Abstract: A compound of the following general formula [I]: wherein each symbol has the same meaning as defined herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate thereof, and a pharmaceutical use of the same in treating organ transplant rejection, graft versus host reaction after transplantation, autoimmune disease, allergic disease and chronic myeloproliferative disease.

Abstract: A user device including a communication interface that communicates with a server, a sensor unit that detects at least one of a state of a user and a state of the user device, and a controller that controls an operating condition of the user device by receiving information from the server based on a comparison between an output of the sensor unit and stored setting description data associating the operating condition with a predetermined output of the sensor unit.

Abstract: A system for creating files that includes at least one processor configured to identify, while a file is being created, a plurality of locations within the file, the plurality of locations including a first location within the file and a second location within the file different from the first location; acquire first tag information for the first location within the file and second tag information for the second location within the file; and associate the first tag information with the first location within the file and the second tag information with the second location within the file.

Abstract: A navigation apparatus and a navigation-related information display method acquire a plurality of orbit data from a plurality of GPS satellites, pinpoint the current geographical position of the apparatus according to the orbit data and distance data on the distances from the plurality of GPS satellites, display the acquiring progress level until completely acquiring a plurality of orbit data sufficient for pinpointing the current geographical position, count the remaining effective time of the plurality of orbit data acceptable for pinpointing the current geographical position and display the remaining effective time by means of a level mark that is provided with a gradation.

Abstract: A navigation apparatus and a navigation-related information display method acquire a plurality of orbit data from a plurality of GPS satellites, pinpoint the current geographical position of the apparatus according to the orbit data and distance data on the distances from the plurality of GPS satellites, display the acquiring progress level until completely acquiring a plurality of orbit data sufficient for pinpointing the current geographical position, count the remaining effective time of the plurality of orbit data acceptable for pinpointing the current geographical position and display the remaining effective time by means of a level mark that is provided with a gradation.

Abstract: A GPS receiver can periodically obtain range data without degrading the performance such as positioning sensitivity and positioning speed and conserve energy consumption. Supplied with IF data from a frequency conversion section 4, a synchronization hold section (6) acquires synchronization of a carrier frequency and phase synchronization of a C/A code, holds the acquired state, and obtains necessary information such as range data. When range data is obtained, a switch (23) is turned off to stop supplying the power to the synchronization hold section (6). A control section (7) executes a positioning operation using the obtained range data and the like, finds and outputs positioning information indicative of a current position. Thereafter, the switch (23) is turned on to restart the synchronization hold section (6). In this manner, control is provided to repeatedly start and stop the synchronization hold section (6).

Abstract: A GPS receiver can periodically obtain range data without degrading the performance such as positioning sensitivity and positioning speed and conserve energy consumption. Supplied with IF data from a frequency conversion section 4, a synchronization hold section (6) acquires synchronization of a carrier frequency and phase synchronization of a C/A code, holds the acquired state, and obtains necessary information such as range data. When range data is obtained, a switch (23) is turned off to stop supplying the power to the synchronization hold section (6). A control section (7) executes a positioning operation using the obtained range data and the like, finds and outputs positioning information indicative of a current position. Thereafter, the switch (23) is turned on to restart the synchronization hold section (6). In this manner, control is provided to repeatedly start and stop the synchronization hold section (6).

Abstract: A GPS receiver and a portable communication apparatus with the timing of demodulation of a GPS received signal received from a satellite in the global positioning system being controlled in accordance with the timing of transmission of a CDMA transmission signal to a base station in a predetermined communication system, so that the GPS received signal can be accurately demodulated, thereby preventing radio waves that occur during transmission of the CDMA transmission signal from interfering with the GPS received signal. Thus, the GPS received signal can be demodulated without deterioration of reception quality.

Abstract: In a GPS receiver and a portable communication apparatus according to this invention, demodulation timing of the GPS received signal received from a satellite in the global positioning system is controlled in accordance with transmission timing of transmitting the CDMA transmission signal to a base station in a predetermined communication system, so that the GPS received signal can be accurately demodulated, preventing radio waves which occur during transmission of the CDMA transmission signal from interfering with the GPS received signal. Thus, the GPS received signal can be demodulated without deterioration of reception quality.

Abstract: To make possible interactive control operations in a device such as a minidisc system which uses a recording medium on which character information can be recorded. There is provided a recording medium on which sound information and management information for managing recording and playback operations is recorded, and on which predetermined character string information is recorded as commands in a region of the management information in which character information can be recorded. And, a recording and playback device 30 is provided with command read-in means (3.about.10, 12, 21), which reads in commands from the disc 1, control means 11, which, according to the commands read in, executes control of operations as specified by those commands, and input-output means (16, 17, 19, 20), controlled by the control means 11, required to execute the operations indicated by the read in commands.

Abstract: Signals representing navigation messages from four GPS artificial satellites are received by a GPS receiver and supplied to receiving processors of respective channels, which spectrally reverse-spread and demodulate the signals by way of PSK to produce the navigation messages. The navigation messages are then supplied to a CPU that determines the position of the GPS receiver using satellite time and orbit data contained in the navigation messages. The CPU determines whether each channel is synchronized or not based on the level of a spectrally reverse-spread output (correlated output) signal. If a channel is out of synchronism, the CPU effects a synchronization process. After the synchronization process, the CPU obtains time base data equal to or higher than a bit number. To obtain such time base data in a channel after the synchronization process, the CPU uses time base data equal to or higher than a bit number of another channel that has already been synchronized.

