Abstract: A method for producing a thermal barrier coating/environmental barrier coating system on a silicon containing material substrate includes applying an environmental barrier coating (EBC) over the silicon containing material substrate; and applying a thermal barrier coating (TBC) over the EBC. The thermal barrier coating includes a compound having a primary constituent portion and a stabilizer portion stabilizing the primary constituent. The primary constituent portion of the thermal barrier coating includes hafnia present in an amount of at least about 5 mol % of the primary constituent, and the stabilizer portion of the thermal barrier coating includes at least one metal oxide comprised of cations with a +2 or +3 valence present in the amount of about 10 to about 40 mol % of the thermal barrier coating.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provided herein include a calk or cleat for a horseshoe or a human shoe including a receptacle and a stud, and methods of installing and removing the calk or cleat, or the stud of the calk or cleat. The receptacle has a can or cylindrical shape and may have an outside threaded wall capable of being threaded into a threaded hole in the horseshoe or the human shoe and an inner wall having one or more vertical keyway in communication with an annular keyway. The stud may have a top section and a barrel section with one or more keys disposed to be received in the one or more vertical keyways and the annular keyway, the one or more keys having one or more nipples to fit into one or more divots on the bottom of the annular keyway. The inventive embodiments are designed to allow for quick and easy application and removal of the calk or stud without the use of tools.