Abstract: The disclosed substrate support includes a first region, a second region, a first electrode, and a second electrode. The first region is configured to hold a substrate placed thereon. The second region is provided to surround the first region and configured to hold an edge ring placed thereon. The first electrode is provided in the first region to receive a first electrical bias. The second electrode is provided in at least the second region to receive a second electrical bias. The second electrode extends below the first electrode to face the first electrode within the first region.

Abstract: An attitude angle estimating means computes a derivative amount of an attitude angle with respect to a vertical axis of a vehicle body, and integrates the computed derivative amount of the attitude angle, and estimates the attitude angle. On the basis of the sensor signal and the attitude angle estimated by the attitude angle estimating means, a computing means computes a derivative amount of the attitude angle obtained from equations of motion for vehicle motion. A drift amount estimating means estimates a sensor drift amount of the sensor signal by using a relationship that, when taking a sensor drift amount of the sensor signal into consideration, the derivative amount of the attitude angle computed by the attitude angle estimating means, and a value that considers a sensor drift amount in the derivative amount of the attitude angle computed by the computing means, are equal.

Abstract: [Problem] An instrument display board is provided which does not need troublesome work for preparing plural plate members, can adopt a great variety of designs, can present a stereoscopic feeling and a high-class feeling, brings about unprecedented color tone variation, metallic texture, brilliancy in the light, etc., is very excellent in high-class feeling and design variation, has excellent appearance quality and therefore can enhance merchantability. A process for producing the instrument display board is provided.

Abstract: A vehicle body speed estimating device. An attitude angle estimating mechanism estimates a roll angle and a pitch angle. A longitudinal speed computing mechanism computes longitudinal vehicle body speed. A vehicle body speed estimator estimates lateral vehicle body speed by using, as state amounts of vehicle motion, the longitudinal vehicle body speed and the lateral vehicle body speed, and on the basis of respective detected values of longitudinal acceleration, lateral acceleration and yaw angular velocity of vehicle motion, and respective estimated values of the roll angle and the pitch angle, and a product of a computed value of the longitudinal vehicle body speed and a value obtained from an absolute value of the detected value of the yaw angular velocity.

Abstract: A display panel is provided with a solar cell, a light transmitting substrate arranged on a side of the solar cell to be seen, and a reflective polarizing plate. An uneven pattern is arranged on at least one surface of the reflective polarizing plate. The pattern desirably has concave and convex shape formed on at least one surface of the reflective polarizing plate. The respective concave and convex patterns may be different from each other. The reflective polarizing plate is provided with a light reflection axis and a light transmission easy axis.

Abstract: A display plate for a solar cell device provided with a solar cell on the bottom surface side includes a light transmission substrate, a light transmission reflecting plate that is disposed on the bottom surface side of the light transmission substrate, and a decorative member that is disposed on the top surface side of the display plate. The light transmission substrate is provided with a reflecting surface on the bottom surface side or on the top and bottom surface sides of the light transmission substrate. The reflecting surface of the light transmission substrate is made of a prism reflecting surface.

Abstract: On the basis of a sensor signal corresponding to a detected value of a motion state amount of vehicle motion, an attitude angle estimating means of a sensor drift amount estimating device computes a derivative amount of an attitude angle with respect to a vertical axis of a vehicle body, and integrates the computed derivative amount of the attitude angle, and estimates the attitude angle. On the basis of the sensor signal and the attitude angle estimated by the attitude angle estimating means, a computing means computes a derivative amount of the attitude angle obtained from equations of motion for vehicle motion.

Abstract: A vehicle body speed estimating device. An attitude angle estimating mechanism estimates a roll angle and a pitch angle. A longitudinal speed computing mechanism computes longitudinal vehicle body speed. A vehicle body speed estimator estimates lateral vehicle body speed by using, as state amounts of vehicle motion, the longitudinal vehicle body speed and the lateral vehicle body speed, and on the basis of respective detected values of longitudinal acceleration, lateral acceleration and yaw angular velocity of vehicle motion, and respective estimated values of the roll angle and the pitch angle, and a product of a computed value of the longitudinal vehicle body speed and a value obtained from an absolute value of the detected value of the yaw angular velocity.

Abstract: A display panel is provided with a solar cell, a light transmitting substrate arranged on a side of the solar cell to be seen, and a reflective polarizing plate. An uneven pattern is arranged on at least one surface of the reflective polarizing plate.

Abstract: [Problem] An instrument display board is provided which does not need troublesome work for preparing plural plate members, can adopt a great variety of designs, can present a stereoscopic feeling and a high-class feeling, brings about unprecedented color tone variation, metallic texture, brilliancy in the light, etc., is very excellent in high-class feeling and design variation, has excellent appearance quality and therefore can enhance merchantability. A process for producing the instrument display board is provided.

