Abstract: A medicament for preventive and/or therapeutic treatment of multiple sclerosis, especially a pain accompanying multiple sclerosis such as neuropathic pain, which contains a compound having a P2X4 receptor antagonist activity such as a compound represented by the general formula (IH), or a salt thereof or a hydrate or solvate thereof as an active ingredient.

Abstract: When leakage of fuel gas is detected by detection signals or disruption of the detection signals is detected, a FCECU limits a supply amount of the fuel gas from a fuel gas supply device, and shuts off the supply of the fuel gas by the fuel gas supply device when determining, after limiting the supply amount of the fuel gas, that the leakage of the fuel gas or the disruption of the detection signals has occurred.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a drain valve for a gas-liquid separator in a fuel off-gas flow path to discharge liquid water in the gas-liquid separator, a pressure sensor disposed at a fuel gas supply flow path or the fuel off-gas flow path to detect a gas pressure in the flow path, a power generation state acquisition unit to acquire a power generation state of a fuel cell stack, and a control device. The control device controls the opening and closing of the drain valve based on the power generation state and the gas pressure.

Abstract: A control unit of a fuel cell system estimates an amount of nitrogen in an anode flow field, performs a first comparison by comparing the estimated amount of nitrogen with a first threshold amount, performs a second comparison by comparing a target power generation amount as a target amount of power generation by a fuel cell stack with a second threshold amount in a case where the estimated amount of nitrogen in the anode flow field exceeds the first threshold amount in the first comparison, and controls opening and closing of a first valve and opening and closing of the second valve based on a result of the first comparison and a result of the second comparison.

Abstract: A control unit of a fuel cell system opens a second valve at the time of closing a first valve, and maintains the same operating state of a compressor before closing the first valve and after opening the second valve.

Abstract: A control unit of a fuel cell system measures or estimates an amount of nitrogen in an anode flow field, performs a first comparison by comparing the amount of nitrogen with the first threshold amount, performs a second comparison by comparing a differential pressure calculated by subtracting a cathode pressure value indicating a pressure inside a cathode flow field from an anode pressure value indicating a pressure inside the anode flow field with the second threshold pressure when the amount of nitrogen in the anode flow field is greater than the first threshold amount in the first comparison, and controls opening and closing of a valve based on the result of the first comparison and the result of the second comparison.

Abstract: A control unit estimates a discharged fuel gas amount, i.e., an amount of fuel gas discharged from the outlet of a cathode flow field, of a fuel exhaust gas introduced from a communication flow path to the inlet of the cathode flow field and then flowing through a cathode. The control unit calculates an oxygen-containing gas amount necessary for dilution at the time of discharge into the atmosphere, from the estimated discharged fuel gas amount, and sets a discharge amount of the air pump, based on the calculated oxygen-containing gas amount.

Abstract: An ECU of a fuel cell system supplies cathode gas by rotating an air pump at a low-load rotational speed and performs a low-load power generation in a fuel cell stack, while a moving body is traveling. When the fuel cell stack generates power while the moving body is stopped, the ECU increases the supply amount of the cathode gas by rotating the air pump at a during-stoppage-of-traveling rotational speed which is greater than the low-load rotational speed.

Abstract: A P2X4 receptor antagonist such as paroxetine, a diazepinedione derivative having the following formula (IX) is used as an agent for preventing or treating neuropathic pain associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome: wherein R1 is hydrogen, a C1-8 alkyl group, or the like; each R2 and R3 is hydrogen, a C1-8 alkyl group, or the like; each of R4 and R5 is hydrogen or the like; and W is a five-membered or six-membered heterocyclic ring optionally having one or more substituents and comprising one to four nitrogen atoms as the members of the ring.

