Abstract: Disclosed is a polymeric composite material in which metal sulfide microparticles having optical characteristics are uniformly dispersed and suspended in a high polymer material at high concentration. The polymeric composite material comprises metal sulfide microparticles formed by a reaction of a functional group in a matrix forming material having the functional group, the metal sulfide microparticles being dispersed in a matrix. It is desirable that the matrix includes a compound having the structure represented by formulae (1) to (5).

Abstract: The present invention provides a nonlinear optical element having a sufficient thickness that can be used as a thin film insusceptible to crack and a process for the preparation thereof. A novel nonlinear optical element which gives a nonlinear response to incident light is provided, comprising finely divided grains of a semiconductor or metal, which grains have been separated out with the reaction of a functional group in a matrix-forming substance containing said functional group, dispersed in a matrix. A process for the preparation of a nonlinear optical element which gives a nonlinear response to incident light is also provided, which comprises mixing a solution of a matrix-forming substance containing a functional group with a metal, a semiconductor or a precursor thereof to form a uniform solution, and then allowing said functional group to undergo reaction to form a matrix while allowing finely divided grains of said metal or semiconductor to be separated out in said matrix.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a conductive substrate having thereon an undercoat layer and a photoconductive layer, the undercoat layer comprising a specific polymer compound which is prepared by using at least one of monomers represented by formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and A represents a group represented by formula (2), (3), (4), (5) or (6): ##STR2## where the symbols in the above formulae are defined in the specification.

Abstract: A charge transporting polymer represented by formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an acyl group or --CONH--R, wherein R' represents an alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be the same or different, each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a substituted amino group, a halogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; X represents a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aromatic group; y represents 0 or 1; m represents 0 or 1; n represents an integer of 1 to 5; and p represents an integer of 5 to 5000,a process for producing the same, and an organic electron device containing the same, such as an electrophotographic photoreceptor are disclosed. The charge transporting polymer is excellent in solubility, film-forming properties, mechanical strength, positive hole mobility, and stability to repeated use.

Abstract: In order to provide a laminate type organic photoconductor for electrophotography excellent in abrasion resistance and having enhanced stability of characteristics and high productivity, a binder resin of a charge transport layer as an outermost layer of the laminate type photoconductor includes a specified copolymer polycarbonate resin containing at least one constitutional unit of those represented by a formula (1) and at least one constitutional unit of those represented by a formula(2).

Abstract: An image input device is capable of reading original mediums of different sizes. The input device includes an original holder, an illumination assembly, and an image composing assembly with first and second imaging assemblies having different magnifications. An image reading assembly having at least one sensor reads an image formed by the image composing assembly. An optical path switching assembly switches between a first optical path, which directs the reflecting light to the first imaging assembly, and a second optical path, which directs the reflecting light through the original to the second imaging assembly. A focusing assembly detects the focus condition of the image composed by the image composing assembly and performs a focusing operation. A driving assembly drives both the focusing assembly and the optical path switching assembly.

Abstract: A photoconductor for electrophotography includes a conductive substrate; an undercoating layer formed on the conductive substrate; a charge generation layer formed on the undercoating layer; and a charge transport layer formed on the charge generation layer, wherein the undercoating layer comprises a coating film containing as the main constituent thereof an addition compound containing iodine added thereto, and wherein the charge generation layer comprises a P-type charge generation material containing iodine added thereto.

Abstract: A photosensitive body for electrophotography having improved properties in the charging characteristics, photosensitivity, and stability in repeated use. The photosensitive body for electrophotography comprises a photoconductive layer formed on a conductive support through an undercoat layer, the undercoat layer containing at least one polyester compound having repeated units represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A and B each independently represents a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon or aromatic hydrocarbon which is optionally substituted, at least one of A and B being selected from the group consisting of specific divalent groups, and n is 10-10,000.

Abstract: A charge transporting polymer represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an acyl group or --CONH--R' wherein R' represents an alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be the same or different, each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a substituted amino group, a halogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; X represents a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aromatic group; y represents 0 or 1; m represents 0 or 1; n represents an integer of 1 to 5; and p represents an integer of 5 to 5000,a process for producing the same, and an organic electron device containing the same, such as an electrophotographic photoreceptor are disclosed. The charge transporting polymer is excellent in solubility, film-forming properties, mechanical strength, positive hole mobility, and stability to repeated use.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor has a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer formed on the substrate. The photosensitive layer contains one compound which is selected from the group of the compounds represented by the formulae (I), (II), (III), (IV), and (V). Therefore, the electrophotographic photoreceptor shows stable characteristics, good durability, and long span of life in repeat use.

Abstract: A photoconductor for electrophotography includes an electroconductive substrate; and a photosensitive layer provided on the electroconductive substrate and composed of an intermediate layer, a charge generation layer, and a charge transfer layer laminated in this order, wherein the intermediate layer is a doped layer and is composed of a cured layer of a copolycondensate between an amino resin and a phenolic resin hat has been subjected to doping with at least one dopant.