Abstract: A spread spectrum signal receiving apparatus comprising: a radio frequency processing circuit for converting a spread spectrum signal into an intermediate frequency signal; a binary encoder for encoding the intermediate frequency signal; a pseudo-random noise code generator; a code driver for controlling the phase and the chip speed of the output of the code generator; a first multiplier for multiplying the binary signal by the output of the code generator; a numerical controlled oscillator for outputting first and second carrier signals; second and third multipliers for multiplying the output signal of the first multiplier respectively by the first and second carrier signals; first and second low-pass filters supplied with the output signals of the second and third multipliers respectively; and a microcomputer having functions to produce signals for controlling the numerical controlled oscillator, and functions to produce signals for controlling the code driver.

Abstract: A numerical control type oscillator whose output oscillation frequency is controlled depending on input numerical data, comprises: first accumulation means for accumulating a first set value which is set depending on the input numerical data with a first frequency and sequentially outputting the accumulated value; second accumulation means for accumulating a second set value which is set depending on the input numerical data with a second frequency and varying the first set value by a predetermined value temporarily when the accumulated value reaches a predetermined maximum value; and frequency generation means for outputting a frequency depending on an output of the first accumulation means as an oscillation frequency.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with an optical disk reproducing apparatus for reproducing digital data from an optical disk, such as an audio compact disk and, above all, with such apparatus in which a continuous playback output may be produced even when track jump should occur due to vibrations or the like. With the optical disk reproducing apparatus according to the present invention, digital data detected from an optical disk are sequentially written in a RAM for subsequent reading so that data stored in the RAM continue to be read even on the occurrence of the track jump to provide a continuous playback output. On the other hand, the optical disk is reproduced at an increased speed for a predetermined time period after the light spot irradiating the optical disk resets to its original position from track jump to replenish digital data to the RAM.

Abstract: Apparatus for playback from a disc on which main digital data and subsidiary digital data for selectively reproducing of the main digital data have been recorded in multiplex fashion incorporates a write clock generator for generating a write clock synchronized with a reproduced signal from the disc, a read clock generator for generating a read clock having a predetermined period, a buffer memory into which main digital data and subsidiary digital data reproduced from the disc are written and read out in response to the read clock so as to de-interleave the main digital data, and a control unit for seeking a position to be reproduced in the main digital data in response to the subsidiary digital data read out from the buffer memory. The buffer memory into which the subsidiary digital data is written may be a FIFO buffer register which is provided separately from the buffer memory into which the main digital date is written.

Abstract: A circuit for operating finite fields performs multiplication or division using an accumulator for storing an arbitrary element and an adder for performing modulo 2 addition, using the contents of the accumulator and a vector representation of the primitive polynomial; or first and second tables for translating exponents with elements of the polynomial over the finite field, with a binary arithmetic unit for performing addition or subtraction using such exponents.

Abstract: A GPS receiver comprises a phase-error derivation circuit which derives the average phase error over a predetermined period. The phase-error derivation circuit sends an average phase difference signal to a numerically controlled oscillator to control its clock rate. Deriving the average phase error over the predetermined period makes it possible to determine accurately the phase error between the Gold code sequence from the satellite and the Gold code sequence derived by the local Gold code generator.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for correcting errors in data which has, as a unit, (n+k+m+l) symbols subjected to the processing for the error correction coding when data consisting of different kinds of n symbols and m symbols is transmitted as a unit. This error correcting apparatus comprises: a first decoder to which (n+k) symbols are supplied and which generates a first flag signal indicative of the error state by at least performing the error detection; and a second decoder to which the (n+k) symbols corrected by the first decoder and the (m+l) symbols received are supplied and which generates a second flag signal representing the error state by performing the error detection and performs the error correction using the first and second flag signals.

Abstract: A digital audio disc system having a main channel in which main data consisting of audio PCM signals and codes for error correction are recorded and a subchannel in which information digital signals other than said main data are recorded is disclosed. The code signals comprising a sync signal which has a prescribed bit pattern, a display position data, a command for a computer, and a display data relating a content of said audio PCM signals are also recorded multi-times on the disc together with said main data so as to enable the error check of said code signals. Both code signals and main data are reproduced and supplied to a display unit so as to indicate the correct display information data on a display screen under control of a microcomputer provided in the playback side.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for correcting errors in data which has, as a unit, (n+k+m+l) symbols subjected to the processing for the error correction coding when data consisting of different kinds of n symbols and m symbols is transmitted as a unit. This error correcting apparatus comprises: a first decoder to which (n+k) symbols are supplied and which generates a first flag signal indicative of the error state by at least performing the error detection; and a second decoder to which the (n+k) symbols corrected by the first decoder and the (m+l) symbols received are supplied and which generates a second flag signal representing the error state by performing the error detection and performs the error correction using the first and second flag signals.