Abstract: In an exhaust gas control apparatus for an internal combustion engine in which a catalytic converter is attached to an engine having a plurality of cylinders and a plurality of exhaust passages communicating with the plurality of cylinders, a diffusion portion that promotes a jet flow of a main flow of the exhaust gas flowing into the merging portion is provided at a merging portion connected to a downstream side of the exhaust passage. Further, on the inner wall of the merging portion facing the inlet of the exhaust gas provided in the exhaust passage, a dispersion face for three-dimensionally dispersing the main flow of the exhaust gas flowing linearly into the merging portion from the inlet is formed.

Abstract: In order to flexibly use the transmission capacity upon transmitting a signal between node devices, the downstream node device requests the upstream node device to decrease the number of outputs in a given channel prior to insertion of a signal into that channel. The upstream node device decreases the number of outputs in that channel by, e.g., distributing the outputs in the channel to other channels in response to the request.

Abstract: In the node device of a network of performing communication while changing the communication channel, a plurality of packets are transmitted to a terminal device in a different order from the reception order of a plurality of received packets without rearranging the packets in the terminal device. In addition, the packets are transmitted to the terminal device with traffic characteristics based on traffic characteristics used to transmit a plurality of packets.

Abstract: Signals are evenly distributed and transmitted using a plurality of channels. Multicast and broadcast communications are efficiently made. Signals from each sub transmission paths are distributed onto a plurality of channels to send them via these channels. Furthermore, signals are inserted into the channels by finding empty packets from the channels, thus allowing input of signals to the channels that transfer various kinds of signals. Upon multicast or broadcast communications, an input signal is copied in correspondence with a plurality of channels.

Abstract: In order to flexibly use the transmission capacity upon transmitting a signal between node devices, the downstream node device requests the upstream node device to decrease the number of outputs in a given channel prior to insertion of a signal into that channel. The upstream node device decreases the number of outputs in that channel by, e.g., distributing the outputs in the channel to other channels in response to the request.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a network system for an interactive transmission in first and second directions. The network system includes a plurality of node devices, and a first node device of the node devices can selectively output a signal in the first direction or perform the returning output of a signal. A second node device adjacent to the first node device outputs a signal to the first node device through a channel which is used by the first node device for the returning output, hence the first and second node device are controlled such that those first and second node devices do not use the returning channel of the first node device concurrently.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a network system for an interactive transmission in first and second directions. The network system includes a plurality of node devices, and a first node device of the node devices can selectively output a signal in the first direction or perform the returning output of a signal. A second node device adjacent to the first node device outputs a signal to the first node device through a channel which is used by the first node device for the returning output, hence the first and second node device are controlled such that those first and second node devices do not use the returning channel of the first node device concurrently.