Abstract: An optical adjusting member according to the invention includes a base member having optical transparency and a plurality of linear members provided on the base member and having optical transparency. A section of the linear member orthogonal to the lengthwise direction of the linear member includes a triangular first sectional part defined by first to third sides and an approximately triangular second sectional part. The second sectional part has a smaller area than that of the first sectional part and defined by fourth to sixth sides. The first side of the first sectional part is in contact with the surface of the base member. The second sectional part is formed on the second side of the first sectional part, and the fourth side of the second sectional part is in contact with the second side of the first sectional part.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display according to the present invention includes a light source, an optical control member, and a liquid crystal display panel. Said optical control member includes a base having optical transparency and a plurality of linear structures provided on said base, a section of the linear structure orthogonal to its extending direction includes a first sectional portion having a triangular shape defined by first to third sides, and a second sectional portion having a plurality of triangular structures each having a smaller area than the first sectional portion and defined by fourth to sixth sides, the first side of the first sectional portion is abutted on and parallel to a surface of said base, the second sectional portion is provided on the second side of the first sectional portion, and the fourth side of the second sectional portion is abutted on and parallel to the second side of the first sectional portion.

Abstract: The lighting apparatus includes a light source, a housing that contains the light source inside and has an exit port for outputting light from the light source, and an optical sheet that is placed in the exit port. The optical sheet includes a lens structure that is placed at a light exit side and aligns an output direction of incident light from the light source, a reflector that is placed at a light incident side and reflects light emitted by the light source, and a light transmitting opening that exists in the reflector and transmits incident light from the light source. The light transmitting opening is placed in a position deviated from an optical axis of the lens structure. The display apparatus includes the lighting apparatus.

Abstract: Provided is an illumination apparatus for a liquid crystal display apparatus having a plurality of transmission parts arranged two-dimensionally, having a plurality of aspherical lenses, which is installed in response to each of a plurality of the transmission parts and concentrates light for each of a plurality of the transmission parts; a plurality of light emission parts R1 installed in response to each focal point position of a plurality of the aspherical lenses; and an electroluminescence layer containing a non-light emission region R2 installed between a plurality of the light emission parts R1 themselves. Each of a plurality of the aspherical lenses has an inner side lens face containing an intersection with an optical axis AX, and an outer side lens face enclosing said inner side lens face, and curvature in the outer side lens face is smaller than curvature in the inner side lens face.

Abstract: An illuminating device includes a light-condensing sheet, a light-emitting portion, and a control unit. The light-condensing sheet includes a plurality of lenses each with a light-condensing function ranged on a light transmittance substrate. The light-emitting portion is opposed to the light-condensing sheet and includes light-emitting areas with respective dimensions. The control unit switches a luminous state of the light-emitting area to a non-luminous state or vice versa. A display device is provided with the illuminating device described above.

Abstract: A lighting device includes a plurality of self-luminous elements formed on a substrate and emitting different wavelengths of light from each other, a hemispherical lens structure formed on the substrate to cover the self-luminous elements, and a plurality of translucent spherical particles covering a surface of the lens structure. Light emitted from the self-luminous elements passes through the lens structure and enters the translucent spherical particles where its direction is largely inclined to scatter due to a difference in refractive index between the translucent spherical particles and air. Consequently, different wavelengths of light from the self-luminous elements are mixed to produce a desired color of light.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus includes a light source and a light beam separating member to separate light emitted from the light source into at least two different directions. The light beam separating member has a light incident plane on which light emitted from the light source is incident and a light output plane from which the light is output after being transmitted through the light beam separating member. In this structure, output light from the light beam separating member is clearly separated. Further, output light from the light beam separating member has characteristics that an angular width of each separated light beam is narrow.

Abstract: Provided is an illumination apparatus for a liquid crystal display apparatus having a plurality of transmission parts arranged two-dimensionally, having a plurality of aspherical lenses, which is installed in response to each of a plurality of the transmission parts and concentrates light for each of a plurality of the transmission parts; a plurality of light emission parts R1 installed in response to each focal point position of a plurality of the aspherical lenses; and an electroluminescence layer containing a non-light emission region R2 installed between a plurality of the light emission parts R1 themselves. Each of a plurality of the aspherical lenses has an inner side lens face containing an intersection with an optical axis AX, and an outer side lens face enclosing said inner side lens face, and curvature in the outer side lens face is smaller than curvature in the inner side lens face.

Abstract: An optical adjusting member according to the invention includes a base member, a plurality of lenses, and a light diffusion layer. The base member has optical transparency. The plurality of lenses are formed on the base member. The light diffusion layer is formed on the plurality of lenses, and at least top edge parts of the lenses are buried in the light diffusion layer. In the optical adjusting member according to the invention, at least the top edge parts of the plurality of lenses are buried in the light diffusion layer and therefore the lenses are less susceptible to damages. The optical adjusting member according to the invention has a light collecting function by the lenses and a diffusion function by the light diffusion layer.

Abstract: An optical adjusting member according to the invention includes a base member having optical transparency and a plurality of linear members provided on the base member and having optical transparency. A section of the linear member orthogonal to the lengthwise direction of the linear member includes a triangular first sectional part defined by first to third sides and an approximately triangular second sectional part. The second sectional part has a smaller area than that of the first sectional part and defined by fourth to sixth sides. The first side of the first sectional part is in contact with the surface of the base member. The second sectional part is formed on the second side of the first sectional part, and the fourth side of the second sectional part is in contact with the second side of the first sectional part.

