Abstract: 3,3-Dimethylindan-5-yl N-alkyl-carbamic acid esters of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is alkyl,R.sup.2 is hydrogen or alkyl, andR.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each independently is chlorine or alkyl, which possess fungicidal and arthropod development-inhibiting properties.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of an arylglyoxylic acid of the formula Ar--CO--COOH, wherein Ar is optionally substituted aryl, which process comprises oxidizing the corresponding arylethane-1,2-diol of the formula ##STR1## with oxygen or a gas containing molecular oxygen, in an aqueous alkaline medium and in the presence of a platinum-group metal catalyst and, as an activator, a material selected from lead, lead compounds, bismuth and bismuth compounds, at a temperature of up to the boiling point of the reaction mixture; e.g. phenylglyoxylic acid is produced from phenylethane-1,2-glycol preferably using platinum activated with lead, bismuth, or compounds thereof.

Abstract: Novel process for the preparation of an arylglyoxylic acid compound, e.g., phenylglyoxylic acid, which comprises oxidizing an .alpha.-hydroxyarylacetic acid, e.g., mandelic acid, of the formula ##STR1## in which m is 1, 2 or 3,each R individually is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl,aryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, cycloakoxy, aryloxy, hydroxyl,halogen, aminoalkyl or carboxyl,with the proviso thattwo R's together can represent the methylenedioxygroup or a fused-on, optionally heterocyclic andoptionally substituted ring,with oxygen or a gas containing molecular oxygen in aqueous alkaline medium in the presence of a catalyst comprising a platinum-group metal in the presence as an activator of at least one of lead, a lead compound, bismuth and a bismuth compound at a temperature of up to the boiling point of the resulting reaction mixture.

Abstract: An improvement in an electrical device containing a functional liquid wherein the functional liquid is a compound of the formula ##STR1## and the use of such compounds as dielectrics.

Abstract: Analines, meta-substituted by chlorine are prepared by reacting chloro-anilines having the formula ##STR1## wherein X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are the same or different and represent chlorine, hydrogen or optionally substituted alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxy or aralkoxy, with one of the radicals X.sup.1 or X.sup.2 representing chlorine when 3-chloroanilines are being prepared andX.sup.1 and X.sup.2 representing chlorine when 3,5-dichloroanilines are being prepared andR.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are the same or different and represent chlorine, hydrogen or optionally substituted alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxy or aralkoxy, with at least one of the radicals R.sup.1, R.sup.2 or R.sup.3 representing chlorinewith hydrogen in solution in a neutral or acid medium in the presence of noble metals which are in the elementary form or in the form of compounds and are optionally applied to supports, and in the presence of sulfur or sulfur compounds at elevated temperatures and under pressure.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of pure 2-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, pure 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol or a mixture of both hydroxybenzyl alcohols by reacting phenol and formaldehyde in the presence of a basic catalyst and subjecting the resulting reaction mixture to an at least 2-stage countercurrent extraction in a solvent system of water/organic solvent which is water-immiscible or water-miscible only to a limited extent.

Abstract: A process for the tertiary dealkylation of a tertiary alkyl containing m- and/or p-cresol wherein a tertiary alkyl containing m- and/or p-cresol is continously introduced into a reaction vessel with a small amount of sulfuric acid or an quivalent amount of a sulfonic acid and the reaction vessel contains a high concentration of m- and/or p-cresol or a high boiling phenol which under the prevailing reaction conditions is not substantially vaporized from the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture is maintained at a temperature of no greater than 230.degree. C. The reaction products are withdrawn continuously from the reactor (and separated into its components) and at the same time a small amount of the reaction mixture being withdrawn intermittently or continously from the reactor.

Abstract: A process for the continuous preparation of a ditertiary butylcresol wherein m- or p-cresol is reacted with isobutene at elevated temperature using H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 as catalyst wherein the process is carried out stepwise by introducing stepwise into a reaction mixture comprising substantially all of the cresol to be reacted with isobutene. The total amount of isobutene introduced is introduced such that less isobutene is charged in a last stage of the process than in the first stage thereof. Thereafter the catalyst is deactivated.

Abstract: Salicylaldehyde and other hydroxybenzaldehydes are prepared by oxydation of a hydroxybenzyl alcohol in the presence of a platinum metal catalyst and lead, silver, tellurium or tin or compounds thereof as activator.

Abstract: A process for the removal of acids and potential acid-forming agents from a composition containing such acids and potential acid-forming agents and an alkylphenol which composition is obtained by reacting phenols with alkenes in the presence of sulfuric acid or a sulfonic acid, and for treating the effluent thereby obtained, the process being characterized by the steps of:(a) extracting a major amount of the acid constituents from the alkylphenol mixture by means of water;(b) treating the alkylphenol mixture with a dilute aqueous alkali solution in an amount such that the alkali is insufficient to neutralize all the acid originally present in the alkylphenol mixture,(c) separating the alkylphenol mixture from the aqueous alkali solution;(d) combining the aqueous phases obtained from steps (a) and (b);(e) heating the combined aqueous phases to a temperature of 100.degree. to 200.degree. C,(f) separating off the organic phase obtained in step (e); and(g) discharging the aqueous phase.

