Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to compositions and methods of treating arthritogenic alphavirus infection. Compositions include a fusion protein comprising an Fc region, a first Mxra8 region, and a second Mxra8 region, wherein the fusion protein reduces inflammation and infection by an arthritogenic alphavirus. Methods include administering the fusion protein to a mammalian or non-mammalian subject to reduce or inhibit alphavirus infection.

Abstract: A system and method includes a circuit for protecting a photovoltaic string. A bypass switch connects in parallel to the photovoltaic string and a hot spot protection switch connects in series with the photovoltaic string. A first control signal controls opening and closing of the bypass switch and a second control signal controls opening and closing of the hot spot protection switch. Upon detection of a hot spot condition the first control signal closes the bypass switch and after the bypass switch is closed the second control signal opens the hot spot protection switch.

Abstract: A system and method includes a circuit for protecting a photovoltaic string. A bypass switch connects in parallel to the photovoltaic string and a hot spot protection switch connects in series with the photovoltaic string. A first control signal controls opening and closing of the bypass switch and a second control signal controls opening and closing of the hot spot protection switch. Upon detection of a hot spot condition the first control signal closes the bypass switch and after the bypass switch is closed the second control signal opens the hot spot protection switch.