Abstract: A resistive element film-forming paste includes (1) an organic metal compound, (2) at least one organic non-metal additive, and (3) a solution of asphalt in a solvent. A resistive element is formed by coating the paste on a substrate followed by calcining.

Abstract: A positively charged organic photosensitive body is provided, the photosensitive body being free from public hazards, and being highly sensitive and highly durable. The photosensitive body has a photosensitive layer of a laminated structure on a conductive substrate. The photosensitive layer has a charge transport layer (I) having hole mobility, a charge generation layer, and a charge transport layer (II) containing a curing product of a doped amino resin and having electron mobility. The charge transport layer (I), the charge generation layer, and the charge transport layer (II) are laminated in this order on the conductive substrate. Various suitable substances may be added to the charge transport layer (II), thereby enhancing its durability without deteriorating the photosensitive characteristics.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor high in sensitivity and contrast potential after light irradiation is disclosed. The photoreceptor comprises an electroconductive substrate having thereon a photoconductive layer comprising a charge generating layer comprising a charge generating material, and a charge transporting layer comprising a charge transporting material, wherein the ionization potential IPg of the charge generating material is lower than the ionization potential IPt of the charge transporting material, the difference therebetween is 0.35 eV or less, and the difference between the ionization potential IPg1 of the charge generating layer and the ionization potential IPt1 of the charge transporting layer is within the range of -0.1 to +0.1 eV.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises an image sensing optical system including an image pickup element for converting an image to an electrical signal and a projection lens for projecting an image onto a photo-sensing plane of the image pickup element. The image sensing optical system is driven along an optical axis thereof while maintaining a relative positional relationship between the projection lens and the image pickup element to adjust the focal position. An apparatus may also comprise an image sensing optical system including an image pickup element for scanning an image to convert it to an electrical signal and a projection lens for projecting an image onto a photo-sensing plane of the image pickup element, a focus adjusting device for adjusting a focal position of the image sensing optical system and a detector for detecting an in-focus position of the image sensing optical system to the object.

Abstract: A resistive film-forming composition to be coated on a substrate and calcined to form a resistive film is disclosed, which contains an organic iridium compound selected from a compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an alkoxy group, a compound represented by formula (II):Ir(R.sup.4 COCR.sup.3 COR.sup.5).sub.3wherein R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 each represent an alkyl group. A uniform resistive film having excellent electrical characteristics can be formed with good adhesion to a substrate.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a conductive substrate having formed thereon a photosensitive layer is disclosed, wherein said photosensitive layer contains, as a binder resin, a polyiminocarbonate resin comprising at least one of recurring units represented by formulae (I), (II) and (III): ##STR1## wherein the symbols are as defined in the specification. The polyiminocarbonate resin exhibits satisfactory solvent solubility and high compatibility with a charge transporting material and a charge generating material to provide a coating composition having satisfactory stability with time and a uniform coating film. The photoreceptor therefore has excellent electrophotographic characteristics and satisfactory productivity.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member has a charge-generating layer which includes selected photosensitive pigment particles and a compound which is a tetracyanoanthraquinodimethane compound, an anthraquinone compound, a dicyanovinyl compound, or a special quinone compound. The compound is incorporated in an amount in a range from 0.01 to 2 molar equivalents, preferably 0.1 to 1 molar equivalent, to the pigment, which has a positive hole transporting property. The photossensitive member has a charge-transporting layer and can also have a protective layer. The pigment is a phthalocyanine series pigment, a squearyrium series p igment, or a perylene series pigment. A process of using the photosensitive member includes reversal development and multicolor toner transfer. It is found that the process is adaptable to change in size of the transfer medium.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a conductive support having thereon a photosensitive layer is disclosed, wherein a charge transport layer constituting said photosensitive layer or a protective layer formed on said photosensitive layer contains a charge transporting agent, said charge transporting agent being dissolved in a solid state or dispersed in a polycarbonate resin containing a monomer unit represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a cyano group, or a phenyl group; R.sub.2 represents a methyl group, a cyano group, or a phenyl group; or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are connected to each other to form a 5- or 6-membered saturated ring; X represents a chlorine atom or a bromine atom; n represents an integer; and m represents 0 or an integer.The photoreceptor exhibits high sensitivity with low residual potential.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member has a charge-generating layer which includes selected photosensitive pigment particles and a compound which is a tetracyanoanthraquinodimethane compound, an anthraquinone compound, a dicyanovinyl compound, or a special quinone compound. The compound is incorporated in an amount in a range from 0.01 to 2 molar equivalents, preferably 0.1 to 1 molar equivalent, to the pigment, which has a positive hole transporting property. The photosensitive member has a charge-transporting layer and can also have a protective layer. The pigment is a phthalocyanine series pigment, a squearyrium series pigment, or a perylene series pigment. A process of using the photosensitive member includes reversal development and multicolor toner transfer. It is found that the process is adaptable to change in size of the transfer medium.