Abstract: A display plate for a solar cell device provided with a solar cell on the bottom surface side includes a light transmission substrate, a light transmission reflecting plate that is disposed on the bottom surface side of the light transmission substrate, and a decorative member that is disposed on the top surface side of the display plate. The light transmission substrate is provided with a reflecting surface on the bottom surface side or on the top and bottom surface sides of the light transmission substrate. The reflecting surface of the light transmission substrate is made of a prism reflecting surface.

Abstract: A dial for a watch has a transmissive substrate (11) and a series of projections and recesses (11a, 11b). A nontransmissive film (12) is formed in each of the recesses with a metallic film.

Abstract: A dial for a watch has a transmissive substrate (11) and a series of projections and recesses (11a, 11b). A nontransmissive film (12) is formed in each of the recesses with a metallic film.

Abstract: An indicating plate for a timepiece is provided which is so structured as to prevent viewing of the solar cell and other items arranged thereunder through the indicating plate, which permits the same design expression as realized by the conventional metallic indicating plate and extensively increases a design variation inclusive of a ton (delicate hue) and pattern with superior-quality appearance and which has an excellent appearance quality to thereby ensure and enhance commercial value. The indicating plate for the timepiece is a timepiece indicating plate arranged on the front surface side of a solar cell housed in a timepiece. The timepiece indicating plate comprises a resin substrate through which light can be transmitted and metallic thin film layer coating formed on at least one side of the resin substrate by dry plating.

Abstract: In a display device for an electronic apparatus, a circular polarizing plate constituted by a linear polarizing plate 42 and a ¼&lgr; plate 43 is provided between a solar display board 41 and a middle frame 46 for fixing a module 45 having a solar cell 44 to an outer case. As a result, a boundary line between the middle frame 46 and the solar cell 44, a gate track generated through injection molding of the middle frame 46, and further more, a solar cell element dividing line of the solar cell 44 cannot be seen. Consequently, a variation in design of the solar display board 41 can be increased. Moreover, the color of the solar display board 41 is deepened so that a feeling of high quality can be obtained as goods, and the provision of the middle frame can provide various external shapes of a watch in respect of the design.

Abstract: An indicating plate for a solar watch, comprising a color diffusion plate which, by virtue of the presence of a coloring agent, a coloring light diffusing agent, a colored translucent substrate, a pattern layer/colored thin film layer and a diffusion layer, is adapted to transmit a portion of light having a wavelength within a range capable of causing a solar cell housed under the indicating plate to generate power. The color diffusion plate is adapted to make it difficult to view the solar cell from the outside through the indicating plate and is also adapted to impart a color tone to the indicating plate.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for estimating a vehicle speed of a vehicle in which a driving state can be switched between a four-wheel drive (4WD) state and a two-wheel drive (2WD) state. The driving state of the vehicle can be determined based on one or more pieces of information. A controller calculates the vehicle speed based on a wheel speed of at least one non-driven wheel when it is determined that the vehicle is in the 2WD state. When it is determined that the vehicle is not in the 2WD state or when it cannot be determined that the vehicle is in the 2WD state, the controller calculates the vehicle speed based on the lowest one and/or the second lowest one of the wheel speeds of all of the wheels. Further, an apparatus and method for performing predetermined control, such as behavior control or traction control, that perform the control by using the estimated vehicle speed.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for estimating a vehicle speed of a vehicle in which a driving state can be switched between a four-wheel drive (4WD) state and a two-wheel drive (2WD) state. The driving state of the vehicle can be determined based on one or more pieces of information. A controller calculates the vehicle speed based on a wheel speed of at least one non-driven wheel when it is determined that the vehicle is in the 2WD state. When it is determined that the vehicle is not in the 2WD state or when it cannot be determined that the vehicle is in the 2WD state, the controller calculates the vehicle speed based on the lowest one and/or the second lowest one of the wheel speeds of all of the wheels. Further, an apparatus and method for performing predetermined control, such as behavior control or traction control, that perform the control by using the estimated vehicle speed.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine control apparatus is capable of changing between a stratified charge combustion operation and a uniform combustion operation in accordance with the operating condition of an internal combustion engine. If a request for a reduction in the torque of the engine is issued in order to reduce the behavior change of the vehicle or the like, the torque of the engine can be reduced with high responsiveness and high precision by immediately changing the operation of the engine to the stratified charge combustion operation, and then controlling at least one of the amount of fuel to be injected and the fuel injection timing.