Abstract: To provide a process for producing carbonate particles, particularly carbonate particles that are needle- or rod-shaped, which can efficiently and readily form carbonate particles which offer orientation birefringence without heating at approximately room temperature, and can control the particle size. In the process, a carbon dioxide gas from a carbonate source is released into the gas phase and the carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in a liquid containing a metal ion source to produce carbonate particles which have an aspect ratio of greater than 1, wherein the metal ion source contains at least one metal ion selected from the group consisting of Sr2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+. The carbonate particles are preferably needle- or rod-shaped, the metal ion source is a hydroxide of a metal such as Sr, the carbon dioxide gas is released in a closed vessel, and the liquid contains a solvent.