Abstract: The present invention relates to a television tuner capable of receiving television broadcasting, CATV and satellite broadcasting. The television tuner includes a double superheterodyne tuner for receiving television signals, having an up-converter, a down-converter and a coupler for coupling the up-converter and down-converter, and the television tuner also includes a BS second mixer portion and a FM demodulator, for receiving signals from a broadcasting satellite. The double superheterodyne tuner, the BS second mixer portion and the FM demodulator are disposed in a housing, a combination of the up-converter and the BS second mixer portion is desiredly separated from the down-converter, the coupler is disposed in a space between the combination and the down-converter, and the FM demodulator is disposed in the remaining space of the housing.

Abstract: A double super-heterodyne tuner provided with an up-converting section and a down-converting section, and including an input filter constituted by single tuning to be supplied with an input signal, an RF amplifier for amplifying the signal passing through the input filter, and an inter-stage tuning circuit constituted by single tuning connected to an output end of the RF amplifier and provided at an input portion of the up-converting section. The input filter and the inter-stage tuning circuit are supplied with a tuning voltage different from that supplied to a first local oscillator so as to alter its filter characteristics for simplification of the circuit construction and improvement of NF (noise factor).

Abstract: A high frequency amplifying apparatus comprises: an amplifier for broadband-amplifying an input signal; a choke coil having one end supplied with a supply voltage and the other end connected to an output of the amplifier; and an automatic gain control circuit for outputting an amplified input signal with a gain controlled in accordance with an automatic gain control voltage, having: a first diode having an anode connected to the output of the amplifier and a cathode; an impedance element, one end of the impedance element being connected to the cathode of the first diode, the other end of the impedance element being connected to the ground; and a second diode having a cathode connected to the cathode of the first diode and an anode supplied with the automatic gain control voltage. The impedance element comprises a resistor and a second choke coil connected in series with the resistor. However, the second choke coil can be omitted.

Abstract: A mixer for use in a double superheterodyne tuner which can receive either ground broadcasting channels or the satellite broadcasting channels is provided with frequency mixing diodes for the ground broadcasting signal and frequency mixing diodes for the satellite broadcasting signal. Switching diodes are provided between each of the frequency mixing diodes and output terminals of a balun transformer having an input terminal for receiving a local oscillation signal. When the ground broadcasting signal is received, the switching diodes connected to the frequency mixing diodes of the ground broadcasting are turned ON, with the switching diodes connected to the frequency mixing diodes of the satellite broadcasting are turned OFF, so that the leakage of the local oscillation signal to the satellite broadcasting signal when the ground broadcast signal is received is greatly reduced.

Abstract: A tuner station apparatus includes a first mixer for combining an input signal and a first local oscillation signal, and a second mixer for combining an output of the first mixer and a second local oscillation signal. The first and second local oscillation signals are generated by first and second PLL circuits, respectively. Each of the first and second PLL circuits include a frequency divider, a variable frequency divider, a phase comparator, a low pass filter, and a voltage controlled oscillator. The frequency divider of the first PLL circuit has a higher frequency division ratio than that of the second PLL circuit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a receiving apparatus which can be used in receiving a satellite broadcast by using a cable television system. The receiving apparatus uses a double-super type converter or tuner (2) having a first frequency-conversion portion (15) and a second frequency-conversion portion (19). A conversion output terminal (G) for feeding a signal to a BS tuner (5) is provided at the output side of the first frequency-conversion portion (15). A BA signal converted into a UHF band or a superhigh band is fed to the first frequency-conversion portion (15) through a cable, so that, after frequency conversion, a BS-IF signal is taken out from the conversion output terminal (G). Thus, the BS-IF signal can be fed to the BS tuner (5) without using any special up-converter.

