Abstract: A robot includes a first horizontal arm coupled to a base, a second horizontal arm coupled to the base via the first horizontal arm, first and second motors adapted to rotate the respective arms, and first and second encoders adapted to calculate rotational angles and rotational velocities of the respective motors. A first motor control section subtracts first and second angular velocities based on the first and second encoders from a sensor angular velocity detected by an angular sensor, and controls the first motor so that a velocity measurement value obtained by adding a vibration velocity based on a vibration angular velocity as the subtraction result and a first rotational velocity becomes equal to a velocity command value.

Abstract: A robot includes an angular velocity sensor installed to a second horizontal arm and for obtaining the angular velocity of the first horizontal arm with respect to a base, and suppresses the vibration of the first horizontal arm by driving a first electric motor based on the angular velocity of the first horizontal arm. In the robot, an electric wire to be connected to a second electric motor incorporated in the second horizontal arm and electric wire to be connected to the angular velocity sensor are laid around through a wiring duct having end portions coupled respectively to the base and the second horizontal arm, disposed outside the first horizontal arm and outside the second horizontal arm, and having a passage leading to the inside of the base and the inside of the second horizontal arm.

Abstract: A robot includes a first horizontal arm coupled to a base, a second horizontal arm coupled to the base via the first horizontal arm, first and second motors adapted to rotate the respective arms, and first and second encoders adapted to calculate rotational angles and rotational velocities of the respective motors. A first motor control section subtracts first and second angular velocities based on the first and second encoders from a sensor angular velocity detected by an angular sensor, and controls the first motor so that a velocity measurement value obtained by adding a vibration velocity based on a vibration angular velocity as the subtraction result and a first rotational velocity becomes equal to a velocity command value.

Abstract: A robot includes an angular velocity sensor installed to a second horizontal arm and for obtaining the angular velocity of the first horizontal arm with respect to a base, and suppresses the vibration of the first horizontal arm by driving a first electric motor based on the angular velocity of the first horizontal arm. In the robot, an electric wire to be connected to a second electric motor incorporated in the second horizontal arm and electric wire to be connected to the angular velocity sensor are laid around through a wiring duct having end portions coupled respectively to the base and the second horizontal arm, disposed outside the first horizontal arm and outside the second horizontal arm, and having a passage leading to the inside of the base and the inside of the second horizontal arm.

Abstract: A robot has an operation mode setting unit that sets an operation mode of the robot. The operation mode setting unit changes a correction factor multiplied by the maximum acceleration and the maximum deceleration of an arm and the servo gain of a servo circuit, and thereby selectively sets the operation mode to one of a first operation mode, a second operation mode in which the arm operates faster than in the first operation mode, and a third operation mode in which the arm vibrates less than in the first operation mode.

Abstract: A robot includes a first horizontal arm coupled to a base, a second horizontal arm coupled to the base via the first horizontal arm, first and second motors adapted to rotate the respective arms, and first and second encoders adapted to calculate rotational angles and rotational velocities of the respective motors. A first motor control section subtracts first and second angular velocities based on the first and second encoders from a sensor angular velocity detected by an angular sensor, and controls the first motor so that a velocity measurement value obtained by adding a vibration velocity based on a vibration angular velocity as the subtraction result and a first rotational velocity becomes equal to a velocity command value.

Abstract: A robot includes an angular velocity sensor installed to a second horizontal arm and for obtaining the angular velocity of the first horizontal arm with respect to a base, and suppresses the vibration of the first horizontal arm by driving a first electric motor based on the angular velocity of the first horizontal arm. In the robot, an electric wire to be connected to a second electric motor incorporated in the second horizontal arm and electric wire to be connected to the angular velocity sensor are laid around through a wiring duct having end portions coupled respectively to the base and the second horizontal arm, disposed outside the first horizontal arm and outside the second horizontal arm, and having a passage leading to the inside of the base and the inside of the second horizontal arm.

Abstract: A robot includes a first horizontal arm coupled to a base, a second horizontal arm coupled to the base via the first horizontal arm, first and second motors adapted to rotate the respective arms, and first and second encoders adapted to calculate rotational angles and rotational velocities of the respective motors. A first motor control section subtracts first and second angular velocities based on the first and second encoders from a sensor angular velocity detected by an angular sensor, and controls the first motor so that a velocity measurement value obtained by adding a vibration velocity based on a vibration angular velocity as the subtraction result and a first rotational velocity becomes equal to a velocity command value.

Abstract: A position detection device for a horizontal articulated robot includes a camera for imaging the robot or a work as an imaging object, a control section for calculating a location of the imaging object from an image, an acquisition section (I/O) for obtaining the drive amounts of first and second electric motors of the robot, and a storage section for storing the calculated location of the imaging object and the drive amounts so as to correspond to each other. A common trigger signal for detecting the location of the imaging object is input to the camera and the I/O. The camera starts to image the imaging object in response to the input of the trigger signal. The I/O starts to obtain the drive amounts in response to the input of the trigger signal.

Abstract: A robot simulation apparatus for moving a virtual robot along a track includes: a track calculating unit that performs, in an interrupt time interval, track calculation processing for calculating a track of the virtual robot after a sampling time; and a time changing unit that separately sets both of the sampling time and the interrupt time interval variable in a range in which the sampling time is equal to or shorter than the interrupt time interval.

