Abstract: An analog to digital converter circuit included in a meter ECU detects an output voltage of a potentiometer and a source voltage outputted from a battery, and converts them to different pieces of digital data. It also detects reference voltages outputted from adjustment resistors and an adjustment battery, and converts them to different pieces of digital data. It then calculates digital data on a corrected sensor output by correcting a detection error associated with a jumper line and a voltage variation in the source voltage based on the digital data.

Abstract: An analog to digital converter circuit included in a meter ECU detects an output voltage of a potentiometer and a source voltage outputted from a battery, and converts them to different pieces of digital data. It also detects reference voltages outputted from adjustment resistors and an adjustment battery, and converts them to different pieces of digital data. It then calculates digital data on a corrected sensor output by correcting a detection error associated with a jumper line and a voltage variation in the source voltage based on the digital data.

Abstract: A blocking plate is disposed to face a substrate which is held by substrate holding device. A processing fluid is supplied to a surface of the substrate while supplying inert gas into a space between the substrate and the blocking plate. Since the inert gas flows along the surface of the substrate within the space between the substrate and the blocking plate, no turbulence which whirls upward is created at the surface of the substrate. This prevents the pollutants from adhering to the substrate and improves the quality of the substrate.

Abstract: A torque transducer including a ferromagneto-stricting device provided for a rotational shaft, a magnetic field supply device for supplying a magnetic field to the ferromagneto-stricting device, a sensing device for sensing a change in the magnetic permeability of the ferromagneto-stricting device caused by torque applied to the rotational shaft, a fixed housing for rotatably supporting the rotational shaft, an electromagnetic shielding device for electrically shielding the magnetic field supply device and the sensing device, and a spacer interposed between the fixed housing and the electromagnetic shielding device for causing the electromagnetic shielding device to be held in the fixed housing.

Abstract: A torque transducer including: a ferromagneto-stricting device provided for a rotational shaft; a magnetic field supply device for supplying a magnetic field to the ferromagneto-stricting device; a sensing device for sensing the change in the magnetic permeability which has taken place due to torque acting on the rotational shaft; a fixed housing for rotatably supporting the rotational shaft via a bearing unit; and an electromagnetic shielding device for surrounding the magnetic field supply device and the sensing device to electromagnetically shield them. The magnetic field supply device comprises an exciting coil, while the sensing device comprises a sensing coil. The electromagnetic shielding device is supported by the fixed housing via an elastic holding member. A seal member is disposed outside the bearing unit. The fixed housing and the electromagnetic shielding device are electrically earthed.

Abstract: An apparatus for driving a gauge having coils in quadrature to generate a resultant magnetic field in accordance with currents applied thereto and having a pointer angularly swept by the field, the apparatus having a memory to store a first data defining a relationship between a first level, indicative of the current applied to one of the coils, and an angle of the pointer. The first level has a continous waveform varying in isoceles trapezoid form over an angle range of 0.degree. to 180.degree.. The first data varies symmetrically with the isoceles trapezoid wave at the 180.degree. pointer angle over an angle range of 180.degree. to 360.degree.. The memory is arranged to store second data defining a relationship between a second level indicative of the current applied to the other coil and the pointer angle. The second level has a continuous waveform phase shifted by 90.degree. from the continuous waveform of the first data.

Abstract: A system for detecting rotational frequency of engine which comprises a switching device including a switching transistor for switching on and off the flow of current to the ignition coil of an internal combustion engine and a current limiting circuit for limiting the flow of current to the switching transistor to a predetermined value, and a speed detecting circuit connected to the junction of the ignition coil and the switching transistor.