Abstract: A fluorescent lamp includes: an emission tube for generating a luminous flux; a first filament provided at one end of the emission tube; a second filament provided at another end of the emission tube; first current regulator having a first impedance; a first electrode pin coupled to one end of the first filament via the first current regulator; a first switch coupled in parallel to the first current regulator; a second switch; a second electrode pin coupled to another end of the first filament via the second switch; and a control circuit for controlling the first switch and the second switch so as to be opened or closed. The control circuit doses the first switch and the second switch before the fluorescent lamp is lit and during a nominal lighting period after the fluorescent lamp is lit, and opens the first switch and the second switch during a power conservation lighting period following the nominal lighting period.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp includes: an emission tube for generating a luminous flux; a first filament provided at one end of the emission tube; a second filament provided at another end of the emission tube; first current regulation means having a first impedance; a first electrode pin coupled to one end of the first filament via the first current regulation means; a first switch coupled in parallel to the first current regulation means; a second switch; a second electrode pin coupled to another end of the first filament via the second switch; and a control circuit for controlling the first switch and the second switch so as to be opened or closed. The control circuit closes the first switch and the second switch before the fluorescent lamp is lit and during a nominal lighting period after the fluorescent lamp is lit, and opens the first switch and the second switch during a power conservation lighting period following the nominal lighting period.

Abstract: A radiation detector has a film-like pyroelectric element which has a fan shape, and two support plates which are made of an electrical and thermal insulating resin and adhered to the both ends elongating from the pivot of the fan shape to the peripheral portion. After a radiation absorbing layer is attached to one face of the pyroelectric element, the resin plates are adhered to each other so that the layer is positioned inside and the pyroelectric element is formed into a conic shape, thereby forming a conic portion. Radiation entering an opening of the bottom face of the conic portion is absorbed by the layer in the form of heat. The temperature rise is converted by the pyroelectric element into an electric signal, thereby detecting the energy amount of the radiation. A reflected component of radiation entering the layer again enters the layer. Since the input radiation is repeatedly reflected and absorbed by the layer, the radiation is absorbed and detected with about 100% irrespective of the wavelength.