Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes at least one photosensitive layer on which a first photosensitive layer disposed on an outermost side thereof. The first photosensitive layer contains a charge generating material, a binder resin including a polyarylate resin with repeating units (1), (2), (3), and (4), an electron transport material, and a hole transport material. The electron transport material includes a compound represented by formula (10), (11), or (12). The hole transport material includes compounds represented by formulas (21) and (22): A percentage content of a number of repeats of the repeating unit (3) to the total number of repeats of the repeating units (1) and (3) is greater than 0% and less than 50%. A percentage content of a number of repeats of the repeating unit (4) to the total number of repeats of the repeating units (2) and (4) is at least 35% and less than 70%.

Abstract: An imaging system includes an image carrier, a charging device to form a toner image by charging a surface of the image carrier, a polishing roller, and a control device. A discharge product is generated on the surface of the image carrier as a result of charging the image carrier, and the polishing roller polishes the discharge product generated on the surface of the image carrier. The control device controls a polishing operation of the polishing roller in response to one or more detected characteristics.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a conductive substrate and an at-least-one-layer photosensitive layer including a specific photosensitive layer. The specific photosensitive layer contains a charge generating material, a binder resin, an electron transport material, and a hole transport material. The binder resin includes a polyarylate resin. The polyarylate resin includes repeating units (1), (2), (3), and (4). A percentage of the number of repeats of the repeating unit (3) relative to a total number of repeats of the repeating units (1) and (3) is greater than 0% and less than 50%. A percentage of the number of repeats of the repeating unit (4) relative to a total number of repeats of the repeating units (2) and (4) is at least 35% and less than 70%.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer. The photosensitive layer is a single layer and contains a charge generating material, a hole transport material, an electron transport material, and a polyarylate resin. The polyarylate resin includes repeating units represented by formulas (1), (2), and (3). A ratio n1/n2 of the number n1 of repeats of the repeating unit represented by formula (1) to the number n2 of repeats of the repeating unit represented by formula (2) is at least 1.0.

Abstract: An imaging system includes an image carrier, a charging device to form a toner image by charging a surface of the image carrier, a polishing roller, and a control device. A discharge product is generated on the surface of the image carrier as a result of charging the image carrier, and the polishing roller polishes the discharge product generated on the surface of the image carrier. The control device controls a polishing operation of the polishing roller in response to one or more detected characteristics.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus for forming an image by electrophotography, a charging device is comprised of a needle electrode in which a plurality of saw teeth are arrayed in one direction; a cleaning rubber roller that cleans the needle electrode; a cleaning member supporter; a moving portion that moves the cleaning member supporter; and a control portion that controls the charging device, and the control portion includes a function to increase a saw-tooth current value by increasing print cumulative count; and a function to decrease the saw-tooth current value at the time of performing cleaning.

Abstract: Disclosed is a corona charging apparatus for electrically charging a surface of an image bearing member to which the corona charging apparatus faces and which is rotatably provided in an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, the corona charging apparatus including: a discharging electrode; a shield case that covers the discharging electrode, the shield case being opened at least in a region where the discharging electrode and the image bearing member face each other; and a sheet-like member being made from aluminum and being attached to a first surface of the shield case which first surface faces the discharging electrode.

Abstract: A charging device is provided. A charging device includes a charging section and a discharge product adsorption removal section. The charging section includes a shield case having a shield opening, a discharge electrode, and a rotation shaft which is parallel to a rotation axis of a photoreceptor. The discharge product adsorption removal section has an adsorption layer that adsorbs a discharge product and is disposed downward in a vertical direction of the photoreceptor. The charging section is displaceable about an axial line of the rotation shaft from a position where the shield opening opposes to the photoreceptor to a position where the shield opening opposes to the discharge product adsorption removal section.

Abstract: Disclosed is a corona charging apparatus for electrically charging a surface of an image bearing member to which the corona charging apparatus faces and which is rotatably provided in an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, the corona charging apparatus including: a discharging electrode; a shield case that covers the discharging electrode, the shield case being opened at least in a region where the discharging electrode and the image bearing member face each other; and a sheet-like member being made from aluminum and being attached to a first surface of the shield case which first surface faces the discharging electrode.

Abstract: A charging device is provided. A charging device includes a charging section and a discharge product adsorption removal section. The charging section includes a shield case having a shield opening, a discharge electrode, and a rotation shaft which is parallel to a rotation axis of a photoreceptor. The discharge product adsorption removal section has an adsorption layer that adsorbs a discharge product and is disposed downward in a vertical direction of the photoreceptor. The charging section is displaceable about an axial line of the rotation shaft from a position where the shield opening opposes to the photoreceptor to a position where the shield opening opposes to the discharge product adsorption removal section.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor containing a conductive substrate and at least a charge generating layer and a charge transporting layer successively layered on the substrate, wherein the charge transporting layer contains a charge transporting material (M) and a binder resin (B) and further has a layered structure composed of a plurality of the charge transporting layers wherein the outermost layer of the charge transporting layers show 50% or higher elastic power (?Hu) and hardness (Hplast) of plastic deformation in a range from 220 N/mm2 or higher to 275 N/mm2 or lower.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor using a non-contact type charging process has a creep value CI? of is 2.70% or more, preferably 3.00% or more, and a Vickers hardness (HV) at its surface of 20?HV?25 in a case where a maximum indenting load of 30 mN is loaded to the surface under a circumstance at a temperature of 25° C. and at a relative humidity of 50%. Since such an electrophotographic photoreceptor is excellent in flexibility and has plasticity not too soft nor exhibiting fragility, the amount of film reduction due to wear is decreased during long time use, excellent surface smoothness is ensured, and there is no occurrence of injury or unevenness in density to the formed images.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor comprising a conductive substrate and at least a charge generating layer and a charge transporting layer successively layered on the substrate, wherein the charge transporting layer comprises a charge transporting material (M) and a binder resin (B) which contains, as a main component, a compound represented by the general formula (1): in which R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and R8, may be the same or different each other and each independently denote a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C6 alkyl group; and R9 and R10 may be the same or different each other and each independently denote a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C6 alkyl group, a saturated cyclic C4 to C10 hydrocarbyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; and n denotes an integer: and further has a layered structure composed of a plurality of said charge transporting layers wherein the outermost layer of the said charge tran

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor which is excellent in the cleaning property and does not deteriorates the image quality for the formed images during long time use, and capable of forming images at high sensitivity, high resolution and high image quality, is provided. A photosensitive layer provided on a conductive substrate of an electrophotographic photoreceptor contains an oxotitanium phthalocyanine of a crystal form showing a diffraction peak at least at 27.3° in view of the Bragg angle 2? in the X-ray diffraction spectrum and a surface free energy (?) on a surface thereof is set to range from no less than 20 mN/m to no more than 35 mN/m. Such a inclusion of the oxotitanium phthalocyanine of specified crystal form enables formation of an image excellent in sensitivity and resolution and the control of a foreign matter depositing force when ? is set to an appropriate range, thus delivering a good cleaning performance.