Abstract: The invention relates to polymeric flame retardant mixtures containing a) 0.1 to 70 wt % dialkyl phosphinic acid salt, b) 0 to 20 wt % telomers, and c) 30 to 99.9 wt % oligomers, a), b) and c) adding up to 100 wt %, with the proviso that a), b) and c) are different compounds. The invention also relates to methods for synthesizing said polymeric flame retardant mixtures and the use thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for production of an aqueous dispersion of polymer-encapsulated pigments characterized in that (a) an aqueous pigment dispersion, containing at least one organic pigment (P) at least one surfactant (T), and water is prepared,(b) a monomer miniemulsion stabilized by a hydrophobic organic compound with a water solubility at 20° C. of not more than 5×10?5 g/l, is prepared from a polymerizable monomer (M) and at least one surfactant (T), in water, (c) a monomer pigment emulsion is prepared, whereby the aqueous pigment dispersion from (a) and the monomer miniemulsion from (b) are mixed and homogenized, and (d) the pigment-containing monomer miniemulsion from (c) is polymerized in the presence of a polymerization initiator and/or by heat, whereupon an encapsulation of the pigment with the polymer thus formed occurs.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for encapsulating pigment particles, which comprises (A) producing a dispersion of the pigment to be encapsulated, (B) then applying a polyelectrolyte layer to the surface of the pigment particles, (C) further applying a polyelectrolyte layer having opposite charge to (B), and/or adding low molecular weight, multivalent ions oppositely charged to (B), and (D) if appropriate repeating steps (B) and (C), said steps (B), (C) and if appropriate (D) being carried out in the presence of a nonionic surfactant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pigment preparation which contains the monoazo pigment of the formula (I) and 0.1% to 40%, preferably 0.5% to 25%, in particular 1.0% to 17.5% of a pigment dispersant, in relation to the weight of the monoazo pigment of the formula (I), which is composed of disazo compounds at least 30% of the diazo compounds forming an asymmetric disazo compound of the formula (II) Y-X-A-X-Z??(II), in which A is biphenylene, 3,3?-dichlorobiphenylene, 3,3?-dimethoxybiphenylene, 3,3?-dimethylbiphenylene or 2,2?-dichloro-3,3?-dimethoxybiphenylene; X is a group —NH—CO—CH(COCH3)—N?N—, —N?N—CH(COCH3)—CO—NH—or —N?N—; Y is substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, pyrazolin-5-on-4-yl, 1-phenyl-Pyrazolin -5-on-4-Lyl, 2-hydroxynaphth-1-yl or 2-hydroxy-3-(phenylamino-carbonyl) naphth-1-yl, the substituents being C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, nitro, halogen or C1-C4 alkoxycarbonyl, and have the meaning of Y, and the compounds being further substituted with a sulfonic acid group present as an ammonium salt.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pigment preparation which contains the mono-azo pigment of formula (1) and 0.1 to 40% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 25% by weight, in particular 1.0 to 17.

Abstract: Finely divided azo dye and process for producing the same. The invention relates to a finely divided mono-azo pigment of formula (I) in the beta crystal phase (I), characterised in that at least 90 % by weight of the particles have a stoke equivalent diameter equal to or smaller than 130 nm.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a pigment composition containing between 86.0 and 99.9 total mol % of C.I. Pigment Yellow 74 molecules and between 14.0 and 0.1 total mol % of at least one monoazo pigment of the formula (1) wherein R1 represents Cl, OCH3, OH3 or NO2 as a coloring agent for pigmenting ink-jet inks and color filters.

Abstract: The invention concerns a pigment preparation based on C.I. Pigment Yellow 155, containing 0.1% to 50% by weight, based on the weight of C.I. Pigment Yellow 155, of at least one pigment dispersant from the group of monoazo or disazo pigments substituted with at least one sulfonic acid group, characterized in that it has a chroma C greater than 53 in the CIELAB system in a solventborne alkyd melamine varnish comprising a 6.7% by weight concentration of the pigment preparation, and/or in that it has a chroma C greater than 35 in the CIELAB system in an aqueous base varnish system in a white reduction comprising a 0.2% by weight concentration of the pigment preparation in white reduction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for production of an aqueous dispersion of polymer-encapsulated pigments characterized in that (a) an aqueous pigment dispersion, containing at least one organic pigment (P) at least one surfactant (T), and water is prepared, (b) a monomer miniemulsion stabilized by a hydrophobic organic compound with a water solubility at 20° C. of not more than 5×10?5 g/l, is prepared from a polymerizable monomer (M) and at least one surfactant (T), in water, (c) a monomer pigment emulsion is prepared, whereby the aqueous pigment dispersion from (a) and the monomer miniemulsion from (b) are mixed and homogenized, and (d) the pigment-containing monomer miniemulsion from (c) is polymerized in the presence of a polymerization initiator and/or by heat, whereupon an encapsulation of the pigment with the polymer thus formed occurs.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for encapsulating pigment particles, which comprises (A) producing a dispersion of the pigment to be encapsulated, (B) then applying a polyelectrolyte layer to the surface of the pigment particles, (C) further applying a polyelectrolyte layer having opposite charge to (B), and/or adding low molecular weight, multivalent ions oppositely charged to (B), and (D) if appropriate repeating steps (B) and (C), said steps (B), (C) and if appropriate (D) being carried out in the presence of a nonionic surfactant.

