Abstract: There is disclosed a display apparatus using a long-lived MIM electron source that is excellent in grayscale controllability. In a device including an MIM dielectric layer having a film thickness of 9.6 nm, the diode current Id rises exponentially from around 4.8 V together with the voltage. The emission current Ie rises exponentially from 4.7 V. That is, VthIe<VthId or VthIe?VthId. A detailed measurement has shown that the difference between VthIe and VthId is less than 0.3 V.

Abstract: The present invention aims to form an electron emission film containing an alkali metal compound or the like without causing alkali attack on the metal wiring. An FED display device comprises: an electron source including an electron emission film 13 on the surface thereof; and metal wirings 17, 18 and the like for supplying a signal or the like to the electron source. After forming on the surface of the metal wiring 18 an corrosion resistant film 21 comprising a reactive film or adsorption film with phosphorus, an alkali metal or the like is coated onto or added into the electron emission film 13. The addition of phosphorus is made fewer than the chemical equivalent of the alkali metal salt. Such configuration can improve the electron emission efficiency of the electron source without the metal wiring being corroded by alkali metal or the like.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element which has the high speed response and the high contrast and a display device employing the same are provided. In a display device employing a reflection type liquid crystal light valve, a retardation of a retardation plate which is provided between a polarizing element such as a polarizing beam splitter and the reflection type liquid crystal light valve is generally made ¼ of the wavelength of the incident light, and an optical axis (a slow axis or a fast axis) of the retardation plate and the polarizing direction of the incident polarized light are shifted from each other by slightly larger than 0 degree in order to arrange such optical elements.

Abstract: In a display device is capable of performing the gradation display of high bits by regulating the sheet resistance of the signal lines according to the set operation conditions of a display panel, plural pixels that are formed of plural sub-pixels each consisting of a pair of a cathode and a phosphor layer are arranged in a matrix to constitute a two-dimensional display region, and wherein when Ry is a vertical resolution of the display region, ? is a cathode efficiency, Ies is a peak current per color sub-pixel, Ed [V] is the maximum amplitude of a drive voltage that is applied to the signal lines, b is the number of gradation bits, and SR[?/?] is a sheet resistance of the signal lines, SR<?·Ed/3·2b·Ies·Ry is satisfied.

Abstract: A flat panel display device is provided which prevents color mixture of the phosphor surface thereof to promote high brightness and longer operation life. The flat panel display device is configured such that a front substrate 2 provided with the phosphor surface and a back substrate 1 provided with electron sources 10 arranged in a matrix manner are arranged to be opposed to each other via a support frame 3 and both the substrates 1, 2 and the support frame 3 are hermetically sealed. The electron source 10 has a triangular surface which faces the front substrate 2.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a thin-film cathode having a base electrode, an upper electrode and an electron accelerator disposed therebetween and made of an insulator or a semiconductor, wherein a diode current rises with a lower threshold voltage that that in the background art, so that a diode current required for electron emission can be secured with a low voltage, and to obtain an image display device long in life and low in power consumption. Platinum-group metal (Group VIII), noble metal belonging to Group Ib, or a laminated film, a mixed film or an alloy film of those materials containing an alkali metal oxide, an alkaline earth metal compound or a compound of transition metal belonging to Group III to VII from the interface with an electron accelerator to the surface is used as an upper electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a projection type liquid crystal display device capable of achieving a high contrast ratio without causing optical leakage on boundary wavelength regions of three color light components in the case of a black display. The projection type liquid crystal display device is provided with a first and a second retarder stacks each of which has cut-off wavelengths. The cut-off wavelength on the short wavelength side of the first retarder stack is placed on a shorter wavelength side as compared with the cut-off wavelength on the short wavelength side of the second retarder stack, and the cut-off wavelength on the long wavelength side of the first retarder stack is placed on a longer wavelength side as compared with the cut-off wavelength on the long wavelength side of the second retarder stack.

Abstract: A liquid crystal projector splits light from a light source into three lights of three different primary colors, respectively, through an optical system, enters the three lights into three liquid crystal display panels corresponding to the three different primary colors, respectively, combines the three lights reflected from the three liquid crystal display panels using a prism, and projects the combined three lights through a first lens onto a screen. The liquid crystal projector is provided with two second lenses each of which is disposed at a respective one of two entrance sides of the prism on which the three reflected lights are incident, and a combination of the two second lenses, the prism and the first lens constitute a projection lens optical system which projects the combined three lights onto the screen.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element which has the high speed response and the high contrast and a display device employing the same are provided. In a display device employing a reflection type liquid crystal light valve, a retardation of a retardation plate which is provided between a polarizing element such as a polarizing beam splitter and the reflection type liquid crystal light valve is generally made ¼ of the wavelength of the incident light, and an optical axis (a slow axis or a fast axis) of the retardation plate and the polarizing direction of the incident polarized light are shifted from each other by slightly larger than 0 degree in order to arrange such optical elements.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display-element which has the high speed response and the high contrast and a display device employing the same are provided. In a display device employing a reflection type liquid crystal light valve, a retardation of a retardation plate which is provided between a polarizing element such as a polarizing beam splitter and the reflection type liquid crystal light valve is generally made ¼ of the wavelength of the incident light, and an optical axis (a slow axis or a fast axis) of the retardation plate and the polarizing direction of the incident polarized light are shifted from each other by slightly larger than 0 degree in order to arrange such optical elements.

Abstract: A color liquid crystal projector has an optical system for color splitting. The optical system includes a mirror for reflecting a first primary-color light and transmitting second and third primary-color lights in light from a light source; a first phase plate for transmitting the second primary-color light from the mirror with its polarization degree rotated through 90°, and for transmitting the third primary-color light; a first prism for transmitting the second primary-color light from the first phase plate into a second liquid crystal display panel, and reflecting the third primary-color light from the first phase plate into a third liquid crystal display panel; a second prism for entering the first primary-color light from the mirror into a first liquid crystal display panel; and a dichroic prism for combining the first, second and third primary-color lights reflected from the liquid crystal display panels.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element which has the high speed response and the high contrast and a display device employing the same are provided. In a display device employing a reflection type liquid crystal light valve, a retardation of a retardation plate which is provided between a polarizing element such as a polarizing beam splitter and the reflection type liquid crystal light valve is generally made ¼ of the wavelength of the incident light, and an optical axis (a slow axis or a fast axis) of the retardation plate and the polarizing direction of the incident polarized light are shifted from each other by slightly larger than 0 degree in order to arrange such optical elements.

Abstract: A color liquid crystal projector has an optical system for color splitting. The optical system includes a mirror for reflecting a first primary-color light and transmitting second and third primary-color lights in light from a light source; a first phase plate for transmitting the second primary-color light from the mirror with its polarization degree rotated through 90°, and for transmitting the third primary-color light; a first prism for transmitting the second primary-color light from the first phase plate into a second liquid crystal display panel, and reflecting the third primary-color light from the first phase plate into a third liquid crystal display panel; a second prism for entering the first primary-color light from the mirror into a first liquid crystal display panel; and a dichroic prism for combining the first, second and third primary-color lights reflected from the liquid crystal display panels.