Abstract: The invention relates to novel substituted heterocyclyl-2H-chromenes of the general formula (I) in which R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 Z are each as defined in the description, and to a process for their preparation and to their use as herbicides.

Abstract: The herbicidally active substituted N-carbamoyl-tetrazolinones of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents, inter alia, an (optionally substituted) phenyl radical,R.sup.2 represents, inter alia, an alkyl radical, andR.sup.3 represents, inter alia, a cycloalkyl radical,are obtained in very good yields and at high purity--i.e. free from the isomeric O-carbamoyloxytetrazoles (Ia)--by reacting tetrazolinones of the formula (II) with carbamoyl halides of the formula (III) (X=halogen) ##STR2## in the presence of an acid acceptor and in the presence of a diluent, at temperatures of between 0.degree. C. and 200.degree. C., and either isomerizing the O-carbamoylation product of the formula (Ia), which is formed under these circumstances as a byproduct, into the desired product of the formula (I) by heating, or else converting it by hydrolysis or alcoholysis into water-soluble, and thus readily separable, components (variable (a)).

Abstract: Intermediates of the formula ##STR1## are new, whereR stands for alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkylalkyl, or cycloalkenylalkyl, in each case having up to 20 carbon atoms, in each case optionally branched and in each case interrupted by 1 to 4 oxygen atoms, andX stands for hydrogen or halogen, and are useful for synthesizing herbicidal and plant growth regulating compounds.

Abstract: A herbicidal or plant growth-regulating 6-(pent-3-yl)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents amino andR.sup.2 represents alkylthio having more than 1 carbon atom, alkylamino or dialkylamino,orR.sup.1 represents methylamino andR.sup.2 represents alkylthio.

Abstract: Herbicidal and plant growth-regulating substituted N-aryl nitrogen heterocycles of the formula ##STR1## in which Het stands for ##STR2## where A stands for ##STR3## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 in each case independently of one another stand for hydrogen, halogen, halogenoalkyl or alkyl,Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 in each case stand for oxygen or sulphur andZ stands for hydrogen, hydroxyl or chlorine,R stands for alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalylalkyl, or cycloalkenylalkyl, in each case optionally branched and in each case interrupted by at least one oxygen atom, andX stands for hydrogen or halogen.Intermediates of the formula ##STR4## are also new.

Abstract: The known .beta.-hydroxyethyl-(1,2,4-triazole) derivatives of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents alkyl, halogenoalkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkenyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted aralkyl, optionally substituted aralkenyl or an optionally substituted heterocyclic radical andR.sup.2 represents hydrogen, alkyl, halogenoalkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkenyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted aralkyl, optionally substituted aralkenyl or an optionally substituted heterocyclic radical,are prepared by a new process, which comprises stirring a .beta.-hydroxyethyl-(1,3,4-triazole) derivative of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have the abovementional meanings, in the presence of a base and in the presence of an aprotic, dipolar diluent.

Abstract: The known .beta.-hydroxyethyl-(1,2,4-triazole) derivatives of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents alkyl, halogenoalkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkenyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted aralkyl, optionally substituted aralkenyl or an optionally substituted heterocyclic radical andR.sup.2 represents hydrogen, alkyl, halogenoalkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkenyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted aralkyl, optionally substituted aralkenyl or an optionally substituted heterocyclic radical,are prepared by a new process, which comprises stirring a .beta.-hydroxyethyl-(1,3,4-triazole) derivative of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have the abovementioned meanings, in the presence of a base and in the presence of an aprotic, dipolar diluent.

Abstract: Known .beta.-hydroxyethyl-(1,2,4-triazole) derivatives of the formula ##STR1## in which R represents alkyl, halogenoalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl or optionally substituted phenyl,Z represents halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy, halogenoalkylthio, optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted phenoxy, optionally substituted phenylalkyl or optionally substituted phenylalkoxy andm represents the number 0, 1, 2 or 3,are prepared by a new process, which comprises reacting oxiranes of the formula ##STR2## in which R, Z and m have the abovementioned meaning, with 1,2,4-triazole of the formula ##STR3## in the presence of a cylcic amid of the formula ##STR4## in which R.sup.1 represents alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms andn represents the number 3, 4 or 5,as diluent, and in the presence of a base.

Abstract: Improved process for the preparation of 1-alkylaminoanthraquinones by aminolysis of 1-nitroanthraquinones with alkylamines at elevated temperature in water and organic water-immiscible solvents, in the presence of acid-binding agents, according to which process calcium hydroxide is used as the acid-binding agent.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of dianthraquinonylamines, characterized in that an optionally substituted nitroanthraquinone is reacted with an optionally substituted aminoanthraquinone in the presence of a basic-reacting alkaline earth metal compound at an elevated temperature.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 1-amino-4-bromoanthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid or an alkali metal salt thereof by converting 1-aminoanthraquinone (which can be obtained by reduction of 1-nitroanthraquinone with sodium sulfide and/or sodium bisulfide or reaction of the 1-nitroanthraquinone with ammonia) by contacting the same with oleum at a temperature in the range of 90.degree. to 150.degree. C. optionally in the presence of an alkali metal sulfate and thereafter treating the so-sulfonated composition with bromine at a temperature in the range of from 60.degree. to 100.degree. C. 1-amino-4-bromoanthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid or an alkali metal salt thereof can be precipitated from the reaction mixture either by adjusting the sulfuric acid concentration thereof to 60 to 85 percent by weight or by stirring the reaction mixture into water, which optionally contains an alkali metal sulfate.

Abstract: In the reaction of a nitroanthraquinone with ammonia in a solvent at elevated temperature to produce the corresponding aminoanthraquinone, the improvement which comprises effecting the reaction in the presence of an ammonium halide. Advantageously, the nitroanthraquinone is an .alpha.-nitroanthraquinone, the ammonium halide is at least one of ammonium chloride and ammonium bromide, and the solvent comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of water, nitrobenzene, a glycol, an acid amide and sulfolane.

Abstract: The nitro group of an .alpha.-nitroanthraquinone is replaced by chlorine by reaction with an ionic chloride in a solvent in the presence of an acid or of a compound which eliminates an acid. The ionic chloride may be an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or quaternary ammonium chloride. A molten tertiary amine hydrochloride can function as the ionic chloride, the acid and the solvent. The process permits one or more nitro groups of a poly-.alpha.-nitroanthraquinone to be selectively replaced.