Abstract: A liquid crystal display unit is used that has data lines made of a molybdenum-alloyed film having a chromium content from 2 wt. % or more, but up to 5 wt. %, or a molybdenum-alloyed film lamination (Mo—Cr) consisting of a first electroconductive film and a second electroconductive film, with the first electroconductive film having a chromium content from 2 wt. % or more, but up to 5 wt. % and the second electroconductive film being provided above the first electroconductive film and containing less chromium than the first electroconductive film does. The use of the data lines composed of these materials enables the following requirements to be satisfied: high dry-etching resistance, low resistance, low ACF contact resistance, low side etching rates, forward tapered wiring cross-sectional shape, and up to two lamination layers.

Abstract: A wiring structure is provided, the wiring structure being formed by forming a laminated film of silver (Ag) or an alloy containing silver (Ag) as the major constituent and the other metallic material, and by forming a wiring pattern through a single process of photolithography.

Abstract: Piperazine compounds and salts thereof having inhibitory effect against superoxide radicals (O.sub.2.sup.-). The piperazine compounds have the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a lower alkyl group;R.sup.2 is a phenyl-lower alkyl group which may have 1 to 3 substituents, on the phenyl ring, selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a phenyl-lower alkoxy group, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group and a halogen atom;R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a phenyl-lower alkyl group; andR.sup.4 is a hydroxyl group, a phenyl-lower alkoxy group or a tetrahydropyranyloxy group.

Abstract: Carbostyril derivatives useful for inhibiting the adhesion of platelets represented by general formula ##STR1## [wherein, R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom or a methyl group; R is a group of the formula ##STR2## (R.sup.2 is a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group or a nitro group), or a group of the formula ##STR3## (R.sup.3 is a fluorine atom and p is an integer of 2 or 3); and n is an integer of 2 or 3], or salts thereof.Said carbostyril derivatives or salts are useful as an agent for inhibiting the adhesion of platelets.

Abstract: Novel pyrazine derivatives represented by the formula (1) and salts thereof which possess inhibitory effect against superoxide radicals (O.sub.2.sup.-) released from the macrophage cells of guinea pig by stimulation, and also possess anti-albuminuria activity in Masugi nephritis. ##STR1## The pyrazine derivatives (1) and salts thereof are useful agents for preventing and treating of various diseases caused by the superoxide radicals, for example, diseases of autoimmune such as rheumatoid arthritis, arteriosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, transient cerebral ischematic attack, hepatic insufficiency, renal insufficiency and the like, as well as they are useful agents for preventing and treating the nephritis in various clinical fields.

Abstract: The novel carbostyril derivative represented by the general formula (1) ##STR1## [in the formula, A, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and the carbon-carbon bond between 3- and 4-positions in the carbostyril skeleton have the same definitions as above] has an excellent platelet aggregation inhibitory activity, a phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity, a venticular contraction activity (a positive contraction activity), an anti-ulcer activity, an anti-inflammatory activity, a cerebral blood flow increasing activity, a thrombus dissociation activity, a thromboxane A.sub.2 antagonism activity, etc. The carbostyril derivative of the present invention is characterized in that it exhibits the above activities for a long time, is low in toxicity (particularly low in toxicity to hearts of cardiovascular hyperplasia, myocardipathy, etc.), and is low in circulation activities such as heart rate increasing activity, blood pressure decreasing activity and the like.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a photoconductive layer comprising a photoconductor, a support for the photoconductive layer and a surface layer formed on the photoconductive layer and comprising a curable resin film and an inorganic insulator pieces having a size larger than the film thickness of the curable resin film. In order to prevent the image blurring of an a-Si:H photoreceptor, on the outermost surface of the photoreceptor was formed a surface layer having a structure in which inorganic insulator pieces have protruded from the curable resin film. Since the curable resin is of high resistance and shows no quality change by corona irradiation, and besides the protruding inorganic insulator pieces prevent the abrasion of the resin, the surface layer having a long life and excellent humidity resistance, durability for corona irradiation and abrasion resistance can be realized.

Abstract: The novel indole derivatives and salts thereof represented by the general formula (1) ##STR1## possess, for example, an inhibitory effect against superoxide (O.sub.2.sup.-) released from the macrophage cells of guinea pig by stimulation and an anti-albuminuria activity against Masugi nephritis, and are useful in various clinical fields as an agent for preventing and treating diseases and cases associated with the above superoxide radical, for example, autoimmune diseases (e.g. rheumatism), arteriosclerosis, ischemic disease, ischemic encephalopathia, hepatic insufficiency and renal insufficiency, and also as an agent for preventing and treating nephritis.

