Abstract: A multilayer ceramic capacitor has a laminate comprising dielectric layers stacked alternately with internal electrode layers of different polarities, wherein: the dielectric layers contain ceramic grains whose primary component is BaTiO3; the ceramic grains contain at least one type of donor element (D) selected from the group that includes Nb, Mo, Ta, and W, and at least one type of acceptor element (A) selected from the group that includes Mg and Mn; and the ratio of the concentration of the donor element (D) and that of the acceptor element (A) (D/A) is greater than 1 at the center parts of the ceramic grains, while the D/A ratio is less than 1 at the outer edge parts of the ceramic grains (if A=0, then D/A=? and D=A=0 never occurs).

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic capacitor includes ceramic grains forming a dielectric layer of the multilayer ceramic capacitor, which ceramic grains contain a coarse ceramic grain SPr having a coarse grain size Dcoa that satisfies the condition of Tmin ?Dcoa ?Tmax where Tmax is the maximum thickness of the dielectric layer and Tmin is the minimum thickness of the dielectric layer. The multilayer ceramic capacitor is capable of inhibiting deterioration of capacitance and capacity-temperature characteristics even when the internal electrode layer is made thin.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic capacitor has a laminate comprising dielectric layers stacked alternately with internal electrode layers of different polarities, wherein: the dielectric layers contain ceramic grains whose primary component is BaTiO3; the ceramic grains contain at least one type of donor element (D) selected from the group that includes Nb, Mo, Ta, and W, and at least one type of acceptor element (A) selected from the group that includes Mg and Mn; and the ratio of the concentration of the donor element (D) and that of the acceptor element (A) (D/A) is greater than 1 at the center parts of the ceramic grains, while the D/A ratio is less than 1 at the outer edge parts of the ceramic grains (if A=0, then D/A=? and D=A=0 never occurs).

Abstract: A dielectric ceramic is formed with sintered grains constituting the dielectric have an average grain size of 0.2 to 1.0 ?m and an oxygen defect concentration of 0.2 to 0.5%. An acceptor element is added to the dielectric ceramic by no more than 0.5 mol per 100 mol of the primary component of BaTiO3. The oxygen defect concentration is temporarily increased by reduction and sintering, after which the oxygen defect concentration is reduced through the subsequent re-oxidization process. Crystal strain generated in the re-oxidization process increases the dielectric constant.

Abstract: With a multilayer ceramic capacitor whose average grain size of the dielectric grains present at the outermost layer position P1 in the laminate is given by D1, average grain size of the dielectric grains present at the center position P2 in the laminate is given by D2, and average grain size of the dielectric grains present at the 25%-penetrated position P3 which is a position penetrated into the laminate by 25% is given by D3, growth of the dielectric grains occurring as a result of sintering is partially suppressed in such a way that the relationships of average grain sizes D1, D2, and D3 satisfy the conditions of 1.5×D1<D3 and 1.2×D2<D3. This way, a sufficient CR product can be obtained even with a dielectric thickness of 1 ?m or less.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic capacitor includes ceramic grains forming a dielectric layer of the multilayer ceramic capacitor, which ceramic grains contain a coarse ceramic grain SPr having a coarse grain size Dcoa that satisfies the condition of Tmin Dcoa Tmax where Tmax is the maximum thickness of the dielectric layer and Tmin is the minimum thickness of the dielectric layer. The multilayer ceramic capacitor is capable of inhibiting deterioration of capacitance and capacity-temperature characteristics even when the internal electrode layer is made thin.

Abstract: With a multilayer ceramic capacitor whose average grain size of the dielectric grains present at the outermost layer position P1 in the laminate is given by D1, average grain size of the dielectric grains present at the center position P2 in the laminate is given by D2, and average grain size of the dielectric grains present at the 25%-penetrated position P3 which is a position penetrated into the laminate by 25% is given by D3, growth of the dielectric grains occurring as a result of sintering is partially suppressed in such a way that the relationships of average grain sizes D1, D2, and D3 satisfy the conditions of 1.5×D1<D3 and 1.2×D2<D3. This way, a sufficient CR product can be obtained even with a dielectric thickness of 1 ?m or less.