Abstract: A robot locus control method includes the steps of calculating the position and attitude of an end tool of a robot on the basis of a local-coordinate system set based on a fixing point out of the robot, and transforming the position and attitude of the end tool on the basis of the local-coordinate system, into the position and attitude of the end tool on the basis of a robot-base coordinate system set on the robot, based on a relationship between the local-coordinate system and the robot-base coordinate system.

Abstract: An encoder considers a frame representing a picture as comprised of areas. For each area, the encoder decides which of frame-based or field-based orthogonal transformation will be most efficient at reducing spatial redundancy in that area. For each area, the encoder decides which of frame-based or field-based predictive encoding will be most efficient at reducing temporal redundancy in that area. The encoder encodes each area of the picture frame using the most efficient orthogonal transformation technique and using the most efficient predictive encoding technique to produce an encoded signal. A decoder decodes the encoded signal. The encoded signal is recorded on a recording medium, transmitted over a transmission channel, or broadcast.

Abstract: An encoder considers a frame representing a picture as comprised of areas. For each area, the encoder decides which of frame-based or field-based orthogonal transformation will be most efficient at reducing spatial redundancy in that area. For each area, the encoder decides which of frame-based or field-based predictive encoding will be most efficient at reducing temporal redundancy in that area. The encoder encodes each area of the picture frame using the most efficient orthogonal transformation technique and using the most efficient predictive encoding technique to produce an encoded signal. A decoder decodes the encoded signal. The encoded signal is recorded on a recording medium, transmitted over a transmission channel, or broadcast.

Abstract: An encoder considers a frame representing a picture as comprised of areas. For each area, the encoder decides which of frame-based or field-based orthogonal transformation will be most efficient at reducing spatial redundancy in that area. For each area, the encoder decides which of frame-based or field-based predictive encoding will be most efficient at reducing temporal redundancy in that area. The encoder encodes each area of the picture frame using the most efficient orthogonal transformation technique and using the most efficient predictive encoding technique to produce an encoded signal. A decoder decodes the encoded signal. The encoded signal is recorded on a recording medium, transmitted over a transmission channel, or broadcast.

Abstract: The invention provides a recording and/or reproduction apparatus for a record medium in the form of a disk by which the necessity for adjustment of an inclination of a head with respect to a disk upon production of the apparatus is eliminated and correct reproduction of data can be assured irrespective of a variation with respect to time. A control circuit controls an offset generation circuit to generate a predetermined offset signal. A skew servo circuit drives a skew motor in response to the offset signal to adjust the relative angle of an optical head with respect to an optical disk to a predetermined angle. A level detection circuit detects the amplitude of the tracking error signal then and outputs it to the control circuit. The control circuit adjusts the offset signal to be outputted from the offset generation circuit so that the amplitude of the tracking error signal may be maximum.

Abstract: A system for initializing an optical disc player when reproduction of data from a side of a multilayer disc is desired. The initialization procedure involves determining one or more initialization values for a first layer of data on the side, storing the initialization values determined for the first layer, and repeating the determining and storing steps for the other layers on the side.

Abstract: An encoder considers a frame representing a picture as comprised of areas. For each area, the encoder decides which of frame-based or field-based orthogonal transformation will be most efficient at reducing spatial redundancy in that area. For each area, the encoder decides which of frame-based or field-based predictive encoding will be most efficient at reducing temporal redundancy in that area. The encoder encodes each area of the picture frame using the most efficient orthogonal transformation technique and using the most efficient predictive encoding technique to produce an encoded signal. A decoder decodes the encoded signal. The encoded signal is recorded on a recording medium, transmitted over a transmission channel, or broadcast.

Abstract: The invention provides a recording and/or reproduction apparatus and a recording and/or reproduction method by which information can be recorded or reproduced accurately onto or from any of a plurality of record layers of an optical disk. In the recording and/or reproduction method, after an optical disk is started, an optimum focus offset position for a predetermined record layer of the optical disk is searched for. This searching is performed by varying an offset value stepwise and searching for an offset value with which the amplitude of a tracking error signal exhibits a maximum value. After an optimum focus offset position is searched out, the value of it is stored. Similar processing is performed also for any other record layer. When an instruction to reproduce a predetermined record layer is developed in step, focus jumping to the record layer is performed. Then, an optimum focus offset value searched out and stored in advance is read out and added to a focus error signal.

Abstract: The invention provides a recording and/or reproduction apparatus and a recording and/or reproduction method by which information can be recorded or reproduced accurately onto or from any of a plurality of record layers of an optical disk. In the recording and/or reproduction method, after an optical disk is started, an optimum focus offset position for a predetermined record layer of the optical disk is searched for. This searching is performed by varying an offset value stepwise and searching for an offset value with which the amplitude of a tracking error signal exhibits a maximum value. After an optimum focus offset position is searched out, the value of it is stored. Similar processing is performed also for any other record layer. When an instruction to reproduce a predetermined record layer is developed in step, focus jumping to the record layer is performed. Then, an optimum focus offset value searched out and stored in advance is read out and added to a focus error signal.

Abstract: Video signal transmitting system in which digital video signal are divided into groups of predetermined frames. Digital video signals of at least one frame are intraframe coded and then transmitted. Remaining digital video signals are interframe coded with reference to the intraframe coded digital video signals, and intraframe coded digital video signals of a subsequent group of frames and are then transmitted. A motion vector from a predetermined reference frame is detected. Video signals are interframe coded by the motion vector to transmit the video signals. A motion vector from a first frame which is a plurality of frames away from the reference frame is converted to a motion vector for a one frame interval between the reference frame and the first frame. The motion vector is optimized, and is then transmitted.