Abstract: In a water treating device with a water wheel (3) arranged on upper side of an immersion filter bed (4) for performing surface aeration, the immersion filter bed (4) is composed of a plurality of filter bed elements (4a), (4b) including a net-shaped substance (5) as main element, which elements (4a), (4b) are stood in parallel or laminated. In this constitution, the microorganisms are adhered and activated throughout the whole filter bed, and closing due to waste substances is not easily produced, thereby the water treating efficiency is significantly improved.

Abstract: An automotive air-conditioning apparatus has an air blower and an air mixing damper for adjusting the ratio of a mixture of cool air and hot air. The temperature of air in the automobile cabin is controlled dependent on the amount of air fed from the air blower and the opening of the air mixing damper. In a demisting mode, the amount of air from the air blower is greater than that in a normal temperature adjusting mode, and the opening of the air mixing damper is controlled dependent on ambient-air conditions.

Abstract: An air conditioning system for preventing the fogging of vehicle windows includes a defroster switch which is closed to turn on a compressor when the temperature at or around the surfaces of an evaporator drops down to a predetermined off mode level. When the temperature outside the vehicle passenger compartment drops from a relatively high level to a first predetermined level, the off mode level becomes saturated to a constant (maximum) level. As the outside temperature further drops to reach a predetermined second temperature level, the off mode level is progressively lowered from the maximum level to a lower level. With this control, the compressor is turned on again after being closed by closing of the defroster switch, thereby permitting the vehicle windows to be cleared of the fogging from their inner surfaces.