Abstract: A dielectric ceramic is formed with sintered grains constituting the dielectric have an average grain size of 0.2 to 1.0 gm and an oxygen defect concentration of 0.2 to 0.5%. An acceptor element is added to the dielectric ceramic by no more than 0.5 mol per 100 mol of the primary component of BaTiO3. The oxygen defect concentration is temporarily increased by reduction and sintering, after which the oxygen defect concentration is reduced through the subsequent re-oxidization process. Crystal strain generated in the re-oxidization process increases the dielectric constant.

Abstract: A small, large-capacitance multi-layer ceramic capacitor suppressed for remarkable lowering of permittivity, having a capacitor main body formed of ceramic dielectric layers comprising barium titanate as a main component and an Si oxide at a ratio of 0.5 to 10 mol being converted as SiO2 based on 100 mol of barium titanate and internal electrode layers, and a pair of external electrodes which are formed at the end faces of the capacitor main body and connected electrically with the internal electrode layers, in which the ceramic dielectric layer has crystal grains, crystal grain boundaries each present between the crystal grains and a grain boundary triple point, and B/A is 0.

Abstract: A small, large-capacitance multi-layer ceramic capacitor suppressed for remarkable lowering of permittivity, having a capacitor main body formed of ceramic dielectric layers comprising barium titanate as a main component and an Si oxide at a ratio of 0.5 to 10 mol being converted as SiO2 based on 100 mol of barium titanate and internal electrode layers, and a pair of external electrodes which are formed at the end faces of the capacitor main body and connected electrically with the internal electrode layers, in which the ceramic dielectric layer has crystal grains, crystal grain boundaries each present between the crystal grains and a grain boundary triple point, and B/A is 0.

Abstract: A multi-layer ceramic capacitor has substantially hexagonal shape multi-layer ceramics, internal electrodes formed so as to oppose to each other by way of the dielectric ceramics and led to different end faces alternately in the multi-layer ceramic body, and end termination electrodes formed on both end faces of the multi-layer ceramics and electrically connected to the internal electrodes respectively led out to the end faces, in which the ratio between the average value D for the diameter of the grains and the average value d for the particle diameter of the raw material powder of the perovskite dielectric substance is: 1.2?D/d?1.5, and the average value D for the diameter of the grains constituting the dielectric ceramics is from 40 to 150 nm.

Abstract: A method of making an alloy powder for an R—Fe—B-type rare earth magnet includes the steps of preparing a material alloy that is to be used for forming the R—Fe—B-type rare earth magnet and that has a chilled structure that constitutes about 2 volume percent to about 20 volume percent of the material alloy, coarsely pulverizing the material alloy for the R—Fe—B-type rare earth magnet by utilizing a hydrogen occlusion phenomenon to obtain a coarsely pulverized powder, finely pulverizing the coarsely pulverized powder and removing at least some of fine powder particles having particle sizes of about 1.0 ?m or less from the finely pulverized powder, thereby reducing the volume fraction of the fine powder particles with the particle sizes of about 1.0 ?m or less, and covering the surface of remaining ones of the powder particles with a lubricant after the step of removing has been performed.

Abstract: The system of the invention includes: a storage portion for storing the information as to installation sites of a plurality of output apparatuses and their functional information (e.g., shop list table in the print service server); and an output apparatus candidate selecting device for extracting the candidates for the nearby output apparatus capable of producing an output of the image data, with reference to the information as to installation sites of the output apparatuses with their functional information stored in the storage portion, based on the image data input via the network from a portable terminal device and the information as to the current position of the portable terminal device. The image data is transferred to the output apparatus selected by the user from the output apparatus candidates presented by the output apparatus candidate selecting device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rare-earth sintered magnet exhibiting desirable magnetic properties in which the amount of Nd and/or Pr forming a non-magnetic phase in a grain boundary phase is reduced. Specifically, the present invention provides a rare-earth sintered magnet having a composition of (R1x+R2y)T100-x-y-zQz where R1 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of all rare-earth elements excluding La (lanthanum), Y (yttrium) and Sc (scandium); R2 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of La, Y and Sc; T is at least one element selected from the group consisting of all transition elements; Q is at least one element selected from the group consisting of B and C, and including, as a main phase, a crystal grain of an Nd2Fe14B crystalline structure, wherein: molar fractions x, y and z satisfy 8?x?18 at %, 0.1?y?3.

