Abstract: The present invention describes oligosaccharide sequences, which are specifically expressed by human tumors. The present invention is related to a method of determining an oligosaccharide sequence, which comprises a tumor specific terminal N-acetylglucosamine residue, in a biological sample, the presence of said sequence in said sample being an indication of the presence of cancer. The present invention provides antigenic substances comprising said oligosaccharide sequences in a polyvalent form and it further provides diagnostic agents, pharmaceutical compositions and cancer vaccines comprising said oligosaccharide sequences or substances binding to said oligosaccharide sequences. The present invention is also related to methods for the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: The present invention describes oligosaccharide sequences, which are specifically expressed by human tumors. The present invention is related to a method of determining an oligosaccharide sequence, which comprises a tumor specific terminal N-acetylglucosamine residue, in a biological sample, the presence of said sequence in said sample being an indication of the presence of cancer. The present invention provides antigenic substances comprising said oligosaccharide sequences in a polyvalent form and it further provides diagnostic agents, pharmaceutical compositions and cancer vaccines comprising said oligosaccharide sequences or substances binding to said oligosaccharide sequences. The present invention is also related to methods for the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to human influenza virus binding substance containing at least one oligosaccharide chain, which comprises a terminal NeuNAc?6 linked to: (a) a linear or branched polylactosamine type structure consisting of at least three lactosamine residues, a linear sequence optionally containing one or two ?3-linked fucose residues in a non-sialylated lactosamine, a branched structure optionally carrying one or more additional NeuNAc?-residues at a terminal position in a branch, and/or (b) a linear or branched structure with two lactosamine and one lactose residue, a linear structure in addition containing one or two ?3-linked fucose residues in a non-sialylated lactosamine or lactose, a branched structure optionally carrying one additional NeuNAc?-residue in a terminal position of the branch, or an analog or derivative of said oligosaccharide chain for use in binding of human influenza virus.

Abstract: The invention relates to the method for evaluating the potential of a chemical entity, such as an antibody, to bind to a peptide epitope derived from the divalent sialoside binding site of hemagglutinin protein of influenza virus. The invention also provides peptide epitopes for use in the prevention and/or treatment of influenza or for the development of such treatment or vaccine against influenza.

Abstract: The present invention describes an oligosaccharide substance or receptor binding to Helicobacter pylori, and the use thereof in, e.g., pharmaceutical and nutritional compositions for the treatment of conditions due to the presence of Helicobacter pylori. The invention is also directed to the use of the receptor for diagnostics of Helicobacter pylori.

Abstract: The present invention describes oligosaccharide sequences, which are specifically expressed by human tumors. The present invention is related to a method of determining an oligosaccharide sequence, which comprises a tumor specific terminal N-acetylglucosamine residue, in a biological sample, the presence of said sequence in said sample being an indication of the presence of cancer. The present invention provides antigenic substances comprising said oligosaccharide sequences in a polyvalent form and it further provides diagnostic agents, pharmaceutical compositions and cancer vaccines comprising said oligosaccharide sequences or substances binding to said oligosaccharide sequences. The present invention is also related to methods for the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: The invention provides a therapeutical composition comprising purified fractions of compounds being or containing a pathogen-inhibiting oligosaccharide sequence for use as a medicament. The present invention especially describes an oligosaccharide-containing substance or receptor binding to diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and/or zoonotic Helicobacter species, and use thereof in, e.g., pharmaceutical, nutritional and other compositions for prophylaxis and treatment of conditions due to the presence of Escherichia coli and/or zoonotic Helicobacter species. The invention is also directed to the use of the receptors for diagnostics of Escherichia coli and/or zoonotic Helicobacter species.

Abstract: The present application describes a binding epitope to Helicobacter pylori, namely substances comprising the oligosaccharide sequence -Gal(Nac)r2$g(b)4Glc(A)q2(Nac)r3-, and the use thereof in pharmaceutical and nutritional compositions for the treatment of conditions due to the presence of Helicobacter pylori in a subject, e.g. gastritis, gastric ulcers, gastric adenocarcinoma, liver disease, pancreatic disease, skin disease, heart disease, autoimmune diseases and sudden infant death syndrome. The invention is also directed to the use of the receptor for diagnostics of Helicobacter pylori, to a method of producing chondroitin oligosaccharides from chondroitin sulphates, and a method for production of amidated glucuronic acid comprising oligosaccharides and monosaccharides from glucuronic acid comprising polysaccharides.

