Abstract: A method of cryopreserving sperm cells which may include cooling the quantity of sperm cells to a holding temperature, maintaining the sperm cells substantially at the holding temperature for a period, and supercooling the sperm cells by cooling the sperm cells at a first cooling rate to a temperature that approaches a critical temperature zone at which ice crystal formation and changes in osmotic pressure damage sperm cells and then cooling the sperm at a second cooling rate faster than said first cooling rate through said critical temperature zone.

Abstract: A method of processing animal sperm cells that includes: collecting sperm cells from a male animal; sorting the sperm cells to obtain a quantity of sperm cells having a desired characteristic, the quantity of sorted sperm cells being contained in a first volume of fluid having a first concentration of sperm cells; and subjecting the sperm cells to concentration steps in which the concentration of the sperm cells is increased to a second concentration greater than the first concentration.

Abstract: Staining mixtures comprising viable spermatozoa, a composition which regulates oxidation/reduction reactions intracellularly or extracellularly, and a DNA selective dye are disclosed. The cells contained in such suspensions tend to have a greater capacity for enduring the various process steps typically associated with the sorting of sperm cells into gender enriched populations, thereby resulting in post-sort compositions with an increased number of viable or motile sperm. Processes for staining sperm cells comprising the formation of a staining mixture are also disclosed.

Abstract: Processes of storing sorted and unsorted spermatozoa, in the form of a sperm dispersion, having reduced motility relative to endogenous ejaculated sperm are disclosed. The immotile spermatozoa of the dispersion tend to have a greater capacity for enduring the rigors associated with storage, transportation, and fertilization procedures. Processes for providing such sperm dispersions, for inseminating a female mammal with such sperm dispersions, as well as compositions and combinations comprising the sperm dispersions, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Sperm cell suspensions comprising a motility inhibitor are disclosed. The cells contained in such suspensions tend to have a greater capacity for enduring the various process steps typically associated with the sorting of sperm cells into gender enriched populations, thereby resulting in post-sort compositions with an increased number of viable or motile sperm. Processes for forming such cell suspensions, as well as processes for staining sperm cells, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Processes and compositions are provided for regulating COX2 gene expression in a cell. The process includes selecting a polyamide composition comprising N-methyl pyrrole (Py) and N-methyl imidazole (Im) to provide specific binding to DNA at a COX2 gene target site in a cell. The polyamide is then combined with the cell containing the COX2 gene, wherein the polyamide binds to the COX2 gene promoter target site and regulates transcription of the COX2 gene.

Abstract: A method for enhancing cellular uptake and redistributing gene regulating polyamides from the extranuclear areas in eukaryotic cells to the nucleus thereof. The method consists of administering to the eukaryotic cells a molecular trafficking compound. The administered molecular trafficking compound affects cellular pathways and mechanisms that accumulate polyamides in cytoplasmic vessicles and/or efflux polyamides from the intracellular regions of cell. The method also includes modifying polyamides to contain negatively-charged or acidic moieties wherein the moieties inhibit the accumulation of polyamides in cellular lysosomes. By affecting the cellular pathways and mechanisms, the polyamides are redistributed throughout the cell, whereby nuclear accumulation of the polyamides is enhanced.