Abstract: A nano-tube of multi-element system oxide having novel characteristics and expected to gain application to a variety of devices includes a multi-element system oxide containing at least one of Bi, Y, La and Sc as a component thereof and having a tube diameter of less than 1×10−6 m.

Abstract: To provide a ring crystalline body, which is a ring crystalline body with a small diameter and formed with a thin line and capable of providing electric conduction along the ring, and to provide a production method of the ring crystalline body. A droplet is stuck to a surface of a substrate and then the droplet is evaporated to a discontinuous underlayer ring having an ultrafine three-dimensional structure on the substrate surface. After that, when a transition metal dichalcogenide, a transition metal trichalcogenide, or a low-dimensional conductor as raw material gas is evaporated, a ring crystalline body comprising the raw material is grown along the underlayer ring.

Abstract: When it is determined that a pulse width of high harmonic light Lb to jitter of discharge light Ld is not appropriate as a result of comparison between a waveform of the discharge light Ld and that of the high harmonic light Lb, a main controller judges that the jitter of the discharge light Ld in a gas laser device is large, and controls to move a translating stage to extend a cavity length so to increase a pulse width of fundamental harmonic light La which is laser-oscillated by an oscillator. When the main controller determines that a light intensity of the high harmonic light Lb has a value smaller than a predetermined value and is not normal, it controls to move the translating stage to shorten the cavity length so to enhance the light intensity of seed light La to be laser-oscillated by the oscillator. Thus, the light intensity and pulse width of the seed light at injection locking are optimized.

Abstract: The invention provides a laser machining apparatus which can effectively machine a fine portion. Accordingly, in a laser machining apparatus which irradiates laser beams (11) onto a subject to be machined (37) so as to perform a machining, there are provided an injection locking type ultraviolet rays laser apparatus (1) having an unstable resonator (45, 46), a condenser array (29) having a plurality of condensers (28) arranged one to one in correspondence to an arrangement of machining positions (98) of the subject to be machined (37), and an intensity distribution converting optical part (25) for converting an intensity distribution of the laser beams (11).

Abstract: A recess is formed on the upper surface of a cover sealing a laser chamber for accommodating plurality of capacitors for applying discharge voltage across a pair of discharge electrodes thus decreasing the cross-sectional area of a circuit loop passing discharge current. In a modified embodiment, a preliminary ionization gap is provided for a return rod constituting the circuit loop.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for quantitative analysis in accordance with CARS wherein a first system filled with a material to be measured and a second system filled with a reference material of known concentration are disposed in series; first laser light of a first frequency for excitation is applied to these systems together with second laser light having frequency of wide band width; light passed through these two systems, respectively, is applied to a spectrograph provided with, a multi-channel detector; and quantitative analysis for the material to be measured is effected on the basis of a ratio of intensity between the signal outputs generated in respective different channels of the multi-channel detector and corresponding to the material to be measured and to the reference material respectively. Furthermore, anti-Stokes' light emitted between rotational levels of hydrogen is utilized in the case of quantitative analysis of hydrogen.