Abstract: A vapor-liquid contacting device comprises: a spherical cage having a movable disk located inside. A weight piece is attached to the disk. The center of gravity of the weight piece is located on the axis of the disk. During the operation of a packed tower, the upward force of the vapor flow will cause the weight piece to seek the lowest position inside the cage, and the disk will end up in the horizontal position. As the liquid falls on the top of the disk, it would be spread and fall around the edge of the disk to form a liquid curtain. As the liquid cascades down the tower, it would be spread laterally and achieve a good liquid distribution and a good vapor-liquid contact.

Abstract: A motive air seat cushion comprises: an envelope with an air inlet opening and air discharge openings around the edges. An air distribution box having a plurality of holes around the edges is located inside the envelope and connected to the air inlet opening. A flexible hollow supporting padding is embedded inside the envelope to provide void spaces and also support for the envelope. As air from a motive air source flows into the air distribution box and then diffuses evenly through the envelope, the cushion is cooled or warmed, thus giving a cooling or warming sensation to a person sitting on the cushion.

Abstract: An air cooled/heated seat cushion comprises: an envelope with an air inlet opening and an air discharge opening. A flexible hollow supporting padding is embedded inside the envelope to allow air to diffuse through the envelope. As air from a ventilation air source of a car, truck, or craft flows through the cushion, the cushion is cooled or heated. The cusion in turn gives a cooling or heating sensation to a person sitting on it. An even better way is to employ an air distributor inside the envelope, so that air can be uniformly distributed throughout the cushion.