Abstract: Carbostyril compounds or salts thereof of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylene group; R.sup.1 is a C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group which may have, as a substituent, a group selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxycarbonyl groups, a carboxy group, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkanoyloxy-C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl groups, amino-C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl groups, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylamino-C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl groups and hydroxy-C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl groups, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl group, a tetrahydropyranyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkylenedioxy group-substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group, a phenyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group having, as a substituent on the phenyl ring, 1 to 3 groups selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl groups and a hydroxyl group, or a piperidinyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group having a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group as a substituent; R.sup.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device including dielectric films each of which consists of first regions made of a material with a strong self-healing type dielectric breakdown characteristic, second regions made of a material with a strong propagating type dielectric breakdown characteristic, and mixed regions consisting of a mixture of these two materials, the first and second regions being arranged alternately in the film thickness direction with the mixed regions therebetween, the mixing ratio of these two materials in the mixed regions changing in such a manner that the ratio of one material gradually decreases from a region of this material toward the adjacent region of the other material, that is, the ratio of the other material increases. Thus, the changes in the mixing ratio of these two materials of the dielectric films in the film thickness direction are continuous and periodic.

Abstract: A thin film electroluminescent (EL) device includes a pair of opposing electrodes formed on a substrate of a transparent electrical insulator, and an EL layer formed between the electrodes and covered at both surfaces with insulating layers respectively. Strontium sulfide is used as a host material of the EL layer, and its crystals tend strongly to have a (200) orientation, so that the resistance to free transit of electrons participating in emission of luminescence is substantially eliminated to ensure a higher brightness.

Abstract: A thin film electroluminescent (EL) device comprises a pair of opposing electrodes formed on a substrate of a transparent electrical insulator, and an EL layer formed between the electrodes and covered at both surfaces with insulating layers respectively. Strontium sulfide is used as a host material of the EL layer, and its crystals tend strongly to have a (200) orientation, so that the resistance to free transit of electrons participating in emission of luminescence is substantially eliminated to ensure a higher brightness.

Abstract: A net for grassing obtained by knitting and weaving wefts having an appointed width in a texture less than said width by means of a large number of warps and having mountain portions and valley portions randomly formed on a right side and a reverse side thereof.Earth and sand and sprayed materials can be prevented from being washed away in the first stage of the protective construction for a face of slope.

Abstract: In an electroluminescence element including light emitting layers emitting light by applying AC voltages thereto the light emitting layer consists of a light emitting layer emitting red light and a light emitting layer emitting bluish green light and a blue filter transmitting blue light and a green filter transmitting green light are disposed on the light emitting surface side of the bluish green light emitting layer. In this way it is possible to take out red, blue and green lights at an approximately equal brightness level and to realize full color.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device comprising an electroluminescent layer capable of emitting light under application of AC voltage, the electroluminescent layer comprising strontium sulfide as a matrix and containing at least one of halides and sulfides of cerium, europium, thulium, terbium and samarium, and having a lattice constant of not more than 6.04 .ANG. and a half-width value at the (111) face of not more than 0.21 degree has a higher brightness than an electroluminescent device having an electroluminescent layer comprising ZnS as a matrix.

Abstract: A thin film EL element which comprises an insulating substrate, a transparent electrode, a first insulating layer, a light-emitting layer, a second insulating layer and a back side electrode, successively laid one upon another, at least one of the first and second insulating layers being composed of a material having a perovskite crystal structure, for example, a layer of SrTiO.sub.3, PbTiO.sub.3 or BaTiO.sub.3, particularly a SrTiO.sub.3. The material having the perovskite crystal structure has an increased (111) plane orientation such that the diffraction intensity ratio of (111) plane to (110) plane, I (111)/I (110), is more than 0.5. The material can be a single crystal, having (111) plane orientation. The material is deposited by sputtering, at substrate temperatures of not less than 200.degree. C. and up to the softening point of the insulating substrate, and at a pressure of not more than 1.times.10.sup.-2 Torr.

Abstract: A thermal head which comprises an electrically insulating substrate, a glaze layer laid thereon, a heating resistor layer laid on the glaze layer, a plurality of first layer conductors laid on the heating resistor layer and provided at predetermined distances, a protective film laid on the heating resistor layer, and a plurality of second layer conductors counterposed to the first layer conductors and laid on the first layer conductors through an interlayer insulating film, where the interlayer insulating layer is in a two layer structure of an inorganic insulating material layer having a compressive stress and an organic insulating material layer, and the organic insulating material layer is positioned on the second layer conductor side. The thermal head as structured above is free from a problem of crack formation on the interlayer insulating layer, causing a short circuit and free from a problem of discontinuation of the second layer conductors.

Abstract: A display panel includes a pair of substrates arranged face to face with each other with a predetermined gap therebetween, at least a pair of electrodes each provided on a corresponding one of facing surfaces of the substrates, and a display substance provided between the electrodes. A picture element is made up of a pair of facing portions of the electrodes and a portion of the display substance situated between the facing portions. At least one of the electrodes is made up of a multiplicity of picture element electrodes formed of a transparent conductive film and juxtaposed to each other and a contact metal member for substantially making an electrical connection of a plurality of ones of the picture element electrodes. The contact metal member is made up of a first layer made of chromium or a chromium alloy and a second layer formed on the first layer and made of nickel or gold.

Abstract: A method of forming thin films wherein a film is formed through glow discharge such as ion plating or sputtering by using a mask whose surface in contact with the surface of the substrate on which the film is formed is provided with a thermostable elastic member, whereby the film, for use in multi-layer metallization, can be formed with high dimensional precision and intimacy.