Abstract: Disclosed is an Fe-based electroplated steel sheet including: a Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet containing Si in an amount of 0.1 mass % or more and 3.0 mass % or less; and an Fe-based electroplating layer formed on at least one surface of the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet with a coating weight per surface of 5.0 g/m2 or more, in which in an intensity profile measured by glow discharge optical emission spectrometry, a peak of emission intensity at wavelengths indicating Si is detected within a range from a surface of the Fe-based electroplating layer to more than 0.2 ?m in a thickness direction and not more than a thickness of the Fe-based electroplating layer, and an average value of C concentration in a region ranging from 10 ?m to 20 ?m in the thickness direction from the surface of the Fe-based electroplating layer is 0.10 mass % or less.

Abstract: Provided is high strength steel for springs that, compared to conventional high strength steel for springs, has excellent decarburization resistance and scale exfoliation property, by optimization of the added amounts of C, Si, Mn, and Cr as well as of Sb and Sn. The steel for springs contains C: more than 0.45 mass % and less than 0.65 mass %, Si: 0.15 mass % or more and 0.70 mass % or less, Mn: 0.10 mass % or more and 1.00 mass % or less, Cr: 0.20 mass % or more and 1.50 mass % or less, P: 0.025 mass % or less, S: 0.025 mass % or less, O: 0.0015 mass % or less, Sb: 0.010 mass % or more and less than 0.030 mass %, and Sn: 0.010 mass % or more and 0.030 mass % or less, under predetermined conditions.

Abstract: Provided is high strength steel for springs that, compared to conventional high strength steel for springs, has excellent decarburization resistance and scale exfoliation property, by optimization of the added amounts of C, Si, Mn, and Cr as well as of Sb and Sn. The steel for springs contains C: more than 0.45 mass % and less than 0.65 mass %, Si: 0.15 mass % or more and 0.70 mass % or less, Mn: 0.10 mass % or more and 1.00 mass % or less, Cr: 0.20 mass % or more and 1.50 mass % or less, P: 0.025 mass % or less, S: 0.025 mass % or less, O: 0.0015 mass % or less, Sb: 0.010 mass % or more and less than 0.030 mass %, and Sn: 0.010 mass % or more and 0.030 mass % or less, under predetermined conditions.

Abstract: An obstacle detection apparatus detects an obstacle to a vehicle by a sensor section including a transmitter which transmits a wave to a predetermined detection area, and a receiver which receives an echo of the wave reflected by the obstacle. The obstacle detection apparatus measures a distance to the obstacle from the output of the sensor section. A detection-distance change circuit changes predetermined detection distances in the maximum detection distance. Alarm means gives an alarm step by step in accordance with the detection distances.

Abstract: An obstacle detection apparatus detects an obstacle to a vehicle by a sensor section including a transmitter which transmits a wave to a predetermined detection area, and a receiver which receives an echo of the wave reflected by the obstacle. The obstacle detection apparatus measures a distance to the obstacle from the output of the sensor section. A detection-distance change circuit changes predetermined detection distances in the maximum detection distance. Alarm means gives an alarm step by step in accordance with the detection distances.

Abstract: The state of slag foaming generated in an electric furnace steel manufacture is judged by measuring the NOx amount in exhaust gas. The foaming state is adjusted to completely interrupt the contact of melted steel with air so that low nitrogen of the steel is always achieved or reduction of electric power consumption rate is achieved. Thus, in the manufacture of steel by subjecting iron scrap to dissolving, refining and heating stages successively in an electric arc furnace, the NOx amount in the exhaust gas is measured at the refining and heating stages of the melted steel and then the state of the slag foaming is judged depending upon the measured data.