Abstract: A measuring device for measuring an inspection target on the basis of vibration generated when the inspection target has been irradiated with laser light includes a condensing position deriving portion configured to derive an amount of adjustment of a distance between condensing lenses of a laser condensing unit configured to condense the laser light on the basis of a distance between a laser device configured to radiate the laser light and an irradiation location of the laser light and a communicating portion configured to transmit control information including information representing the amount of adjustment to the laser condensing unit.

Abstract: An electromagnetic brake interposed between a fixed housing and a rotating member. The electromagnetic brake includes a multiplate brake mechanism, a ringlike core member fixed through an annular brake guide inside the fixed housing, an exciting coil accommodated in an annular groove formed on the core member, and a ringlike armature member arranged radially outside of the core member. Each of the core member and the armature member has a plurality of tapering surfaces. The tapering surfaces of the core member are respectively complementary in shape to the tapering surfaces of the armature member. The electromagnetic brake further includes a cylindrical pressure member movable in a direction of pressing the multiplate brake mechanism. The cylindrical pressure member has one end fixed to the armature member and another end engaged with the multiplate brake mechanism.

Abstract: The power transmission mechanism reliably starts an internal combustion engine that is stopped during travel of a vehicle. While the internal combustion engine is stopped and the internal combustion engine and the transmission are disengaged by the main clutch, it is determined whether the mode is the EV travel mode, corresponding to the driving mode by the electric motor. In the case of the motor driving mode, and if the vehicle speed is less than a predetermined value, the engine is started in a neutral mode. If the vehicle speed is higher than a predetermined value, the engine is started in a standby mode. When starting in the standby mode, a gear set is selected based on the vehicle speed, and the input shaft and the output shaft are engaged.

Abstract: A torque cam mechanism comprises first and second cam members disposed relatively rotatably around a common axis and cam balls adapted to fit in first and second cam grooves formed, respectively, in confronting surfaces of the first and second cam members. The depth of the first cam grooves is made larger than the radius of the cam balls, whereas the depth of the second cam grooves is made smaller than the radius of the cam balls, whereby even though a centrifugal force is applied to the cam balls which rotate together with the first and second cam members, the generation of thrust forces for separating the confronting surfaces of the first and second cam members can be suppressed by receiving the centrifugal force so applied to the cam balls by the first cam grooves which are deeper.

Abstract: An electromagnetic brake interposed between a fixed housing and a rotating member. The electromagnetic brake includes a multiplate brake mechanism, a ringlike core member fixed through an annular brake guide inside the fixed housing, an exciting coil accommodated in an annular groove formed on the core member, and a ringlike armature member arranged radially outside of the core member. Each of the core member and the armature member has a plurality of tapering surfaces. The tapering surfaces of the core member are respectively complementary in shape to the tapering surfaces of the armature member. The electromagnetic brake further includes a cylindrical pressure member movable in a direction of pressing the multiplate brake mechanism. The cylindrical pressure member has one end fixed to the armature member and another end engaged with the multiplate brake mechanism.

Abstract: The present invention reliably starts an internal combustion engine that is stopped during travel of the vehicle. While the internal combustion engine is stopped and the internal combustion engine and the transmission are disengaged by the main clutch, it is determined whether the mode is the EV travel mode, corresponding to the driving mode by the electric motor. In the case of the motor driving mode, and if the vehicle speed is less than a predetermined value, the engine is started in neutral mode. If the vehicle speed is higher than a predetermined value, the engine is started in standby mode. When starting in the standby mode, a gear set is selected based on the vehicle speed, and the input shaft and the output shaft are engaged.

Abstract: A torque cam mechanism comprises first and second cam members disposed relatively rotatably around a common axis and cam balls adapted to fit in first and second cam grooves formed, respectively, in confronting surfaces of the first and second cam members. The depth of the first cam grooves is made larger than the radius of the cam balls, whereas the depth of the second cam grooves is made smaller than the radius of the cam balls, whereby even though a centrifugal force is applied to the cam balls which rotate together with the first and second cam members, the generation of thrust forces for separating the confronting surfaces of the first and second cam members can be suppressed by receiving the centrifugal force so applied to the cam balls by the first cam grooves which are deeper.

Abstract: The present invention ensures that the warping of an annular disk body of a brake disk, in the direction of a rotational axis, due to a friction heat, is inhibited to a large extent. The brake disk includes an aluminum alloy matrix, a plurality of alumina aggregates dispersed in the matrix, and a plurality of fine alumina grains. The alumina aggregates have an aspect ratio A larger than 1. In an annular disk body, the alumina aggregates are oriented with their lengthwise directions aligned with the radial direction of the disk body.

Abstract: To inhibit the excessive wearing of a friction contact surface forming portion of a brake drum and a friction member by the abrading action of a worn powder and the like, and to reinforce the friction contact surface forming portion, in a drum body of a brake drum, an annular friction contact surface forming section includes a plurality of composite portions disposed in a circumferential direction thereof, each comprising a metal matrix and a large number of dispersions, and a plurality of metal portions formed only of a metal. Thus, it is possible to force a worn powder and the like into each of the metal portions of the friction contact surface forming section by the urging force of the friction member during a braking operation to retain the worn powder and the like.

Abstract: A feed-forward control section controls, in a feed-forward manner, left and right hydraulic clutches C.sub.L and C.sub.R of a driving force distributing device by presuming such a driving force distribution amount .DELTA.T that a yaw rate corresponding to a turning state of a vehicle is obtained, based on an engine torque, an engine revolution-number, a vehicle speed, a steering angle and a lateral acceleration. On the other hand, a feedback control section calculates a deviation between a reference yaw rate calculated from the vehicle speed and the lateral acceleration and an actual yaw rate detected by a yaw rate sensor, and corrects the driving force distribution amount .DELTA.T calculating in the driving force distributing device in order to converge the deviation into zero.

Abstract: A driving force distributing device is provided for distributing a driving force of an engine to the left and right wheels of a vehicle by bringing a pair of hydraulic clutches into and out of their engaged states. The distributing device includes a hydraulic pump mounted within a casing thereof and driven through gears by a half shaft connected to one of the wheels. An oil passage interconnects the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic clutches, the oil passage being defined in a casing. A valve block is coupled to an upper surface of the casing. Thus, the oil passages interconnecting the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic clutches of the driving force distributing device can be compactly formed.

Abstract: A laser-emitting head (12) is placed in a cavity (6) of an aluminum hollow and profile material (3), the material being of a desired shape in cross section and having an inner peripheral wall. A laser beam of an energy level capable of cutting the material is irradiated from the cavity onto the inner peripheral wall while the head is being rotated along the wall in a circular direction. The hollow and profile material (3) can be sliced in this manner to produce knuckles (1) as one of automobile parts, even if it is of a comparatively large size adapted for production of larger knuckles.

Abstract: A power transmitting system of a four-wheel drive vehicle having primary driven wheels driven directly by a prime mover, and subsidiary driven wheels driven through a hydraulic clutch. The power transmitting system comprises a first hydraulic pump driven in operative association with the primary driven wheels and a second hydraulic pump driven in operative association with the subsidiary driven wheels. Each hydraulic pump has a pair of ports which serve as an intake and a discharge with the functions of such ports being reversed between forward and backward movement of the vehicle. A first oil passage connects the intake port of one pump with the discharge of the other pump and a second oil passage connects the discharge of the one pump with the intake of the other pump. Third and fourth oil passages connect the first and second oil passages, respectively, with a working hydraulic pressure chamber in the hydraulic clutch.