Abstract: The invention concerns a pigment preparation based on C.I. Pigment Yellow 155, containing 0.1% to 50% by weight, based on the weight of C.I. Pigment Yellow 155, of at least one pigment dispersant from the group of monoazo or disazo pigments substituted with at least one sulfonic acid group, characterized in that it has a chroma C greater than 53 in the CIELAB system in a solventborne alkyd melamine varnish comprising a 6.7% by weight concentration of the pigment preparation, and/or in that it has a chroma C greater than 35 in the CIELAB system in an aqueous base varnish system in a white reduction comprising a 0.2% by weight concentration of the pigment preparation in white reduction.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a pigment composition containing between 86.0 and 99.9 total mol % of C.I. Pigment Yellow 74 molecules and between 14.0 and 0.1 total mol % of at least one monoazo pigment of the formula (1) wherein R1 represents Cl, OCH3, CH3 or NO2 as a colouring agent for pigmenting ink-jet inks and colour filters.

Abstract: The invention relates to aqueous coloring agent preparations essentially comprising (A) 0.1% to 50% by weight at least one organic and/or inorganic colorant, (B) 0.1% to 30% by weight of at least one succinamate, (C) 0.1% to 30% by weight of at least one polyethylene glycol alkyl ether, (D) 0% to 30% by weight of at least one alkoxylated styrene-phenol condensate, (E) 0% to 30% by weight of at least one organic solvent, (F) 0% to 30% by weight of at least one hydrotropic substance, (G) 0% to 10% by weight of other additives commonly used for inkjet preparations, and (H) 10% to 90% by weight of deionized water, the percentages being in relation to the total weight (100% by weight) of the coloring agent preparation. The inventive coloring agent preparations are particularly suitable for use in inkjet inks.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of an antimicrobially effective amount of a mixture from 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothlazolin-3-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol as a biocide in aqueous colorant preparations that have a heavy metal ion concentration of greater or equal 20 ppm. The invention effectively prevents the formation of precipitations.

Abstract: This invention provides novel high density memory devices that are electrically addressable permitting effective reading and writing, that provide a high memory density (e.g., 1015 bits/cm3), that provide a high degree of fault tolerance, and that are amenable to efficient chemical synthesis and chip fabrication. The devices are intrinsically latchable, defect tolerant, and support destructive or non-destructive read cycles. In a preferred embodiment, the device comprises a fixed electrode electrically coupled to a storage medium having a multiplicity of different and distinguishable oxidation states wherein data is stored in said oxidation states by the addition or withdrawal of one or more electrons from said storage medium via the electrically coupled electrode. The storage medium typically comprises a storage molecule that is a triple-decker sandwich heterodimer. Such dimers can provide 8 or more oxidation states and permit the storage of at least 3 bits per molecule.

Abstract: This invention provides novel high density memory devices that are electrically addressable permitting effective reading and writing, that provide a high memory density (e.g., 1015 bits/cm3), that provide a high degree of fault tolerance, and that are amenable to efficient chemical synthesis and chip fabrication. The devices are intrinsically latchable, defect tolerant, and support destructive or non-destructive read cycles. In a preferred embodiment, the device comprises a fixed electrode electrically coupled to a storage medium having a multiplicity of different and distinguishable oxidation states wherein data is stored in said oxidation states by the addition or withdrawal of one or more electrons from said storage medium via the electrically coupled electrode. The storage medium typically comprises a storage molecule that is a triple-decker sandwich heterodimer. Such dimers can provide 8 or more oxidation states and permit the storage of at least 3 bits per molecule.