Abstract: The present invention provides an application auxiliary tool that enables easy and quick application of a protective patch to a teat of a domestic animal, and a method of easily and quickly applying a protective patch to a teat of a domestic animal using the application auxiliary tool. An application auxiliary tool (2) for applying a protective patch (54) to a teat (64) of a domestic animal so as to protect a teat orifice (66) of the domestic animal includes: paired operation pieces (4a, 4b) that are rotatably connected to each other at their base ends (10a, 10b); and an elastic member (6) located between free ends (12a, 12b) of the paired operation pieces (4a, 4b).

Abstract: A teat opening protection patch is stuck to portions inclusive of the teat openings of livestock, and includes a laminate 1 of an elastic sheet 2 and an adhesive layer 3 laminated on one surface of the elastic sheet 2, the laminate 1 having a double-stretched tensile stress in a range of 0.1 to 5 N.

Abstract: A method of protecting a teat opening with a teat opening protection patch, which is stuck to portions inclusive of the teat openings of livestock, and includes a laminate 1 of an elastic sheet 2 and an adhesive layer 3 laminated on one surface of the elastic sheet 2, the laminate 1 having a double-stretched tensile stress in a range of 0.1 to 5 N.

Abstract: A teat opening protection Patch is stuck to portions inclusive of the teat openings of livestock, and includes a laminate 1 of an elastic sheet 2 and an adhesive layer 3 laminated on one surface of the elastic sheet 2, the laminate 1 having a double-stretched tensile stress in a range of 0.1 to 5 N.

Abstract: A teat opening protection patch is stuck to portions inclusive of the teat openings of livestock, and includes a laminate 1 of an elastic sheet 2 and an adhesive layer 3 laminated on one surface of the elastic sheet 2, the laminate 1 having a double-stretched tensile stress in a range of 0.1 to 5 N.

Abstract: A teat opening protection patch is stuck to portions inclusive of the teat openings of livestock, and includes a laminate 1 of an elastic sheet 2 and an adhesive layer 3 laminated on one surface of the elastic sheet 2, the laminate 1 having a double-stretched tensile stress in a range of 0.1 to 5 N.

Abstract: A teat opening protection patch is stuck to portions inclusive of the teat openings of livestock, and includes a laminate 1 of an elastic sheet 2 and an adhesive layer 3 laminated on one surface of the elastic sheet 2, the laminate 1 having a double-stretched tensile stress in a range of 0.1 to 5 N.

Abstract: A transmission device includes: a payload generator configured to generate a payload; and an adding unit configured to add payload information on the payload to the payload, wherein the payload to which the payload information is added is transmitted via a first lane, and management information on the first lane is transmitted via a second lane.

Abstract: A transmission device includes: a payload generator configured to generate a payload; and an adding unit configured to add payload information on the payload to the payload, wherein the payload to which the payload information is added is transmitted via a first lane, and management information on the first lane is transmitted via a second lane.

Abstract: A noise suppression method is used in an optical transmission system which includes node equipments transmitting a WDM optical signal. First node equipment drops a first optical signal from the WDM optical signal. The method includes: transmitting a failure signal that specifies the first optical signal from second node equipment to the first node equipment via a first route when the second node equipment arranged on the first route for transmitting the first optical signal to the first node equipment has detected a failure of the first optical signal; transmitting a shutoff signal that specifies the first optical signal from the first node equipment toward the second node equipment via the first route; and shutting off an optical output of a wavelength corresponding to the first optical signal in third node equipment that has relayed the failure signal and has received the shutoff signal.

Abstract: A node device in an optical transport ring network including plural node devices connected in a ring form using plural optical transmission paths so that optical transport frames of a working line and a protection line are transmitted using the plural optical transmission paths, includes a control information transmitter, when a failure occurs in the optical transmission paths, transmitting the optical transport frame to an opposing node device as a transmission destination node in the optical transmission paths, the optical transport frame including switching control information; and a switcher receiving the optical transport frame including switching control information, the optical transport frame being transmitted to the node device as the transmission destination node, forming a loop back to fold a transmission path between the plural optical transmission paths, and switching the optical transmission path from the work line to the protection line.

Abstract: A communication apparatus operable to set a path based on path setting information used to set a communication path over a communication network formed by a plurality of the communication apparatuses, the communication apparatus including a first storage medium operable to store first path setting information formatted with a first format, a second storage medium operable to store second path setting information formatted with a second format, and a controller operable to control to convert control information of the communication apparatus in which the first path setting information stored in the first storage medium is set, to the second path setting information formatted with the second format.