Abstract: The present invention describes oligosaccharide sequences, which are specifically expressed by human tumors. The present invention is related to a method of determining an oligosaccharide sequence, which comprises a tumor specific terminal N-acetylglucosamine residue, in a biological sample, the presence of said sequence in said sample being an indication of the presence of cancer. The present invention provides antigenic substances comprising said oligosaccharide sequences in a polyvalent form and it further provides diagnostic agents, pharmaceutical compositions and cancer vaccines comprising said oligosaccharide sequences or substances binding to said oligosaccharide sequences. The present invention is also related to methods for the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising a polysaccharide with Helicobacter pylori receptor activity and, optionally, an oligosaccharide receptor of Helicobacter pylori or an analogue or a derivative thereof and/or a gastric epithelium protecting compound for use in the treatment or prophylaxis of any condition due to the presence of Helicobacter pylori.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a glycosidase inhibitor for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a disease, wherein glycosidase enzymes hydrolyze glycoconjugates of a patient to reveal neutral glycan receptors of an pathogenic agent, and wherein the revealed neutral glycan receptor comprise a oligosaccharide sequence.

Abstract: The present invention describes a substance or a receptor comprising Helicobacter pylori binding oligosaccharide sequence [Gal(A)q(NAc)r/Glc(A)q(NAc)r&agr;3/&bgr;3]s[Gal&bgr;4GlcNAc&bgr;3]tGal&bgr;4Glc(NAc)u wherein q, r, s, t, and u are each independently 0 or 1, and the use thereof in, e.g., pharmaceutical and nutritional compositions for the treatment of conditions due to the presence of Helicobacter pylori. The invention is also directed to the use of the receptor for diagnostics of Helicobacter pylori.

Abstract: Helicobacter pylori-binding substances comprising Gal&bgr;3GlcNAc or Gal&bgr;3GalNAc are described, as well as use thereof in pharmaceutical compositions and food-stuff, and methods for treatment of conditions due to the presence of Helicobacter pylori. Also use of said substance for the identification of bacterial adhesions, for the production of a vaccine against Helicobacter pylori, for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infections, for typing of Helicobacter pylori, for identification of Helicobacter pylori binding substances and for inhibition of the binding of Helicobacter pylori is described.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to, human influenza virus binding substance containing at least one oligosaccharide chain, which comprises a terminal NeuNAc&agr;6 linked to: (a) a linear or branched polylactosamine type structure consisting of at least three lactosamine residues, a linear sequence optionally containing one or two &agr;3-linked fucose residues in a non-sialylated lactosamine, a branched structure optionally carrying one or more additional NeuNAc&agr;-residues at a terminal position in a branch, and/or (b) a linear or branched structure with two lactosamine and one lactose residue, a linear structure in addition containing one or two &agr;3-linked fucose residues in a non-sialylated lactosamine or lactose, a branched structure optionally carrying one additional NeuNAc&agr;-residue in a terminal position of the branch, or an analog or derivative of said oligosaccharide chain for use in binding of human influenza virus.

Abstract: A second-step virus binding receptor is found in nature on the surface of animal and plant cells. This receptor is thought to be needed for virus penetration into target cells. The second-step receptor has been found to bind a wide variety of viruses belonging to a number of different families. The second-step receptor and natural or synthetic substances which correspond to or are analogous to the binding epitope of the second-step receptor in that they are able to bind to a site on the virus which recognizes the binding epitope of the natural second-step receptor, are therefore indicated for the diagnosis, prophylaxis or treatment of viral infections.

Abstract: A second-step virus binding receptor is found in nature on the surface of animal and plant cells. This receptor is thought to be needed for virus penetration into target cells. The second-step receptor has been found to bind a wide variety of viruses belonging to a number of different families. The second-step receptor and natural or synthetic substances which correspond to or are analogous to the binding epitope of the second-step receptor in that they are able to bind to a site on the virus which recognizes the binding epitope of the natural second-step receptor, are therefore indicated for the diagnosis, prophylaxis or treatment of viral infections.

Abstract: A composition for therapeutic or diagnostic use in connection with the toxine of Shigella dysenteriae. As an active constituent the composition contains or consists of a compound having the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or an organic residue, and R.sub.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxi or a carbohydric residue with the proviso that R.sub.2 is not .beta.-D-GalNacp-(1-0) when R.sub.1 is D-Glc or -.beta.-D-Glcp-(1-0)-ceramide and that R.sub.2 is different from OH,.alpha.-D-GalNAcp-(1-3)-.beta.-D-GalNAcp-(1-0)-,.beta.-D-GalNAcp-(1-3)-.beta.-D-GalNAcp-(-0)-,.alpha.-L-Fucp-(1-2)-.beta.-D-Galp-(1-3)-.beta.-D-GalNAcp-(1-0)- and.alpha.-L-Fucp-(1-2)-.alpha.-D-Galp-(1-3)-(1-0)-;a method for therapeutic treatment; and the use of the composition for therapeutic treatment or diagnosis.

Abstract: Monoclonal antibodies recognizing the difucosyl-type-2-H antigen on human cells and a method of producing said antibodies are disclosed. The monoclonal antibodies are useful in blood typing and in diagnosis of blood disorders and malignancies involving loss or gain of this H antigen.