Abstract: A mail server includes a forwarding confirmation section which notifies a mobile phone of receipt of an e-mail, and mail and address forwarding sections which send attached data separated and a user ID to a print server, respectively. Each printer is managed by the print server that includes data holding and stored data search sections for storing the attached data and user ID. The printer has an input section from which the user ID is inputted. The print server is notified of the user ID inputted from the printer so as to search for attached data corresponding to the notified user ID and transfer it to the printer for print. It is thus possible to provide a print service system capable of printing out attached data when not recognized by some mobile devices including a mobile phone, by a nearest printer connected with a broadband network, without increasing communications costs.

Abstract: A method of making an alloy powder for an R—Fe—B—type rare earth magnet includes the steps of preparing a material alloy that is to be used for forming the R—Fe—B—type rare earth magnet and that has a chilled structure that constitutes about 2 volume percent to about 20 volume percent of the material alloy, coarsely pulverizing the material alloy for the R—Fe—B—type rare earth magnet by utilizing a hydrogen occlusion phenomenon to obtain a coarsely pulverized powder, finely pulverizing the coarsely pulverized powder and removing at least some of fine powder particles having particle sizes of about 1.0 &mgr;m or less from the finely pulverized powder, thereby reducing the volume fraction of the fine powder particles with the particle sizes of about 1.0 &mgr;m or less, and covering the surface of remaining ones of the powder particles with a lubricant after the step of removing has been performed.

Abstract: A method of making an alloy powder for an R—Fe—B-type rare earth magnet includes the steps of preparing a material alloy that is to be used for forming the R—Fe—B-type rare earth magnet and that has a chilled structure that constitutes about 2 volume percent to about 20 volume percent of the material alloy, coarsely pulverizing the material alloy for the R—Fe—B-type rare earth magnet by utilizing a hydrogen occlusion phenomenon to obtain a coarsely pulverized powder, finely pulverizing the coarsely pulverized powder and removing at least some of fine powder particles having particle sizes of about 1.0 &mgr;m or less from the finely pulverized powder, thereby reducing the volume fraction of the fine powder particles with the particle sizes of about 1.0 &mgr;m or less, and covering the surface of remaining ones of the powder particles with a lubricant after the step of removing has been performed.

Abstract: A method of making an alloy powder for an R—Fe—B-type rare earth magnet includes the steps of preparing a material alloy that is to be used for forming the R—Fe—B-type rare earth magnet and that has a chilled structure that constitutes about 2 volume percent to about 20 volume percent of the material alloy, coarsely pulverizing the material alloy for the R—Fe—B-type rare earth magnet by utilizing a hydrogen occlusion phenomenon to obtain a coarsely pulverized powder, finely pulverizing the coarsely pulverized powder and removing at least some of fine powder particles having particle sizes of about 1.0 &mgr;m or less from the finely pulverized powder, thereby reducing the volume fraction of the fine powder particles with the particle sizes of about 1.0 &mgr;m or less, and covering the surface of remaining ones of the powder particles with a lubricant after the step of removing has been performed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rare-earth sintered magnet exhibiting desirable magnetic properties in which the amount of Nd and/or Pr forming a non-magnetic phase in a grain boundary phase is reduced. Specifically, the present invention provides a rare-earth sintered magnet having a composition of (R1x+R2y)T100-x-y-zQz where R1 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of all rare-earth elements excluding La (lanthanum), Y (yttrium) and Sc (scandium); R2 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of La, Y and Sc; T is at least one element selected from the group consisting of all transition elements; Q is at least one element selected from the group consisting of B and C, and including, as a main phase, a crystal grain of an Nd2Fe14B crystalline structure, wherein: molar fractions x, y and z satisfy 8≦x≦18 at %, 0.1≦y≦3.

Abstract: A mail server includes a forwarding confirmation section which notifies a mobile phone of receipt of an e-mail, and mail and address forwarding sections which send attached data separated and a user ID to a print server, respectively. Each printer is managed by the print server that includes data holding and stored data search sections for storing the attached data and user ID. The printer has an input section from which the user ID is inputted. The print server is notified of the user ID inputted from the printer so as to search for attached data corresponding to the notified user ID and transfer it to the printer for print. It is thus possible to provide a print service system capable of printing out attached data when not recognized by some mobile devices including a mobile phone, by a nearest printer connected with a broadband network, without increasing communications costs.