Abstract: A wheel suspension having a helical spring leg and transverse control with a shock absorber located inside of the spring arm is shown and described. The spring when in its unloaded state has an "S" shaped center line and may be curved in more than one plane. The center line of the spring when relaxed is not of a constant radius.

Abstract: A shear for structural shapes in which the shear body is pivotal on the machine body between an erect position and an inclined position to bring respective pairs of blades into play at one and the same working plane for cutting the different structural shapes for which the blades are provided. The machine body can have a punch whose working height can correspond to that of the blades.

Abstract: A railroad rail is secured to a support normally constituted by a rail-fastening plate by means of a bolt engaged in this plate and a clip pressed by the bolt downwardly on one side against the plate and on the other side against the flange of the rail. To this end the clip is unitarily formed from a single piece of steel wire with a support leg that rests on the support and has one end connected via a bight extending over a ridge on the support to a bearing leg that bears on the flange of the rail. The other end of the support leg is extended to form an eye through which the bolt passes and the wire forming this clip has a bent-down end at the eye that limits the tightening of the bolt by abutment with the top of the ridge. Thus the support leg is twisted about its straight axis when the fastener is tightened for torsional loading.