Abstract: The invention relates to a television receiving tuner for receiving television signals of VHF band/UHF band, a CATV signal, and a satellite television broadcasting signal. As a circuit for receiving the television signals of the VHF band/UHF band and the CATV signal as a first input signal, there is provided a double super type tuner of the up/down converter system including a first local oscillator (6) and a first mixer (5) which construct an up converter and a second local oscillator (10) and a second mixer (9) which construct a down converter. When the satellite television broadcasting signal as a second input signal is received, the first local oscillator (6) and the first mixer (5) in the up converter section are switched by switching circuits (12, 13) and used as a down converter.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a shielding device of a double-sided printed substrate used in a circuit for processing a high frequency signal such as a television tuner circuit and the like, which is arranged such that a first grounding conductor film (12a) is formed on one side of the substrate (11), a second grounding conductor film (12b) is formed on the other side of the substrate (11), both the conductor films (12a, 12b) are connected by a through-hole conductor (15b), an opening portion of a through hole (15a) at at least one side is covered and closed by a solder resist (16), and the shielding plate (13) is mounted on the conductor film (12a) on the one side and both members are soldered. In particular, when a ceramic substrate is used as the substrate (11), it is arranged so as to obtain reliable soldering and satisfactory shielding effects while ensuring the strength thereof.

Abstract: A silica shaped body comprising a multiplicity of interconnected secondary particles of amorphous silica, voids interspersed between the secondary particles, and at least one inorganic inactive substance selected from among carbonaceous substance, carbide, nitride and metallic oxide and physically united with the secondary particles, is prepared by containing a siliceous material, calcareous material and water to a hydrothermal synthesis reaction with heating and stirring under an elevated pressure to obtain an aqueous slurry of secondary particles of calcium silicate crystals, followed by carbonation, shaping and drying.

Abstract: Disclosed is a local oscillator using a dielectric coaxial resonator (27), which is availably used as a fixed local oscillator in double-spot tuners and CATV converters, and which is arranged so that an AFC voltage is applied to a variable-capacitance diode (23) from an output terminal (E) of a frequency control circuit through a first resistor (35), the variable-capacitance diode having its one end being connected to a center conductor of a dielectric coaxial resonator (27) through a capacitor (25) and its other end being AC grounded, and that a first reference potential (V.sub.A) lower than a source voltage (V.sub.CC) by a predetermined value is given to the variable-capacitance diode (23), the one end of the variable-capacitance diode (23) being connected to the source voltage (V.sub.

Abstract: A channel selection apparatus having a double superhet tuner section (15) for converting one of a plurality of television channels contained in an input signal to a fixedly predetermined channel, includes an AFC circuit (11) for producing a frequency control voltage to execute closed-loop frequency control of the second local oscillator (5) of the tuner section while an AFC switch (16) is set in a first condition, whereas when the AFC switch is set in a second condition, a fixed frequency control voltage is applied to the second local oscillator and the frequency control voltage is applied to adjust the oscillation frequency of the first local oscillator (2) of the tuner section such as to compensate for any offset in the transmission frequency of a currently selected channel.

Abstract: The local oscillation circuit in accordance with the present invention is characterized as follows. The collector of an oscillation transistor is grounded for atlernating current. A series resonance circuit consisting of a variable capacitance diode and a resonator is connected to the base of the oscillation transistor. The other end of the series resonance circuit is grounded for alternating current. The emitter of the oscillation transistor is connected to the collector of an amplifying transistor. The emitter is grounded through a capacitor that removes or reduces the a.c. component and passes the d.c. component. An oscillation signal taken from the emitter of the oscillation transistor is fed to the base of the amplifier transistor. A local oscillation output signal is taken from the collector of the amplifier transistor, and bias potential to the amplifier transistor is impressed from the power source to the base of the amplifier transistor.

Abstract: On an upper surface of a substrate (20) a band-pass filter (29) is provided, and on the opposite (lower) surface of a substrate (20) a low-pass filter comprising a conductive layer pattern (27) and capacitors (22,23) is provided, wherein a conductive layers (27) are provided on substantially the entire area of the upper surface excluding portions for terminals and on the lower surface excluding portions for the low-pass filter and the terminals, and by connecting both conductive layers by means of a row of through-hole connections, the input terminal (24) and the output terminal (25) are shielded from each other.