Abstract: Indan-5-yl-N-methylcarbamic acid esters of the formula ##STR1## in which R represents hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl,R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl,R.sup.2 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl,R.sup.3 represents hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl andR.sup.4 represents hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy,Which possess arthropodicidal and fungicidal properties.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of azodicarbonamide by oxidation of hydrazodicarbonamide in an aqueous suspension containing hydrogen peroxide wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of iodine at a temperature between 50.degree. and 95.degree. C. while the reaction mixture has a pH ranging from 1.0 to 5.0.

Abstract: Thymol can be prepared on a continuous basis by reacting m-cresol with propylene and/or compounds which eliminate propylene, over aluminum oxide catalysts in the presence of a nitrogen base. The aluminum oxide catalyst is an active or activated hydrated aluminum oxide having a particle size between 0.5 and 20 mm, a BET surface area of at least 200 m.sup.2 /g, a porosity equal to or greater than 0.5 mm/g, a boehmite content of 5 to 40 percent by weight, and an X-ray spectrum which shows the reflections of .gamma.-alumina wherein the content of microcrystalline constituents is less than 50 percent by weight.

Abstract: A method of preparing a meta-chloroaniline by contacting a substituted aniline containing a chlorine substituent at other than a meta position and a chlorine substituent at the meta position with hydrogen in solution in an acid medium in the presence of a noble metal catalyst at elevated temperature and pressure. The aniline reactant can contain organo substituents on the ring. The product which results is either a 3-chloroaniline or a 3,5-dichloroaniline which similarly can contain organo substituents on the ring.

Abstract: Phenols, meta-substituted by halogen are prepared by reacting halogenophenols of the formula ##STR1## wherein X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are identical or different and represent halogen, hydrogen or optionally substituted aryl or aralkyl, with at least one of the radicals X.sup.1 orX.sup.2 representing halogen, andR.sup.1, r.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are identical or different and represent hydrogen or optionally monosubstituted or polysubstituted aryl or aralkyl or chlorine, bromine or iodine, with at least one of the radicals R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 representing chlorine, bromine or iodine,With hydrogen under pressure at elevated temperature in the presence of elemental sulfur, or compounds thereof optionally in the presence of active charcoal and/or iron salts.

Abstract: A color photographic recording material is provided containing at least one dye image or a color coupler for the production of a dye image and the material contains in at least one hydrophilic layer a hydroxyindane as defined hereinafter to reduce the fading of the image dye on exposure to UV or visible light.

Abstract: 1,1,3,3-SUBSTITUTED HYDROXY INDANES HAVING THE FORMULA ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, which may be the same or different, are selected from the group of hydrogen, halogen and optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl and aryl, in addition to whichR.sup.2 and R.sup.3, when they are in the ortho position relative to one another, may be taken together with the carbon atoms of the benzene ring to which they are attached to form a 5 membered carbocyclic ring,R.sup.4 is ##STR2## wherein R.sup.10 and R.sup.11, which may be the same or different, are selected from the group of hydrogen and optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl and aryl, andR.sup.5, r.sup.6, r.sup.7, r.sup.8 and R.sup.9, which may be the same or different, are selected from the group of optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl and aryl, the arrangement being such thatR.sup.5 and R.sup.10 and/orR.sup.6 and R.sup.7 and/orR.sup.8 and R.sup.

Abstract: Object of the invention is a process for the production of 4-nitroso diphenylamine wherein N-nitroso diphenylamine is rearranged in the presence of an alcoholic hydrogen chloride solution by selecting the reaction conditions in such a way that the hydrochloride of 4-nitroso diphenylamine remains dissolved in the reaction medium. In this way spontaneous, uncontrollable decompositions do not occur.

Abstract: Thermographic recording material or image-receiving material for dry copying processes comprising at least one layer and a substantially non-photosensitive reducible silver salt, a reducing agent, and optionally a toning agent or toning mixture, wherein the reducing agent corresponds to the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein: EACH OF R.sup.1, R.sup.3 and R.sup.5 (equal or different) represents hydrogen, a straight-chain or branched alkyl group comprising 1 to 9 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group, with the proviso that R.sup.1 and R.sup.5 do not represent hydrogen simultaneously,R.sup.2 represents a straight-chain or branched alkyl group comprising 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group,R.sup.4 represents hydrogen, or a straight-chain or branched alkyl group comprising 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group,And wherein each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together or R.sup.4 and R.sup.

Abstract: Meta-chlorobenzene sulphonyl chloride and metadichlorobenzene are prepared by reacting benzene sulphonyl chloride with chlorine in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst at a temperature of from 0.degree. to 150.degree. C. After removing the catalyst, the resulting m-chlorobenzene sulphonyl chloride is reacted to form m-dichlorobenzene. The m-chlorobenzene sulphonyl chloride is preferably isolated prior to being reacted to m-dichlorobenzene. The reaction forming m-dichlorobenzene can be carried out via thermal clevage, thermal chlorolysis or chlorolysis initiated photochemically or by radicals.