Abstract: A noise suppression method is used in an optical transmission system which includes node equipments transmitting a WDM optical signal. First node equipment drops a first optical signal from the WDM optical signal. The method includes: transmitting a failure signal that specifies the first optical signal from second node equipment to the first node equipment via a first route when the second node equipment arranged on the first route for transmitting the first optical signal to the first node equipment has detected a failure of the first optical signal; transmitting a shutoff signal that specifies the first optical signal from the first node equipment toward the second node equipment via the first route; and shutting off an optical output of a wavelength corresponding to the first optical signal in third node equipment that has relayed the failure signal and has received the shutoff signal.

Abstract: There is provided a communication device including a score information storage unit to store score information indicating a score as an evaluated value of a communication path; a receiver unit to receive a route connection notice including current score information; a routing unit to acquire the score information stored in the score information storage unit, and select the communication path next to the communication path based on the acquired score information of the communication path; a score updating unit to add a score of the communication path selected by the routing unit to the current score of the partial communication route indicated by the current score information, and update the current score information to the added score as a new current score; and a transmission unit to transmit the route connection notice including the current score information.

Abstract: A node device in an optical transport ring network including plural node devices connected in a ring form using plural optical transmission paths so that optical transport frames of a working line and a protection line are transmitted using the plural optical transmission paths, includes a control information transmitter, when a failure occurs in the optical transmission paths, transmitting the optical transport frame to an opposing node device as a transmission destination node in the optical transmission paths, the optical transport frame including switching control information; and a switcher receiving the optical transport frame including switching control information, the optical transport frame being transmitted to the node device as the transmission destination node, forming a loop back to fold a transmission path between the plural optical transmission paths, and switching the optical transmission path from the work line to the protection line.

Abstract: A network connection device for performing a process of transmitting and receiving a SONET/SDH frame includes a first protocol processor which processes a first network management protocol; a second protocol processor which processes a second network management protocol; a frame header extractor which extracts a header from the received SONET/SDH frame; and a protocol identifier which identifies a network management protocol based on the extracted frame header. The network connection device selects one of a control signal outputted from the first protocol processor and a control signal outputted from the second protocol processor based on a result of the identification, and outputs the control signal.

Abstract: There is provided a communication device including a score information storage unit to store score information indicating a score as an evaluated value of a communication path; a receiver unit to receive a route connection notice including current score information; a routing unit to acquire the score information stored in the score information storage unit, and select the communication path next to the communication path based on the acquired score information of the communication path; a score updating unit to add a score of the communication path selected by the routing unit to the current score of the partial communication route indicated by the current score information, and update the current score information to the added score as a new current score; and a transmission unit to transmit the route connection notice including the current score information.

Abstract: A communication apparatus operable to set a path based on path setting information used to set a communication path over a communication network formed by a plurality of the communication apparatuses, the communication apparatus including a first storage medium operable to store first path setting information formatted with a first format, a second storage medium operable to store second path setting information formatted with a second format, and a controller operable to control to convert control information of the communication apparatus in which the first path setting information stored in the first storage medium is set, to the second path setting information formatted with the second format.

Abstract: A network connection device for performing a process of transmitting and receiving a SONET/SDH frame includes a first protocol processor which processes a first network management protocol; a second protocol processor which processes a second network management protocol; a frame header extractor which extracts a header from the received SONET/SDH frame; and a protocol identifier which identifies a network management protocol based on the extracted frame header. The network connection device selects one of a control signal outputted from the first protocol processor and a control signal outputted from the second protocol processor based on a result of the identification, and outputs the control signal.

Abstract: In an optical amplifying technique using remote pumping, an optical transmitting apparatus and an optical repeating apparatus are provided. An optical repeating apparatus comprises a first optical transmitting unit, a first loopback unit, a second optical transmitting unit, a second loopback unit, and four optical couplers, wherein transmission light and reception light are transmitted through one optical fiber cable, whereby the installation cost and maintenance cost of the optical cable are decreased. Disconnect of the optical cable is detected by a monitoring function using pumping light and residual pumping light, whereby reliability and safety of the system are remarkably improved. Additionally, adjustment of the optical output level of the repeating station can be most suitably set according to an actual transmission distance.