Abstract: According to known methods, biomass is broken down under the action of water vapour via a carbon monoxide-hydrogen mixture (called synthesis gas) as an intermediate stage into hydrogen and carbon dioxide instead of being combusted directly to generate energy. Carbon dioxide is stored/sequestered and the hydrogen is used to generate energy. The transfer of bio-activity can also be effected within the same process by breaking down a mixture of biomass and fossil fuel (e.g. wood and coal) into carbon dioxide and hydrogen. The hydrogen is then reacted with half of the formed carbon dioxide to form methane and the remaining carbon dioxide is stored. The stored carbon dioxide and generated methane respectively comprise one half each of biological and fossil carbon. If the bio-activity of the stored biocarbon dioxide is transferred to the fossil carbon in methane, a corresponding mixture of wood and coal produces 100% biomethane. Here, too, up to 100% biomethane can be obtained from coal-wood mixtures.

Abstract: According to known methods, biomass is broken down under the action of water vapour via a carbon monoxide-hydrogen mixture (called synthesis gas) as an intermediate stage into hydrogen and carbon dioxide instead of being combusted directly to generate energy. Carbon dioxide is stored/sequestered and the hydrogen is used to generate energy. The transfer of bio-activity can also be effected within the same process by breaking down a mixture of biomass and fossil fuel (e.g. wood and coal) into carbon dioxide and hydrogen. The hydrogen is then reacted with half of the formed carbon dioxide to form methane and the remaining carbon dioxide is stored. The stored carbon dioxide and generated methane respectively comprise one half each of biological and fossil carbon. If the bio-activity of the stored bio-carbon dioxide is transferred to the fossil carbon in methane, a corresponding mixture of wood and coal produces 100% biomethane. Here, too, up to 100% biomethane can be obtained from coal-wood mixtures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyol mixtures which are suitable for the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams and comprise addition products of alkylene oxide on aromatic di- or polyamines, and rigid foams prepared with these polyol mixtures.

Abstract: The description relates to production of rigid foamed plastics containing urethane groups, by use of a blowing-agent mixture containing 5 to 50 parts by weight of C3 and/or C4 alkanes and 50 to 95 parts by weight of cyclopentane. There is also a description of use of the thus-produced rigid foamed plastics as composite components or for foam filling of cavities in refrigerator construction.

Abstract: Compressed polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foams useful as support materials for vacuum insulation units are produced by compressing an open-cell rigid polyurethane or polyisocyanurate to 5-95% of its original volume after 80-200% of the fiber time.

Abstract: A vacuum panel composed of two foam slabs positioned one on top of the other which slabs are covered with a film in which the panel has been evacuated and sealed with a gas-tight seal. One of the foam slabs is an open-pored polystyrene foam. The other foam slab is an open-pored polyurethane foam. These vacuum insulating panels are useful for the production of insulating elements that are used as external walls in refrigerators.

Abstract: An apparatus is described which consists of a rigid plate and a vacuum insulation panel, in which the vacuum insulation panel is fixed to the rigid plate by a polyurethane foam applied as a liquid reaction mixture, wherein the vacuum insulation panel contains open-cell rigid plastics foam and/or open-cell rigid plastics foam recyclate. A refrigerated cabinet element containing said apparatus is additionally described.

Abstract: The invention concerns a heat-insulating body comprising: a) a pulverized hard foamed plastics material and optionally an inorganic porous material; and b) a foil enveloping component a). The foil enveloping component a) is evacuated and then hermetically sealed.

Abstract: Polyol formulations, containing polyether polyols possessing 40 to 80 wt. % of tertiary amino groups and having an OH number of 300 to 500, preferably 350 to 420, obtainable by addition of exclusively propylene oxide to o-toluene diamine, which contain cyclopentane and/or n- and/or i-pentane and/or hydrofluoroalkanes as blowing agent, are used for the manufacture of rigid polyurethane foams by reacting with organic polyisocyanates, optionally further compounds with at least two hydrogen atoms reactive to isocyanates, optionally in the presence of water, and further blowing agents known per se as well as conventional auxiliaries and additives.

Abstract: A heat-insulating body comprisesa) a porous pressed molded part having a bulk density of from 50 to 350 kg/m.sup.3, preferably of from 100 to 250 kg/M.sup.3, which has been obtained by comminution of plastics foam to powder or flakes, and binding of the power or of the flakes using a binder with simultaneous or subsequent pressing with shaping, andb) a film covering the pressed molded part,with the film which covers the pressed molded part having been evacuated and then hermetically sealed.

Abstract: A process for preparing rigid expanded materials containing urethane and optionally urea and isocyanurate groups, characterised in that a polyurethane rigid foam is prepared by reactinga) an aromatic polyisocyanate withb) a polyol component with on average at least 3 hydrogen atoms which can react with isocyanates, containing1) 30 to 80 wt. % of an aromatic amine started polyether with a molecular weight of 300 to 800 based on 70 to 100 wt. % of 1,2-propylene oxide and 0 to 30 wt. % of ethylene oxide2) 10 to 40 wt. % of a substantially sucrose started polyether with a molecular weight of 400 to 1,000 based on 70 to 100 wt. % of 1,2-propylene oxide and 0 to 30 wt. % of ethylene oxide3) 5 to 30 wt. % of a propylene glycol started polyether with a molecular weight of 500 to 1,500 based on 70 to 100 wt. % of 1,2-propylene oxide and 0 to 30 wt. % of ethylene oxide4) n-pentane and/or i-pentane as blowing agent5) water6) optional auxiliary agents and additives,wherein the sum of the wt.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for producing rigid polyurethane foams by reacting A) a polyol component with B) a polyisocyanate component in the presence of C) water, D) at least one catalyst, and, optionally, E) at least one blowing agent. This process specifically requires A) a polyol component which comprises: 1) a polyol containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms and comprising: a) a mixture of i) an addition product having a OH number of at least 500 of diamines or polyamines containing primary and/or secondary amino groups with alkylene oxides, and ii) castor oil, and/or b) one or more reaction products obtained by reacting i) an addition product having a OH number of at least 500 of diamines or polyamines containing primary and/or secondary amino groups with alkylene oxides, and ii) castor oil; and 2) at least one compound containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms.

Abstract: Polyol formulations, containing polyether polyols possessing 40 to 80 wt % of tertiary amino groups and having an OH number of 300 to 500, preferably 350 to 420, obtainable by addition of exclusively propylene oxide to o-toluylenediamine, which contain cyclopentane and/or n- and/or i-pentane and/or hydrofluoro alkanes as blowing agent, are used for the manufacture of rigid polyurethane foams by reacting with organic polyisocyanates, optionally further compounds with at least two hydrogen atoms reactive to isocyanates, optionally in the presence of water, and further blowing agents known per se as well as conventional auxiliaries and additives.