Abstract: A workshop facility designing and operating method of the invention is for authoring a virtual workshop that is a data model of a workshop newly organized in part or in its entirety. After the organization, simulating means causes the virtual workshop to perform a quasi-production activity to verify a production state and a physical distribution state. An actual workshop is then constructed that matches with the verified virtual workshop. The constructed actual workshop is remote monitored and a result of this monitoring is compared with a result of verification during a virtual workshop verification process. In this way, verification of the workshop in its entirety can be performed simply so that workshop deployment such as a new set-up of a production line and change in process step of the existing line can be carried out efficiently and quickly in a short time. Remote monitoring of the constructed workshop can also be performed properly.

Abstract: An optical filter-coupler comprises at least two optical waveguides such as optical fibers closely spaced apart to each other for allowing light propagating in one waveguide to couple into the other. Materials for the waveguides are selected to have different wavelength-dispersive refractive indexes so that the waveguides have a common refractive index at a selected wavelength, whereby a complete power transfer is obtained at such selected wavelength.