Abstract: The lighting apparatus includes a light source, a housing that contains the light source inside and has an exit port for outputting light from the light source, and an optical sheet that is placed in the exit port. The optical sheet includes a lens structure that is placed at a light exit side and aligns an output direction of incident light from the light source, a reflector that is placed at a light incident side and reflects light emitted by the light source, and a light transmitting opening that exists in the reflector and transmits incident light from the light source. The light transmitting opening is placed in a position deviated from an optical axis of the lens structure. The display apparatus includes the lighting apparatus.

Abstract: A multilens member is provided, the multilens member including a base member which has light transmissivity; a plurality of first lenses which are formed on the base member; and a plurality of second lenses which are formed on the plurality of first lenses and which are joined to the plurality of first lenses on first surfaces opposed to the base member; wherein the first surfaces of the second lenses have junction which are joined to the first lenses and overhang which overhangs outwardly from the junction portions. That is, the multilens member having the overhang shape is provided. Accordingly, it is possible to provide the optical member which improves the optical performance of an illumination apparatus and which realizes the thin size and the low cost of the illumination apparatus and a liquid crystal display apparatus.

Abstract: The lighting apparatus includes a light source, a housing that contains the light source inside and has an exit port for outputting light from the light source, and an optical sheet that is placed in the exit port. The optical sheet includes a lens structure that is placed at a light exit side and aligns an output direction of incident light from the light source, a reflector that is placed at a light incident side and reflects light emitted by the light source, and a light transmitting opening that exists in the reflector and transmits incident light from the light source. The light transmitting opening is placed in a position deviated from an optical axis of the lens structure. The display apparatus includes the lighting apparatus.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprises a first magnetic film and a second magnetic film on a substrate. The second magnetic film is composed of a magnetic material preferred for recording and reproduction, and the first magnetic film is composed of a ferrimagnetic material excellent in thermal stability. Information is recorded in the second magnetic film by using a magnetic head. The first magnetic film is heated by being irradiated with a laser beam to lower coercivity, and the information in the second magnetic film is magnetically transferred to the first magnetic film. The recorded information is stabilized, because the first magnetic film is excellent in thermal stability. The magnetic recording medium is highly resistant to thermal fluctuation, and it has high reliability. A magnetic domain of about 0.1 ?m, formed by magnetic recording at a super high density of 50 Gb/inch2, is successfully and stably allowed to exist.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium based on the perpendicular magnetic recording system includes a substrate; a back layer which is formed on the substrate and which is formed of a soft magnetic material; an in-plane magnetized layer which is formed on the back layer and which has in-plane magnetization; and a recording layer which is formed on the in-plane magnetized layer and which has perpendicular magnetization, wherein the in-plane magnetized layer has a coercivity in an in-plane direction larger than a magnetic field generated by residual magnetization in a perpendicular direction of the recording layer. The influence on the reproduction output, caused by the mirror image effect of the soft magnetic back layer is reduced in wide range recording densities, thereby improving the resolution by decreasing the difference between the reproduction outputs of the magnetic recording medium at the low recording density and at the high recording density.

Abstract: A lighting device includes a plurality of self-luminous elements formed on a substrate and emitting different wavelengths of light from each other, a hemispherical lens structure formed on the substrate to cover the self-luminous elements, and a plurality of translucent spherical particles covering a surface of the lens structure. Light emitted from the self-luminous elements passes through the lens structure and enters the translucent spherical particles where its direction is largely inclined to scatter due to a difference in refractive index between the translucent spherical particles and air. Consequently, different wavelengths of light from the self-luminous elements are mixed to produce a desired color of light.

Abstract: An illuminating device includes a light-condensing sheet, a light-emitting portion, and a control unit. The light-condensing sheet includes a plurality of lenses each with a light-condensing function ranged on a light transmittance substrate. The light-emitting portion is opposed to the light-condensing sheet and includes light-emitting areas with respective dimensions. The control unit switches a luminous state of the light-emitting area to a non-luminous state or vice versa. A display device is provided with the illuminating device described above.

Abstract: The lighting apparatus includes a light source, a housing that contains the light source inside and has an exit port for outputting light from the light source, and an optical sheet that is placed in the exit port. The optical sheet includes a lens structure that is placed at a light exit side and aligns an output direction of incident light from the light source, a reflector that is placed at a light incident side and reflects light emitted by the light source, and a light transmitting opening that exists in the reflector and transmits incident light from the light source. The light transmitting opening is placed in a position deviated from an optical axis of the lens structure. The display apparatus includes the lighting apparatus.

Abstract: A method for modifying the surface of a polymer substrate is provided, which includes applying a permeating substance to predetermined region on the surface of the polymer substrate, and bringing a supercritical fluid into contact with the surface of the polymer substrate to which the permeating substance has been applied to cause the permeating substance to permeate into the polymer substrate. This method makes it possible to selectively (partially) modify a portion of the surface of the polymer substrate by an easier method.

Abstract: A magneto-optical recording medium and a method for recording and reproduction thereon are provided in order to reproduce information recorded by multi-valued recording at a high S/N ratio. Disclosed is a magneto-optical recording medium including two magnetic layers capable of four-valued recording based on four combined magnetization states. Magnitudes of reproduction signals concerning the four magnetization states, obtained upon reproduction at a wavelength ?1, are different from those obtained upon reproduction at a wavelength ?2. The two magnetic layers, on which a signal (a) is recorded, are irradiated with light beams having the wavelengths ?1 and ?2 respectively. Signals (d), (e) reproduced from respective reflected light beams are sliced by using at least one slice level to obtain two-valued or higher multi-valued reproduction signals respectively.