Abstract: For icebraking ships whose forward quarter is designed like a pontoon with an underside rising obliquely forward, and having icebreaking configurations on its sides, the hull can be equipped on both sides over the entire length of the ship with balcony-like flanks that improve the maneuverability of the icebreaking ship. The undersides of the balcony-like flanks can drop off obliquely downward and preferably lie at the level of the water line so that, during the turning of the ship, the oblique undersides can break off the edges of the ice. Further, the underside of the bow in the vicinity of the icebreaking configurations can be designed wider that the water line of the afterbody, to thus provide a clearance between the edges of the ice and the hull.

Abstract: An icebreaking ship is equipped, on the forward quarter of the hull, on both side flanks in the vicinity of the water line, with first and second icebreaking structures, with the second icebreaking structure located at some distance behind the first. Between the two icebreaking structures is a recessed area, which has a curve profile which approximately matches the radius of curvature of the inside turning circle of the ship at the crown or zenithal line of the turning circle. The second icebreaking structure is designed so that it does not exceed the width of the hull and the recessed hull wall area between the icebreaking structures is designed as a waistline-like indentation in the hull.

Abstract: An icebreaker hull having laterally projecting hull components which define inclined upwardly and rearwardly sloped faces arranged in part above and in part below the vessels normal water line, and each hull component further including a longitudinally extending face cooperating with the inclined face to define a cutting edge. At least a second pair of similar projecting hull components adjacent the first components to define a second cutting edge downstream of the first cutting edge. One or more of these hull components may be movable from and to positions where they are stowed in streamline relationship to the hull.

Abstract: Broken ice floes move laterally by the prow of an ice breaker into a position below the unbroken ice cover laterally limit the fairway channel formed and surround the stern of the ship, so that as a result of the increased water speed produced by the propeller thrust deduction the ice is drawn into the propeller, which chops it up, so that increased propeller power is necessary. In addition, the propeller can be damaged by ice floes moved back into the fairway channel. To avoid this, the horizontal propulsion of the ice breaker takes place in propeller-independent manner by jet or rocket engines or by instantaneous or constant propulsion energy-producing force closure of the hull with a mechanical apparatus located on the ocean bed, such as a chain, cable or lowered travelling piles, and a mechanical pushing off or hauling in apparatus being provided on the hull side.