Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for monitoring characteristics of cameras used for road surveillance. In some implementations, a plurality of first image frames are obtained from a camera monitoring a specific geographical area. For each first image frame of the plurality of first image frames, a second image frame is generated by adjusting a viewpoint of the first image frame. A third image frame is generated by rasterizing the second image frame. Photonic content is identified in the third image frame. Invariant components are determined in a plurality of third image frames based on the photonic content identified in subsequent third image frames. Position changes of the camera are determined by identifying position changes of the invariant components in the subsequent third image frames. In response to determining the position changes of the camera, a position of the camera is adjusted.