Abstract: A developer roller is spaced apart by a developing gap from a photosensitive medium and supplies toner to an electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive medium to develop the electrostatic latent image. The developer roller includes a core and at least one material layer formed on an outer circumference of the core. A ten-point average roughness of an outermost layer in the material layer is 5-15% of the developing gap.

Abstract: A developer roller is spaced apart by a developing gap from a photosensitive medium and supplies toner to an electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive medium to develop the electrostatic latent image. The developer roller includes a core and at least one material layer formed on an outer circumference of the core. A ten-point average roughness of an outermost layer in the material layer is 5-15% of the developing gap.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for developing an electrostatic latent image on a photoreceptor with developer. In the apparatus, there are provided a housing having an open end facing the photoreceptor; a developing device including a sleeve, disposed in the housing in the vicinity of the open end, for supplying developer onto the photoreceptor through the open end; feeder, disposed in the housing at a position further from the open end than the sleeve, for feeding developer to the sleeve; a ridge-like protrusion, provided on a floor of the housing at a position beneath the sleeve, for preventing developer fed by the feeder from passing through between the sleeve and the floor.

Abstract: A cleaning device in which toner remaining on an image reproducing support through an electrostatic reproducing process is cleaned by a fur brush and then the toner having adhered to the fur brush is recovered by an electrically biased roller, the fur brush having a brush core formed of a conductive material and the brush core being grounded or biased with the polarity opposite to that of bias voltage applied to the roller. The fur brush is formed as a conductive brush and grounded through a non-linear resistance element. The fur brush is formed of a semiconductive material.

Abstract: A method of controlling the luminous intensity of a fluorescent lamp of the reproducing apparatus characterized in that a first stage for detecting the amount of light from the fluorescent lamp is linked with a second stage for controlling the lamp current of the fluorescent lamp by use of an output corresponding to the detection output of the first stage as the input. A luminous intensity controlling apparatus for fluorescent lamp of the reproducing apparatus characterized in that the fluorescent lamp is a cold cathode type fluorescent lamp, and luminosity detection device for detecting the amount of light from the cold cathode type fluorescent lamp and lamp current control device for controlling the lamp current of the cold cathode type fluorescent lamp using an output corresponding to the detection output of the luminosity detection device as the input are linked with each other.