Abstract: An improved system for designing seismic surveys wherein the density and areal size of the seismic survey components (e.g., sources or receivers) are selected based on a plurality of calculated templates of the components that are generated using a mapping function.

Abstract: A method of processing seismic data enables correlation of P and S-wave seismic traces. First, P and S-waves are transmitted into the subsurface. The two-way vertical travel times are then measured for each wave to different depths so as to yield two sets of time-depths pairs. Mathematical functions relating two-way vertical travel time, T.sub.s or T.sub.p, and depth are fitted to each set of time-depth pairs. These functions are combined to yield an expression relating T.sub.s and T.sub.p. This expression may be utilized to rescale one of the traces to yield correlated P and S-wave traces.

Abstract: In vertical seismic profiling (VSP), VSP seismic data is transformed into surface seismic data by mapping segments of the VSP seismic data into surface seismic data time. The transformation results in data which is more easily interpreted with respect to determining subsurface structure because the data is stacked and because the data is in a more conventional form.