Abstract: A claw-pole permanent-magnet stepping motor includes a pair of cases containing two or more inductors in symmetrical arrangement with multiple claw poles. The case unit has an oval shape having thin flat side walls or thin stepped side walls and connecting thick arcuate surfaces operating to resist external flux leakage from the motor and eliminating magnetic circuit obstructions. The cases, side walls, and inductors allow the motor to have a width to length ratio from about one to one to about one to two thus allowing a reduction in size and a low profile design while retaining available output torque.

Abstract: A control system for a fuel cell includes a reactant gas supplying unit which supplies a reactant gas to the fuel cell, and a discharged reactant gas flow control unit disposed at an outlet of the fuel cell. The discharged reactant gas flow control unit includes a first control valve and a second control valve disposed in parallel with the first control valve. The second control valve has a different pressure-flow control characteristic as compared with the first control valve. Only the second control valve controls the flow rate of a discharged reactant gas until the flow rate exceeds a predetermined value, and the second control valve together with the first control valve controls the flow rate of the discharged reactant gas when the flow rate of the discharged reactant gas exceeds the predetermined value.

Abstract: A claw-pole permanent-magnet stepping motor includes a pair of cases containing two or more inductors in symmetrical arrangement with multiple claw poles. The case unit has an oval shape having thin flat side walls or thin stepped side walls and connecting thick arcuate surfaces operating to resist external flux leakage from the motor and eliminating magnetic circuit obstructions. The cases, side walls, and inductors allow the motor to have a width to length ratio from about one to one to about one to two thus allowing a reduction in size and a low profile design while retaining available output torque.

Abstract: A control system for a fuel cell includes a reactant gas supplying unit which supplies a reactant gas to the fuel cell, and a discharged reactant gas flow control unit disposed at an outlet of the fuel cell. The discharged reactant gas flow control unit includes a first control valve and a second control valve disposed in parallel with the first control valve. The second control valve has a different pressure-flow control characteristic as compared with the first control valve. Only the second control valve controls the flow rate of a discharged reactant gas until the flow rate exceeds a predetermined value, and the second control valve together with the first control valve controls the flow rate of the discharged reactant gas when the flow rate of the discharged reactant gas exceeds the predetermined value.

Abstract: A dynamic pressure-type fluid bearing usable in a polygon mirror scanner for a laser beam printer includes a sleeve having an inner peripheral surface and a bottom face, and a journal having an outer peripheral surface cooperating with the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve across a predetermined clearance, and an end face cooperating with the bottom face of the sleeve. In an embodiment, the sleeve is rotatable relative to the journal and is held by a magnetic retaining force in such a manner that a predetermined gap is formed between the bottom face of the sleeve and the end face of the journal even when the bearing is at rest. The bottom face of the sleeve includes a porous body so that the gap between the bottom face and end is communicated with the outside of the bearing.