Abstract: Process for curing powder lacquers by coating substrates with the powder lacquers and irradiating by radiation in the near infrared range (NIR radiation), which is characterized in that the curing times and/or the surface temperatures, obtainable by means of the radiation during certain curing times, of the substrates coated with the powder lacquers are controlled by setting the barium sulfate and/or aluminium oxide content of the powder lacquers to 1 to 50 wt. % and/or setting the carbon black content of the powder lacquers to 0.1 to 5 wt. %, the percentages by weight relating to the entire powder lacquer composition in each case.

Abstract: Method of lacquering a substrate by applying a clear-lacquer coating compound to a precoated substrate or a one-coat top lacquer coating compound to an optionally precoated substrate, followed by curing, the substrate being a motor-vehicle body or parts thereof, in which the substrate is subjected, after the application of the clear-lacquer coating compound or one-coat top lacquer coating compound, optionally to a drying phase and the curing is then performed by irradiation with NIR radiation having the wavelength from 760 to 1500 nm.

Abstract: Process for working up powder coating waste to yield reusable powder coatings by compacting the powder coating waste without complete melting to yield a sintered product, in which process powder coating residues arising during powder coating production are continuously separated, continuously compacted and the compacted product is continuously ground together with fresh material to be ground of the same batch of powder coating without extrusion to yield a powder coating.

Abstract: A process for working up powder lacquer wastes to give re-useable powder lacquers by compacting the powder lacquer wastes, without completely melting them, to give a sintered product, in which mixtures of different types of powder lacquer wastes or mixtures of powder lacquer wastes with different standard powder lacquers are compacted and the compacted products obtained are milled to give powder lacquers without an extrusion treatment.

Abstract: A process for multilayer lacquering, wherein a surfacer coating compound is applied to an optionally precoated substrate and then cured, a top coat layer of a color-imparting and/or special effect-imparting base coat and a clear coat coating compound or of a pigmented one-coat top coat coating compound is applied to the surfacer layer obtained and cured, wherein, after application of the surfacer coating compound, the not yet cured surfacer layer is irradiated with NIR radiation in the wave length range from 760 to 1500 nm.

Abstract: Process for the production of powder finishes on metallic or non-metallic surfaces, characterized in that powder coating compositions are used which contain resins which may be crosslinked by means of functional groups capable of forming hydrogen bonds, wherein the functional groups are present at a concentration of greater than 100 mmol/kg of powder coating composition, the powder coating compositions are applied to the substrate and are melted and cured by NIR irradiation.

Abstract: The invention relates to homogeneously colored polyester particles having a mean particle size <50 &mgr;m and a monomodal particle size distribution with a span (=d90−d10/d50)≦2.5, which can be melted at temperatures <200° C. to form a continuous coating, to a process for their preparation and to their use for powder coatings. In a preferred embodiment the particles comprise units of formulae (1) and (2) —CO—X—CO  (1) —O—D—O—  (2) where X is a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C14 aromatic radical or an alkylene, polymethylene, cycloalkane or dimethylene-cycloalkane group or a straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkanediyl group and D is an alkylene, polymethylene, cycloalkane or dimethylene-cycloalkane group or a straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkanediyl group.

Abstract: The invention relates to spherical transparent polyester particles having a mean particle size <50 .mu.m and a monomodal particle size distribution having a span (d90-d10/d50)<2.5 which can be melted to form a continuous coating at temperatures <200.degree. C., to a process for their preparation and to their use for powder coatings.In a preferred embodiment the particles comprise units of formulae (I) and (2)--CO--X--CO (1)--O--D--O-- (2)whereX is a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6 to C.sub.14 -aromatic radical or an alkylene, polymethylene, cycloalkane or dimethylenecycloalkane group or a straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkanediyl group andD is an alkylene, polymethylene, cycloalkane or dimethylenecycloalkane group or a straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkanediyl group.

Abstract: A colored pulverulent coating composition comprising spherical particles having a mean particle size >40 .mu.m, in two or more different color tints, where at least the particles of one color tint are colored and the particles of the other color tint may be colorless. The particles employed for the mixture each have a monomodal particle size distribution with a span (d90-d90/d50) of .ltoreq.2.5. Furthermore the pulverulent coating composition can be melted at temperature <200.degree. C. to form a continuous coating, the differences in color which stem from the different-colored particles being indistinguishable to the human eye in the cured coating. The mean particle size (d50) of the spherical particles is preferably in the range from 40 .mu.m to >10 .mu.m. The novel coating composition can be used to produce coatings having a thickness of <50 .mu.m.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of polyether-amide solutions, steam-sterilizable dialysis membranes obtainable using the polyether-amide solutions, and a process for the production of these membranes.Polycondensation of one or more dicarboxylic acid derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## with one or more aromatic diamines of the formula II ##STR2## and, if appropriate, m-phenylenediamine, in aprotic polar solvents is known.As a result of passing ammonia, in an amount sufficient to neutralize the HCl formed, into the polymer solution obtained after the end of the polycondensation and filtering off the ammonium chloride formed, it is possible to prepare neutral, salt-free and particularly storage-stable polyether-amide solutions which can be further processed to membranes without isolation of the polymer. The resulting membranes are steam-sterilizable, chemically and thermally stable and show efficiency data in the region of that of good high-flux dialysis membranes.

Abstract: To prepare nitrogen-containing polycondensates, a starting substance which still contains reactive end groups is dispersed in a high-boiling inert solvent, preferably in the presence of a dispersing auxiliary, low molecular weight by-products are distilled off at elevated temperature, the batch is cooled and the dispersed polycondensate is isolated. To prepare the starting substance, a mixture of at least two monomers which react with one another is heated up to a constant reaction temperature, a melt being formed at least in part, but initially no homogeneous melt occurring. The reaction is continued until a homogeneous melt is present. The precondensate formed is then dispersed in the high-boiling inert solvent and the condensation reaction is brought to completion.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of polyesters by polycondensation of dicarboxylic acid-diol precondensates (oligomers) at elevated temperature in a liquid heat transfer medium in the presence of customary polycondensation catalysts and, if appropriate, cocondensable modifying agents, wherein the liquid heat transfer medium is inert and free of aromatic structural groups and has a boiling point in the range from 200.degree. to 320.degree. C., wherein the weight ratio of dicarboxylic acid-diol precondensate (oligomers) employed to liquid heat transfer medium is in the range from 20:80 to 80:20 and wherein the polycondensation is carried out in the reaction mixture at 200.degree. to 320.degree. C. in the presence of a dispersion stabilizer. Furthermore, the polyesters and copolyester which can be prepared by the process and their use are described.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) in which the symbols have the following meanings: R.sup.1 is straight-chain or branched (C.sub.3 -C.sub.2)alkenyl containing a terminal double bond, it being possible for one or two non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups to be replaced by O and/or S atoms, A and B, independently of one another, are phenyl, diazine-2,5-diyl or diazine-3,6-diyl, with the proviso that one of the groups A or B is phenyl and the other is diazine, X is O or S, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, independently of one another, are H, straight-chain (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)alkyl or branched (C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 )alkyl, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 not simultaneously being H, have the property of increasing the phase width in CC mixtures or depressing the melting point.

Abstract: This invention provides novel polymers which contain discrete photoconductive and electrooptic moieties. The moieties may exist as part of the main chain of the polymer or as pendant side chains. The polymers have utility as transparent photorefractive media in photorefractive devices.

Abstract: This invention provides novel vinyl polymers with pendant side chains which exhibit nonlinear optical response. The polymers have utility as a transparent optical media in optical devices.