Abstract: A method of detecting degradation of a membrane electrode assembly of a fuel cell is provided. In the method, it is possible to detect degradation (cross leakage) of the fuel cell. In the measurement step, the pressure drop value of the pressure of the fuel gas which decreases in the power generation state after discharging of the predetermined amount of the fuel gas, in each predetermined period of time is measured a plurality of times. Thereafter, in the determination step, it is determined that the membrane electrode assembly has been degraded in the case where the minimum pressure drop value, among a plurality of pressure measurement values, exceeds a threshold value.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack, an anode system apparatus, a control unit, an anode outlet temperature sensor, and a purge valve. In a method of starting operation of the fuel cell system at low temperature, a control unit compares a predetermined freezing temperature threshold value with an anode outlet temperature detected by an anode outlet temperature sensor. Then, the control unit performs low temperature control to place the purge valve in the constantly open state in the case where the temperature is not higher than the freezing temperature threshold value, and performs normal control for switching opening/closing of the purge valve in the case where the temperature exceeds the freezing temperature threshold value.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack of a plurality of power generation cells and an impedance measuring device for measuring the impedance in the fuel cell stack. When stopping the operation of the fuel cell system, a method for stopping the operation of the fuel cell system operates the plurality of power generation cells to generate electric power, until the impedance value becomes equal to or greater than an objective impedance value. After the impedance value has become equal to or greater than the objective impedance value, the operation stopping method still continues the power generation of the multiple power generation cells for a given period of time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a diazepine derivative represented by the following general formula (I) (in the formula, R1 and R2 represent hydrogen atom and the like, or R1 and R2 bind together to form a naphthalene ring and the like together with the benzene ring to which they bind, R3 and R4 represent hydrogen atom and the like, R5 represents hydrogen atom and the like, R6 and R7 represent hydrogen atom and the like, X represents C, CH or N, Y represents N, NH or C(?O), provided that when X is N, Y is not N or NH, and when X is C or CH, Y is not C(?O), Z represents oxygen atom or sulfur atom, A represents benzene ring and the like, B represents NHC(?O) and the like, D represents an atomic bond and the like, E represents an atomic bond and the like, G represents benzene which may be substituted and the like, and m represents an integer of 0 to 5) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, and a P2X4 receptor antagonist.

Abstract: When controlling the power generation state of a fuel cell stack based on a generated current command value, a control device sets the generated current command value based on a generated power command value and a generated voltage acquired by a voltage sensor such that the following expression is satisfied, regardless of whether a bleed valve is opened or closed: generated current command value=generated power command value/generated voltage.

Abstract: When leakage of fuel gas is detected by detection signals or disruption of the detection signals is detected, a FCECU limits a supply amount of the fuel gas from a fuel gas supply device, and shuts off the supply of the fuel gas by the fuel gas supply device when determining, after limiting the supply amount of the fuel gas, that the leakage of the fuel gas or the disruption of the detection signals has occurred.

Abstract: A control unit estimates a discharged fuel gas amount, i.e., an amount of fuel gas discharged from the outlet of a cathode flow field, of a fuel exhaust gas introduced from a communication flow path to the inlet of the cathode flow field and then flowing through a cathode. The control unit calculates an oxygen-containing gas amount necessary for dilution at the time of discharge into the atmosphere, from the estimated discharged fuel gas amount, and sets a discharge amount of the air pump, based on the calculated oxygen-containing gas amount.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a diazepine derivative represented by the following general formula (I) (in the formula, R1 and R2 represent hydrogen atom and the like, or R1 and R2 bind together to form a naphthalene ring and the like together with the benzene ring to which they bind, R3 and R4 represent hydrogen atom and the like, R5 represents hydrogen atom and the like, R6 and R7 represent hydrogen atom and the like, X represents C, CH or N, Y represents N, NH or C(?O), provided that when X is N, Y is not N or NH, and when X is C or CH, Y is not C(?O), Z represents oxygen atom or sulfur atom, A represents benzene ring and the like, B represents NHC(?O) and the like, D represents an atomic bond and the like, E represents an atomic bond and the like, G represents benzene which may be substituted and the like, and m represents an integer of 0 to 5) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, and a P2X4 receptor antagonist.

Abstract: An ECU of a fuel cell system supplies cathode gas by rotating an air pump at a low-load rotational speed and performs a low-load power generation in a fuel cell stack, while a moving body is traveling. When the fuel cell stack generates power while the moving body is stopped, the ECU increases the supply amount of the cathode gas by rotating the air pump at a during-stoppage-of-traveling rotational speed which is greater than the low-load rotational speed.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack of a plurality of power generation cells and an impedance measuring device for measuring the impedance in the fuel cell stack. When stopping the operation of the fuel cell system, a method for stopping the operation of the fuel cell system operates the plurality of power generation cells to generate electric power, until the impedance value becomes equal to or greater than an objective impedance value. After the impedance value has become equal to or greater than the objective impedance value, the operation stopping method still continues the power generation of the multiple power generation cells for a given period of time.

Abstract: A method of detecting degradation of a membrane electrode assembly of a fuel cell is provided. In the method, it is possible to detect degradation (cross leakage) of the fuel cell. In the measurement step, the pressure drop value of the pressure of the fuel gas which decreases in the power generation state after discharging of the predetermined amount of the fuel gas, in each predetermined period of time is measured a plurality of times. Thereafter, in the determination step, it is determined that the membrane electrode assembly has been degraded in the case where the minimum pressure drop value, among a plurality of pressure measurement values, exceeds a threshold value.