a vacuum chamber containing a microwave activated mixture of hydrogen and a gas including carbon with the nitride being a refractory nitride to withstand the temperature at which the diamond is deposited. Deposition of the diamond is facilitated by adding oxygen to the mixture after a sufficient thickness of diamond is deposited to protect the nitride layer from oxidation.

Abstract: Nucleation of diamond crystallites is initiated on electrically nonconducting substrates and on semiconducting substrates at a temperatures of 650.degree. C. or lower by providing atoms of a metal in a plasma formed by activation, as by microwave energy in a vacuum chamber, of a mixture of hydrogen and a carbon containing vapor. A continuous, adhering film of polycrystalline diamond is then grown on the substrate from the nucleated crystallites. The nucleation is effective when the substrate has a positive electric potential relative to a wall of the chamber. Positive and negative dopants may be provided in the vapor to give a semiconducting film. The nucleation and film growth are effective at the relatively low substrate temperatures so that dopant diffusion and substrate damage occurring at the usual, higher diamond film deposition temperatures are avoided.

Abstract: A continuous, adhering film of polycrystalline diamond is grown on a grape substrate from diamond crystallites nucleated at a metal layer on the substrate when subjected to a microwave activated plasma of hydrogen and a carbon containing gas. Pyrolytic graphite and cured graphite adhesive are effective and other forms of graphite may be effective. Effective metals are chromium, nickel, and titanium. Diamond nucleation apparently occurs at crystallites of metal carbides nucleated by carbon from the plasma so that other carbide forming metals may be effective. Metal not nucleated as the carbide is, apparently, etched away by the plasma; and the diamond film is effectively deposited directly on the graphite since the diamond film is not contaminated by the metal even at the graphite interface where carbide contamination was less than 0.2 percent from a 2500 .ANG. chromium film. The diamond film deposition occurs at substrate temperatures as low as 650.degree. C.

Abstract: Coatings for a diamond surface of an optical element control reflections and oxidation at the surface. Transmissive element coatings effective in the infrared and at up to 800.degree. C. have a first layer of amorphous hydrogenated silicon deposited directly on the diamond and have a second layer of aluminum nitride, yttrium oxide, hafnium oxide or other refractory oxide deposited directly on the first layer. The first layer may be relatively thin and for adhesion only with the second layer constructed of an oxide and having a thickness selected to control reflection, or the thicknesses of both layers may be selected together to control reflection with the proportion of hydrogen in the first layer varied to select its refractive index.

Abstract: In depositing an adhering, continuous, polycrystalline diamond film of optical or semiconductor quality on a substrate, as by forming on the substrate a layer of a refractory nitride interlayer and depositing diamond on the interlayer without mechanical treatment or seeding of the substrate or the interlayer, the substrate is heated in a vacuum chamber containing a microwave activated mixture of hydrogen and a gas including carbon, and the size of deposited diamond crystallites and their rate of deposition selectively varied by a bias voltage applied to the substrate.

Abstract: Printing inks which cure under the action of UV radiation. The inks consist ofA. pigmentB. a mixture of benzophenone and Michler's ketone as the photoinitiatorC. a urethane-acrylateD. an epoxy-acrylate and/orE. a N-methylol-acrylamide-ether or N-methylol-methacrylamide-ether.

Abstract: In depositing an adhering, continuous, polycrystalline diamond film on a substrate by forming a refractory nitride interlayer on the substrate and depositing diamond on the interlayer in a vacuum chamber containing a microwave activated mixture of hydrogen and a gas including carbon, the crystal orientation of the deposited diamond, <111> or <100>, is selected by controlling the pressure in the chamber. Preferably, relatively higher microwave power is utilized at higher pressures.

Abstract: A transducer is deposited on each fiber of an optical fiber scene projector to convert portions of electromagnetic radiation to emitted radiation, h as IR. The transducer, is adaptable to large arrays of optical fibers and can be fabricated using mature conventional processes, such as vapor deposition, for example. The components of the transducer can be tailored to handle different incident radiation and produce desired emitted radiation. Dielectric layers having thicknesses equal to odd-numbered multiples of quarter wavelengths of the electromagnetic radiation receive the electromagnetic radiation and a reflector adjacent to the layers reflects unabsorbed portions of radiation back through the layers. An absorber layer interposed between adjacent dielectric layers absorbs the received and the reflected radiation so as to convert the absorbed radiation into heat energy.