Abstract: In an amplifier for a high frequency signal used to amplify a signal having a high frequency in a television tuner, a receiver for satellite broadcasting, and the like, at least two stages of dc-coupled grounded-emitter type amplifiers (Q.sub.1, Q.sub.2) are configured in an integrated circuit, a resistor (R.sub.13) is connected between an emitter of the grounded-emitter amplifier (Q.sub.2) in the second stage and the grounding, a terminal for connecting an external device is disposed to be connected via a bonding wire to the emitter of the grounded-emitter amplifier (Q.sub.2) in the second stage, and a filter circuit (11) including an inductance of the bonding wire and developing a low impedance for a particular frequency is disposed between the terminal and the external grounding.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a local oscillation apparatus which is used as a local oscillator of a communication apparatus or as a fixed local oscillator of a tuner. The present invention comprises a coaxial resonator (1) and an amplifying circuit (26) having an output end connected to a central conductive member of the coaxial resonator (1) through a first capacitor (2), an input end connected to the central conductive member through a second capacitor (3), and a variable capacitance diode (5) having one end connected to the central conductive member of the coaxial resonator (1) through a third capacitor (4) and the other end grounded so as to permit an alternating current only to be flowed.

Abstract: A frequency conversion apparatus for converting a high frequency signal into an intermediate frequency signal includes a mixer section for mixing a high frequency signal with a local oscillator signal so as to obtain an intermediate frequency signal, and an amplifier connected to the mixer section via a high frequency stopping circuit for supplying a constant direct current to the mixer section as a constant current source. A current flowing in the mixer section when the local oscillator signal is applied is kept substantially equal to a direct current flowing in the mixer section when no local oscillator signal is applied thereto. The amplifier is used for amplifying either the high frequency signal or the intermediate frequency signal, or both signals at the same time.

Abstract: A calcium silicate shaped body which comprises a multiplicity of interconnected secondary particles of calcium silicate crystals, voids interspersed between the secondary particles, and at least one inorganic inactive substance selected from among carbonaceous substance, carbide, nitride, silicide and metallic oxide which is physically united with the secondary particles, the shaped body containing the inactive substance in an amount of 21 to 70% by weight; and a calcium silicate shaped body which comprises a multiplicity of interconnected secondary particles of calcium silicate crystals, voids interspersed between the secondary particles, and at least one inorganic inactive substance selected from among carbonaceous substance, carbide, nitride, silicide and metal oxide and physically united with the secondary particles, and an amorphous siliceous substance.

Abstract: Globular secondary particles of wollastonite group calcium silicate crystals represented by the formulalCaO.mSiO.sub.2.nH.sub.2 Owherein 1.ltoreq.l.ltoreq.6, 1.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.6 and 0.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.1, characterized in that the particles comprise hollow globular secondary particles of the wollastonite group calcium silicate crystals, the globular secondary particles having an average spontaneous sedimentation height of at least 800 ml, an outside diameter of 5 to 110 .mu.m, an average apparent density of 0.04 to 0.09 g/cm.sup.3 and an average shell density defined by the equationY=0.0033X+Bwherein Y is the average shell density, X is the average diameter of the particles, B is a constant, 15 .mu.m.ltoreq.X.ltoreq.40 .mu.m and 0.ltoreq.B.ltoreq.0.115.

Abstract: A shaped body of calcium silicate characterized by being composed of globular secondary particles interconnected with one another and each made up of lath-like xonotlite or foshagite crystals having been three-dimensionally interlocked with one another and having an index of crystallite antigrowth of at least 15, the globular secondary particles having had an outside diameter of about 10 to about 80 .mu.m and an apparent density of up to 0.13 g/cm.sup.3 and having been in the form of a shell with a hollow interior space and a thickness of about 0.3 to about 10 .mu.m before being shaped into the body.