Abstract: A chemically and thermally stable chromate free aqueous liquid treatment for metals, especially aluminum, that imparts corrosion resistance as good as that from conventional chromate containing treatments, contains water and:(A) a component selected from the group consisting of H.sub.2 TiF.sub.6, H.sub.2 ZrF.sub.6, H.sub.2 HfF.sub.6, H.sub.2 SiF.sub.6, H.sub.2 GeF.sub.6, H.sub.2 SnF.sub.6, HBF.sub.

Abstract: The cold impact resistance and corrosion resistance of objects having a zinciferous metal surface successively coated with a zinc phosphate conversion coating and an organic surface coating can be improved by utilizing sufficient manganese ion in the solution used for zinc phosphating to assure the presence of at least 3% by weight manganese in the phosphate conversion coating layer formed. Sufficient phosphating to achieve good bonds to organic surface coatings can be accomplished in as little as 5 seconds.

Abstract: An aqueous alkaline cleaning composition and process for cleaning aluminum container surfaces in a manner to inhibit objectionable white-etch staining during prolonged cleaning cycles and brown oxide discoloration during prolonged rinse cycles in which the cleaning solution contains an alkalinity agent or agents present in an amount sufficient to remove aluminum fines from the surfaces thereof, a complexing agent present in an amount to complex at least some of the metal ions in the cleaning solution which tend to form insoluble precipitates and at least one surfactant present in an amount sufficient to remove organic soils from the surfaces being cleaned and to suppress the formation of white-etch staining of the surfaces during prolonged cleaning cycles. The surfactant or blend of surfactants employed are further characterized by at least one having a Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance (HLB ratio) of at least about 12.