Abstract: A high-voltage power supply for an electron-beam gun with a heatable cathode and an anode and of the type having an electronic switch connected in the current circuit for the cathode and controllable for blocking the current to the cathode, includes an impulse protecting filter connected in the current circuit for the cathode. The filter comprises a capacitor connected in parallel to the cathode, a choke connected in series with the cathode current circuit, a blocking diode and a discharge resistor connected in series therewith, with the diode and resistor connected in parallel with the choke.

Abstract: A measuring device for determining the rate of evaporation of materials in vacuum systems, particularly for producing thin layers of precise thickness on substrates. An electrically conducting housing has an opening which can be aligned with the material to be evaporated. An electrode located within the housing and insulated therefrom, is connected to an evaluation device for the evaporation rate. The electrode is located outside the line of sight through the opening of the housing, and the electrode has a positive potential with respect to the housing. The current flowing between the housing and the electrode is applied to the evaluation device.

Abstract: An electron beam generator with a linear cathode which has at least one end clamped to enable the cathode to move longitudinally. A beam forming electrode is at the same potential as the cathode and has an exit opening for the electron beam. The beam-forming electrode is provided with connection means to supply beam and heater voltage to the cathode. The clamps used to clamp the cathode, are connection contacts for the ends of the cathode and are outside of the contact points in the emission area of the cathode.